Minden, Louisiana

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Coordinates: 32°37′0″N 93°17′0″W / 32.61667°N 93.28333°W / 32.61667; -93.28333
City of Minden
City
Revised copy, Minden, LA, City Hall and Civic Center IMG 0008.JPG
The combined Minden City Hall and Convention Center opened in 1970.
Country United States
State Louisiana
Parish Webster
Elevation 253 ft (77.1 m)
Coordinates 32°37′0″N 93°17′0″W / 32.61667°N 93.28333°W / 32.61667; -93.28333
Area 12.0 sq mi (31.1 km2)
 - land 11.9 sq mi (31 km2)
 - water 0.1 sq mi (0 km2), 0.83%
Population 13,082 (2010)
Density 1,095.2 / sq mi (422.9 / km2)
Established 1836
Mayor Bill Robertson
Timezone CST (UTC-6)
 - summer (DST) CDT (UTC-5)
ZIP code 71055
Area code 318
Location of Minden in Louisiana
Location of Louisiana in the United States
Website: http://www.mindenusa.com
Federal Building (constructed 1959) in Minden houses the post office.
Downtown Minden welcome sign on Main Street
The Minden Coca-Cola Bottling Plant is a distribution center on Pine Street across from Minden Cemetery.

Minden is a city in the U.S. state of Louisiana. It serves as the parish seat of Webster Parish[1] and is located twenty-eight miles east of Shreveport (in Caddo Parish). The population, which has been stable since 1960, was 13,082 at the 2010 census. The 2000 population had been 13,027; growth over the decade was hence .4 of 1 percent. Minden is 51.7 percent African American. [2]

Minden is the principal city of the Minden Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is part of the larger Shreveport-Bossier City-Minden Combined Statistical Area.

Minden has possessed a post office since 1839.[3] The current postal building at 111 South Monroe Street was completed in 1959.

The community has been served by a newspaper since the 1850s. The current publication, the Minden Press-Herald, is located in a building previously occupied by a supermarket on Gleason Street south of Broadway Street. The Press-Herald became a daily newspaper on July 18, 1966, but was earlier published as two weekly papers, the Minden Press on Mondays and the Minden Herald on Thursdays. For a time there was also the Webster Signal-Tribune.[4]

On October 15, 2012 at 11:30 p.m. CST, many Minden residents saw the sky light up as a result of an explosion. Webster Parish officials claim that an ordnance bunker at nearby Camp Minden had exploded, but the blast was contained with minimal damage. Camp Minden is the site of the former Louisiana Army Ammunition Plant, once the major employer in Minden.[5]

In December 2012 police began the removal of 2,700 tons of explosives from Camp Minden, leading to evacuations in the nearby town of Doyline.[6]

Contents

Geography [edit]

Minden has an elevation of 253 feet (77.1 m)[7]. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 12.0 square miles (31 km2), of which, 11.9 square miles (31 km2) of it is land and 0.1 square miles (0.26 km2) of it (0.75%) is water.

Demographics [edit]

As of the census[8] of 2000, there were 13,027 people, 5,166 households, and 3,430 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,095.2 people per square mile (423.0/km²). There were 5,795 housing units at an average density of 487.2 per square mile (188.2/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 46.34% White, 52.17% African American, 0.31% Native American, 0.27% Asian, 0.05% Pacific Islander, 0.21% from other races, and 0.65% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.61% of the population.

There were 5,166 households, out of which 30.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 39.6% were married couples living together, 22.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.6% were non-families. 30.9% of all households were made up of individuals and 15.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.44 and the average family size was 3.05.

In the city of Minden, the population was spread out with 27.0% under the age of 18, 8.6% from 18 to 24, 25.3% from 25 to 44, 21.2% from 45 to 64, and 17.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years, higher than the state median age of 34.0 years. For every 100 females there were 84.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 77.7 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $24,175, and the median income for a family was $31,477. Males had a median income of $28,401 versus $19,199 for females. The per capita income for the city was $14,114. About 21.0% of families and 26.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 39.3% of those under age 18 and 20.1% of those age 65 or over.

History [edit]

Early settlement [edit]

Among the original settlers in the Minden area was Newitt Drew, a Welshman originally from Virginia, who built a gristmill and sawmill on Dorcheat Bayou in south Webster Parish in what became the since defunct Overton community. Minden itself was established in 1836 by Charles H. Veeder, a native of Schenectady, New York, who named it for the city of Minden in Germany.[9] Veeder left Minden during the California Gold Rush and spent the rest of his life practicing law in Bakersfield, California.[10]

A year before Veeder arrived, a group from Phillipsburg (now Monaca, Pennsylvania), led by the Countess Leon, settled seven miles (11 km) northeast of Minden in what was then Claiborne Parish. For nearly four decades, this Germantown Colony operated on a communal basis.[11] It was dispersed in 1871, when Webster Parish was severed from Claiborne Parish.[12] The "Countess" moved to Hot Springs, Arkansas, where she died in 1881.[11]

One of three Utopian Society settlements in this area, the Germantown Colony was the most successful and lasted the longest, having peaked at fifty to sixty pioneers but usually with fewer than forty followers. The settlement had been planned by the countess’ husband, Bernhard Müller, known as the Count von Leon. He died of yellow fever on August 29, 1834, at Grand Ecore, four miles (6 km) from Natchitoches, before he reached Webster Parish.[13] Leon and his followers attempted to build an earthly utopia, socialist in practice, while awaiting for the Second Coming of Christ. For his religious views, Leon had been exiled from Germany. He intended to plant the settlement in Webster Parish to coincide with the latitude of Jerusalem, 31 degrees, 47 minutes. The colonists worshiped under oak trees at the center of the colony. They supported themselves from farming, with a concentration on cotton.[11] The settlement is preserved at the Germantown Colony and Museum.

A second museum in Minden, the Dorcheat Historical Association Museum, named for Dorcheat Bayou, is located downtown at 116 Pearl Street near the post office. It preserves the cultural history of the city and parish from the 19th century.

Civil War [edit]

Statue of a Confederate soldier at the western end of Jacqueline Park in Minden

During the American Civil War, a large Confederate encampment, which housed some 15,000 soldiers was located east of Minden. Minden was a supply depot for the troops. Some thirty Confederate soldiers who died in the Battle of Mansfield and another engagement at Pleasant Hill are buried in the historic Minden Cemetery located at Pine and Goodwill streets and Bayou Avenue. A modern cemetery, Gardens of Memory, opened in 1957 off the Lewisville Road north of Minden.

In 1862, Confederate General Richard Taylor, son of Zachary Taylor, issued orders to round up deserters. According to the historian John D. Winters of Louisiana Tech University, near Minden were seen "many robust-looking men claiming to be 'discharged soldiers.'" General Taylor reported that a "'large number of persons liable to military service . . . , deserters, enrolled conscripts who have failed to report, between the ages of eighteen and thirty-five, are to be found throughout the state.' He ordered militia officers and parish sheriffs to arrest all men who could not prove legal exemption or absence from military service because of furlough or parole. Liberal rewards were offered for the apprehension of such men."[14]

Governor Henry Watkins Allen tried to make the state self-sufficient during the war. A factory for the manufacture of cotton and wool cards was erected at Minden and in full operation by the end of the war.[15] In 1864-1865, divisions of General Camille Armand Jules Marie, Prince de Polignac, hero at Mansfield, and Maj. Gen. John H. Forney established winter quarters near Minden.[16]

Coldest state temperature [edit]

On February 13, 1890, Minden recorded the state's all-time coldest temperature, −16 °F (−27 °C) degrees during the height of the Great Blizzard. Another −16 °F (−27 °C) reading was recorded in Minden on February 2, 1899.[17] The humid subtropical climate, however, is usually mild in winter and mostly hot in summer.

Will Life [edit]

William L. "Will" Life (June 23, 1887 – October 1972) was from 1925 until his death the owner of the large Webb Hardware store in downtown Minden. A former member of the Minden City Council, who was defeated in 1938,[18] Life was sometimes known as the "father of modern Minden" because of his civic leadership.[19]

Life attended the former Minden Male Academy, which was located at what is now Academy Park. He graduated from Minden High School in 1905 and was a member of the 1904 basketball team. He resided in Minden his entire eighty-five years except during World War I, when he served for three years in the United States Army Signal Corps. On June 23, 1972, four months before Life's death, Mayor Tom Colten proclaimed "Will Life Day" in Minden. Life is interred at Minden Cemetery.[19]

1930s [edit]

1933 Disastrous year at Dorcheat Historical Association Museum in Minden

During the Great Depression, one of the two Minden banks failed. Five banks now exist, Minden Building and Loan, Capital One, Regions, Citizens, and Richland State. On May 1, 1933, a tornado destroyed some 20 percent of the residences in Minden. Thereafter a fire destroyed much of the business district and many homes. During the national bank holiday in 1933, the funds of both Minden citizens and businesses were frozen, making recovery from the tornado and the fire more difficult. Later, a summer flood destroyed a third of the crops in the area. Because of these quadruple tragedies, 1933 has been called the "Year of Disaster" in Minden.[20][21]

Ben F. Turner, Sr. (1883–1934), was the Louisiana and Arkansas Railway express agent in Minden as well as the volunteer fire chief. During the 1933 fire, he sustained a heart attack and hence died the next year of cardiac failure. Oddly, Ben Turner's grandfather had died in 1835 while he was fighting a fire at a brush arbor meeting in Georgia. Ben Turner's son, Harold Martin "Happy" Turner (1911–1988), was a well-known restaurant owner and civic booster in Minden.

Larry B. Hunter (1896–1971) and his wife, the former Gladys Powell (1899–1973), a native of Sibley, for decades operated the Coca-Cola Bottling Company outlet in Minden. While soft drinks were produced at the facility into the 1960s, the facility is now a distribution center. It is located across from the Minden Cemetery. The Hunters also subsidized the Minden Redbirds semi-professional baseball team and built the former Hunter's recreation complex, which served the youth of Minden from 1940 to 1965. In 1950, Gladys Hunter, became the first woman ever to be elected to the Webster Parish School Board, where she served two six-year terms.

Painter Ben Earl Looney was born in the Yellow Pine community in south Webster Parish and graduated from Minden High School in 1923. He taught art throughout the United States in a career from the 1920s until his death in Lafayette in 1981.

Minden businesses [edit]

Minden has a large number of businesses and an active Chamber of Commerce, which maintains offices near the intersection of Broadway and the Sibley Road. Two former executive directors of the chamber were elected mayor, Tom Colten in 1966 and Paul A. Brown in 1989.

In the mid-20th century, Minden had two film theaters and a third drive-in facility. To promote the film industry, theater owners Edgar Beach Hands, Jr. (1905–1972), and Ruth Cheshire Lowe in 1951 hosted several film stars in a visit to the city. One was a future U.S. senator from California, George Murphy. Another was Robert Stack of the later ABC television series The Untouchables. Jesse White, best known for Maytag commercials, also visited.[22] By the late 1970s, Minden had no theaters. However, in the 21st century, several motion pictures have been filmed in the city and the surrounding areas of Webster Parish.

The Webster Parish Courthouse, completed in 1953, is located just west of its former location, which in the early 1970s became a parking lot for the Minden City Hall/Civic Center.

Minden is the city of license for CW affiliate KPXJ, Channel 21.

Education [edit]

Northwest Louisiana Technical College has been located since the 1950s in a residential section off Constable Street in Minden but is scheduled for removal in 2013 ito a new location near Interstate 20.
Renovated Minden High School (2007) on College Street

Minden is served by the Webster Parish School Board, an elected body which maintains administrative offices on Sheppard Street. Minden High School, located just north of the downtown, completed major renovation in 2007. The original school dates to the turn of the 20th century.

There is a vocational technical school in Minden, Northwest Louisiana Technical College, located on Constable Street near the sites of the Webster Parish fairgrounds and Griffith Stadium, a baseball field, where the former Minden Redbirds semi-professional team played. Governor Earl Kemp Long had included a trade school for Webster Parish in his 1948 platform, and State Senator Drayton R. Boucher and State Representative C.W. Thompson set about getting the initial $175,000 in funding through the legislature.[23]

The facility opened in the early 1950s and has since undergone several renovations, including a $361,000 expansion in 1966, when its enrollment was 170. A lunch room, science room, library, and business department were then added to the campus. A program for training Licensed Practical Nurses began in 1967.[24]

In the summer of 2013, Northwest Technical College will be relocated to a new and expanded site off the Interstate 20 service road.

Elementary schools include E. S. Richardson, J.L. Jones, and J. E. Harper schools. In a cost-cutting move, the board closed William G. Stewart Elementary School in 2011, and the structure was quickly razed thereafter.

The middle school is located at the site of the former historically black Webster High School, which closed in 1975, with desegregation into Minden High School. The previous junior high school, Theresa M. Lowe Junior High School located near the fairgrounds, was closed after desegregation and converted into an alternative school. Theresa Lowe (1907-1959) graduated from Rayville High School in Rayville in Richland Parish in northeastern Louisiana and received her Bachelor of Science degree from Louisiana Tech University in Ruston. She was a longterm teacher of the seventh grade at the former Minden Junior High School and a leader in the Louisiana Teachers Association, since renamed Louisiana Association of Educators. Two of her brothers practiced law together in Springhill. Charles E. McConnell was the mayor of Springhill from 1954 to 1958, and Nathaniel Julius McConnell, Sr., was the city judge there from 1956 to 1986.[25][26]

There is the private academy known as the Glenbrook School located off the Lewisville Road toward Shongaloo, which began in 1970, first within the First Baptist Church of Minden.

The Louisiana Missionary Baptist Institute and Seminary, which offers bachelor's, master's, and doctor of theology degrees, is located off the Homer Road in east Minden. The theologically conservative institution was opened in 1952 by the then L. L. Clover of Calvary Missionary Baptist Church, which is located adjacent to the seminary.

Notable residents [edit]

Politics [edit]

Fred Thomas "Tony" Elzen, Sr. (1921-2012), a member of the Minden City Council from 1958 to 1962 and from 1966 to 1974, is pictured here as the grand marshal of the Minden Christmas parade, 2007. An annual golf tournament named for Elzen is held each summer in Minden.[42]

Sports [edit]

 This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (November 2008)
Turner's Pond in Minden as photographed from Lakeview United Methodist Church
Griffith Memorial Stadium is named for B. F. Griffith, Sr. (1867-1960), the Webster Parish sheriff from 1900 to 1908 who is considered the father of the Webster Parish Fair. The stadium hosts baseball games.[69]
The Minden Recreation Center off Interstate 20

Others [edit]

Hank Williams married in Minden [edit]

Country singer Hank Williams, Sr., married Billie Jean Jones Eshliman in Minden on October 18, 1952. The next day, the couple repeated the vows in two separate public ceremonies. Less than three months later, Williams was dead. A judge ruled that the wedding was not legal because Billie Jean's divorce did not become final until eleven days after she had married Williams. Thereafter, Billie Jean married another singing giant, Johnny Horton. Horton died in 1960 and is interred at Hillcrest Cemetery in Haughton in Bossier Parish.[76]

In popular culture [edit]

On January 9, 2012, MTV premiered their reality television show Caged, about mixed martial artists fighting to gain the means to leave Minden.

Minden gallery [edit]

  • First Baptist Church of Minden; the pastor was once George Washington Baines, maternal great-grandfather of U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson.
  • First United Methodist Church across from the water tower in downtown Minden
  • Established as a mission in 1955, Eastside Missionary Baptist Church (pastor Richard D. Methvin), located at Park Highway and Germantown Road, completed major renovation in 2008.
  • Calvary Missionary Baptist Church, founded in 1930, is located at 1400 Homer Road (pastor James A. Crain).
  • Louisiana Missionary Baptist Institute and Seminary (founded 1952) is adjacent to its principal sponsor, Calvary Missionary Baptist Church.
  • The Minden Presbyterian Church is located within the Minden Historic District.
  • St. John's Episcopal Church, also in the Minden Historic District
  • Formerly downtown across from the courthouse, St. Paul Catholic Church is located at 410 Fincher Road in Minden
  • An African American congregation, Good Samaritan, is located on the Shreveport Road at the former site of Calvary Missionary Baptist Church, since relocated to the Homer Road.
  • Saint Rest Baptist Church, another African-American congregation, of which the Reverend Benjamin F. Martin (died 2012) was the pastor for forty-six years.[77]
  • Main Street in Minden facing west
  • Downtown Minden with the signature water tower in the background
  • The main Webster Parish Library operates on East and West Street in Minden, with branch libraries located throughout the parish.
  • The Minden Community House is located at Victory Park in this facility completed in 1987 by the W-M Construction Company of Minden, after the previous contractor, Tarver Brothers Construction Company of Shreveport, defaulted on the project.[78]
  • A barber shop has operated for decades at this Main Street location in Minden.
  • Academy Park in the Minden Historic District is located on the site of the former Minden Male Academy.
  • Dorcheat Historical Association Museum is located downtown at 116 Pearl Street near the post office
  • Citizens Bank, built as Webster Bank in 1910 in Ionic style, was renovated and reopened in 2001 at 704 Main Street in Minden next to Clyde Stanley's Karate School. The bank is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
  • Regions Bank in Minden occupies the site of the former Minden Bank and Trust Company across from the Webster Parish Courthouse.
  • Minden Building and Loan (MBL) Bank on Main Street
  • Richland State Bank, based in Rayville, operates in Minden on the Homer Road near Wal-Mart.
  • One of the oldest continuous businesses in Minden is the Western Auto dealership operated downtown by John P. Collins
  • The former Holland Crawford Insurance agency clock has long been a mainstay of downtown Minden. The company was founded by Castle O. Holland (1895-1981) and his son-in-law, Wayne S. Crawford.
  • Minden Medical Center ranks among the "Top 100" Hospitals in the nation.
  • Neta's Bar-B-Q on the Shreveport Road has existed since 1955, when it was originally an A&W Root Beer outlet.
  • Fountain behind the veterans exhibit at Turner's Pond near E.S. Richardson Elementary School.
  • This historic bell, given to the City of Minden by the Powell family of Blazer Construction Company, hanged over the former Webster Parish Courthouse from 1905 to 1951.
  • SGT. Joshua B. Madden Interchange off Interstate 20 in Minden honors a local hero of the Iraq War.
  • Historic Dorcheat Bayou between Minden and Dixie Inn is a popular fishing area.
  • Minden Municipal Electric Generating Station
  • Historic Minden Cemetery has graves as far back as 1843 and the American Civil War era.
  • Gardens of Memory Cemetery (established 1957) is located off the Lewisville Road.

References [edit]

  1. ^ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Retrieved 2011-06-07. 
  2. ^ "2010 Census". quickfacts.census.gov. Retrieved April 27, 2012. 
  3. ^ "Post Offices in Webster Parish, Louisiana". 
  4. ^ Minden Press-Herald, July 18, 1966
  5. ^ "UPDATED: Camp Minden bunker explosion rocks region". Shreveport Times. Retrieved 2012-10-16.  Text "text" ignored (help); Text "FRONTPAGE" ignored (help)
  6. ^ "Tonnes of explosives found in US town". 3 News NZ. December 4, 2012. 
  7. ^ "US Board on Geographic Names". United States Geological Survey. 2007-10-25. Retrieved 2008-01-31. 
  8. ^ "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2008-01-31. 
  9. ^ Edwin Adams Davis (1999). Rivers and Bayous of Louisiana. Pelican Publishing. ISBN 978-1-4556-1130-0. Retrieved August 24, 2009. 
  10. ^ "Charles Hanson Veeder", A Dictionary of Louisiana Biography, Vol. 2 (1988), pp. 809-810
  11. ^ a b c David James, III, "Germantown: Once Thriving and Socialistic", Minden Press, July 7, 1958, pp. 1-2
  12. ^ ”Respect for the Past, Confidence in the Future”, Webster Parish Centennial, 1871–1971, pp. 13-14
  13. ^ Brochure, Germantown Colony and Museum, 120 Museum Road, Minden, LA 71055
  14. ^ John David Winters; John James Kushma, University of Texas at Arlington (1963). The Civil War in Louisiana. LSU Press. p. 164. ISBN 978-0-8071-1725-5. 
  15. ^ Winters, pp. 319, 408
  16. ^ Winters, p. 382
  17. ^ 1 p.m. News, KEEL Radio, Shreveport, Louisiana, February 2, 2011
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  19. ^ a b Minden Press-Herald, June 21, 1972, p. 1
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  22. ^ "Movie Stars Coming to Minden Thursday, Dec. 6", Minden Press, November 30, 1951, p. 1
  23. ^ "Thompson, Boucher Working for Trade School in Webster", Minden Herald, May 26, 1950, p. 1
  24. ^ "Proposed expansion at Local Trade School Unveiled', Minden Press-Herald, November 23, 1966, p. 1
  25. ^ Minden Press, November 18, 1954, p. 1
  26. ^ N. J. McConnell, Sr., Springhill Cemetery grave marker
  27. ^ "Blackburn, William Jasper - Biographical Information". bioguide.congress.gov. Retrieved 22 September 2010. 
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  35. ^ *Minden Press-Herald, November 9, 1966, November 4, 1970, November 8, 1978
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  54. ^ "Coleman Lindsey". archives. Retrieved July 10, 2009. 
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  56. ^ "Ex-Mayor of Minden Dies at 83", The Times (Shreveport), March 5, 1955, p. 8-B
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  58. ^ "Judge J.F. McInnis Will Retire Soon", Minden Herald, December 18, 1953, p. 1
  59. ^ "Mims Will Not Seek Another Term", Minden Press-Herald, undated 1975 article
  60. ^ Minden Press-Herald, October 27, 1971, p. 7
  61. ^ Minden Press-Herald, November 9, 1966
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  63. ^ Minden Press-Herald, November 7–8, 2006
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  67. ^ "Rites for A. D. Turner Held Saturday 3 p.m.", Minden Press, January 1, 1954, p. 1
  68. ^ "Watkins, John Thomas". bioguide.congress.gov. Retrieved 27 September 2010. 
  69. ^ "Father of Local Fair Buried Here Today", Minden Herald, October 6, 1960, p. 1
  70. ^ Booth obituary, The Times (Shreveport), July 2, 1972
  71. ^ "Larry Brewer obituary", Minden Press-Herald, May 26, 2003
  72. ^ Jeff Clemons, sports editor, "Doherty" More than a coach," Minden Press-Herald, January 3, 1988
  73. ^ "Tate Passed Up by NFL Teams," Minden Press-Herald, April 29, 1987
  74. ^ James Gulledge, "A Hero Remembered," Minden Press-Herald, November 11, 2011, p. 1
  75. ^ Walter White (1995). A man called White: the autobiography of Walter White. University of Georgia Press. ISBN 978-0-8203-1698-7. Retrieved 27 September 2010. 
  76. ^ Bill Morrison. "Rockabilly Country News & Views". Retrieved September 27, 2010. 
  77. ^ "B. F. Martin obituary". Minden Press-Herald, July 4, 2012. Retrieved July 5, 2012. 
  78. ^ Minden Press-Herald, January 1, 1987

External links [edit]

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