Mogilev

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This article is about city in Belarus. For the city in Ukraine, see Mohyliv-Podilskyi.

Coordinates: 53°54′N 30°20′E / 53.900°N 30.333°E / 53.900; 30.333

Mogilev
Mahilyow
Магілёў
Могилёв
Mogilev City Hall

Flag
Coat of arms
Mogilev is located in Belarus
Mogilev
Mahilyow
Location of Mogilev, shown within the Mogilev Region
Coordinates: 53°55′N 30°21′E / 53.917°N 30.350°E / 53.917; 30.350
Country
Subdivision		  Belarus
Mogilev Region
Founded 1267
Government
 • Mayor Stanislaw Baradawka
Area
 • Total 118.50 km2 (45.75 sq mi)
Elevation 192 m (630 ft)
Population (2009)
 • Total 360,918
 • Density Bad rounding here3,000/km2 (Bad rounding here7,900/sq mi)
Postal code 212 001
Area code(s) +375 222
License plate 6
Website Official website

Mogilev (also spelled Mahilyow, also transliterated Mahilioŭ, Mahiloŭ, Mogilyov; Belarusian: Магілёў, Łacinka: Mahiloŭ, pronounced [maɣʲiˈlʲou̯]; Russian: Могилёв, pronounced [məɡʲɪˈlʲof], Polish: Mohylew, Yiddish: Mohlev ,מאָהלעוו) is a city in eastern Belarus, about 76 km from the border with Russia's Smolensk Oblast and 105 km from the border with Russia's Bryansk Oblast. As of 2011, its population was 360,918.,[1] up from an estimated 106,000 in 1956. It is the administrative centre of Mogilev Region and the third largest city in Belarus.

Contents

Outline of History [edit]

Brockhaus and Efron Jewish Encyclopedia e11 151-0.jpg

The city was founded in 1267 by/where/why (info missing). From the 14th century it was part of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania until (date missing), after the Union of Lublin and the creation of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, it was transferred to the Crown of the Polish Kingdom (reason missing), where it became known as Mohylew or Mogilew. The city flourished as one of the main nodes of the east-west and north-south trading routes (time period missing).

In 1577 Polish King Stefan Batory granted it with city rights under Magdeburg law. After the First Partition of Poland it became part of the Russian Empire (date needed) and became the centre of the Mogilev Governorate. In 1654, the townsmen negotiated a treaty of surrender to the Russians peacefully, if the Jews were to be expelled and their property divided up among Mogilev's inhabitants. Tsar Aleksei Mikhailovitch agreed. However, instead of expelling the Jews, the Russian troops massacred them after they had led them to the outskirts of the town.[2]

From 1654 to 1914... (info needed)

In the years 1915–1917, during World War I, the Stavka, the headquarters of the Russian Imperial Army was based in the city and the Tsar, Nicholas II, spent long periods there as Commander-in-Chief.

Following the Russian Revolution, in 1918, the city was briefly occupied by Germany and placed under their short-lived Belarusian People's Republic. Then, in 1919 it was captured by the forces of Soviet Russia and incorporated into the Byelorussian SSR. Up to the Second World War and the Holocaust, like many other cities in Europe, Mogilev had a significant Jewish population: according to the Russian census of 1897, out of the total population of 41,100, 21,500 were Jews (i.e. around 50% percent).[3]

Between 26 July 1941 and 28 June 1944 the city was under German occupation.[4] During that period, the Jews of Mogilev were ghettoized and systematically liquidated.[5]

In 1944, the city returned to Soviet domination.

Since Belarus gained its independence in 1991 Mogilev has remained one of its principal cities.

Street in the centre

Government and Governors [edit]

Wiki letter w.svg This section is empty. You can help by adding to it. (March 2013)

Economy [edit]

From 1267 thru 1944...Template:Info needed. After World War II a huge metallurgy centre with several major steel mills was built. Also, several major factories of cranes, cars, tractors and a chemical plant were established. By the 1950s, tanning was its principal industry, and it was a major trading centre for cereal, leather, salt, sugar, fish, timber and flintstones: the city is home to a major inland port at the Dnieper river since (year/period) and a domestic airport since. Since the fall of the Soviet Union and the establishment of Byelorus as an independent country, Mogilev has become one of that country's main economic and industrial centres.

Main sights [edit]

The town's most striking landmark is the late 17th-century town hall. The grand tower of the town hall sustained serious damage during the Great Northern War and the Great Patriotic War. It was eventually demolished in 1957. The town hall was rebuilt in its pre-war form in 2008.

Another important landmark of Mogilev is the six-pillared St. Stanislaw's Cathedral, built in the Baroque style in 1738–52 and distinguished by its energetic murals. The convent of St. Nicholas, preserves its magnificent cathedral from 1668, as well as original iconostasis, belltower, walls, and gates. It is currently under consideration to become a UNESCO World Heritage site.[6]

Minor landmarks include the archiepiscopal palace and memorial arch, both dating from the 1780s, and the enormous theatre in the blend of the Neo-Renaissance and Russian Revival styles.

At Polykovichi, an urban part of Mogilev, there is a 350 metre tall guyed TV mast, one of the tallest structures in Belarus.

  • The Convent of St. Nicholas
  • The Russian Orthodox church
  • St. Stanislaw's Cathedral
Climate data for Mogilev, Belarus
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °C (°F) −3.0
(26.6)		 −2.5
(27.5)		 3.0
(37.4)		 12.0
(53.6)		 18.6
(65.5)		 21.5
(70.7)		 23.6
(74.5)		 22.7
(72.9)		 16.7
(62.1)		 9.9
(49.8)		 2.3
(36.1)		 −2.0
(28.4)		 10.2
(50.4)
Average low °C (°F) −7.8
(18)		 −8.5
(16.7)		 −4.2
(24.4)		 2
(36)		 7.3
(45.1)		 10.8
(51.4)		 12.7
(54.9)		 11.6
(52.9)		 7.1
(44.8)		 2.6
(36.7)		 −2.3
(27.9)		 −6.6
(20.1)		 2.1
(35.8)
Precipitation mm (inches) 43
(1.69)		 35
(1.38)		 39
(1.54)		 47
(1.85)		 59
(2.32)		 81
(3.19)		 86
(3.39)		 75
(2.95)		 57
(2.24)		 54
(2.13)		 51
(2.01)		 49
(1.93)		 676
(26.61)
Avg. precipitation days 22 17 15 14 12 14 15 11 14 17 22 26 199
 % humidity 86 84 81 74 68 71 74 75 80 84 88 89 80
Source: [7]

Notable citizens [edit]

Twin towns – Sister cities [edit]

Mahilyow is twinned with:

References [edit]

  1. ^ Ярковец, А.И. (2011). "Численность населения на 1 января 2011 года и среднегодовая численность населения за 2010 год по Республике Беларусь в разрезе областей, районов, городов, поселков городского типа" (Статистический бюллетень). Официальный сайт Национального статистического комитета Республики Беларусь (in русский). Национальный статистический комитет Республики Беларусь. p. 21. Archived from the original on 2012-02-04. Retrieved 2012-01-13.  More than one of |author= and |last= specified (help)
  2. ^ Russia's First Modern Jews, NYU Press 1995, David Fishman, p.2
  3. ^ Joshua D. Zimmerman, Poles, Jews, and the politics of nationality, Univ of Wisconsin Press, 2004, ISBN 0-299-19464-7, Google Print, p.16
  4. ^ Mogilev The fate of the Jews under the German Invasion & Occupation
  5. ^ [1]
  6. ^ St. Nicholas Monastery Complex in the city of Mahilyou – UNESCO World Heritage Centre
  7. ^ "Weatherbase". Weatherbase. Retrieved December 9, 2012. 
  8. ^ "Kragujevac City Partners". © 2008 Information service of Kragujevac City. Retrieved 2008-10-27. [dead link]
  9. ^ "Sumqayıt şəhər icra hakimiyyəti. Beynəlxalq Əlaqələr" [Sumgayit Executive Power. International Relations]. Retrieved 2010-12-29. 

External links [edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Mahilyow
Look up mogilev in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

City and regional maps of Mogilev

Belarus Subdivisions of Mogilev Region, Belarus
Districts
(raioni)
Coat of arms of Mogilev Region
Cities and towns
Coat of arms of Belarus
Flag of Belarus
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