Muzaffargarh
| مُظفّرگڑھ | |
|---|---|
| — City — | |
| Muzaffargarh | |
 مُظفّرگڑھ
|
|
| Coordinates: 30°4′13″N 71°11′36″E / 30.07028°N 71.19333°ECoordinates: 30°4′13″N 71°11′36″E / 30.07028°N 71.19333°E | |
| Country | Pakistan |
| Region | Punjab |
| District | Muzaffargarh District |
| Number of Tehsil | 4 |
| Union councils | 5 |
| Government[1][2] | |
| • Nazim | --------------- |
| • Naib nazim | |
| Area | |
| • Total | 8,435 km2 (3,257 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 122 m (400 ft) |
| Population (2012)[citation needed] | |
| • Total | 38,26,000 |
| Time zone | PST (UTC+5) |
| • Summer (DST) | PDT (UTC+6) |
| Area code(s) | 066 |
| Website | www.mugarh.com/ |
Muzaffargarh (Urdu: مُظفّرگڑھ), is a city in southwestern Punjab, Pakistan, located on the bank of the Chenab River. It is capital city of Muzaffargarh District.
Contents |
History [edit]
The Town of Muzaffargarh was founded in 1794 by the Governor of Multan Nawab Muzaffar Khan. The Meaning of Muzaffargarh is "Fort of Muzaffar" because the old town lies inside the walls of a fort built by Nawab Muzaffar Khan of Multan. Prior to that the place was known by a shop called "Musan Hatti", on the road leading from Multan to Dera Ghazi Khan.</ref> The city was founded in the sixteenth century. In 1864 it became the headquarters of Muzaffargarh District.[3] Muzaffargarh spreads over an area of 8,249 km2 and forms a strip between the Chenab River on its east and Indus River on its west. Muzaffargarh is one of oldest districts of Punjab. The city is famous for sweet mangoes and nuts. Wheat, cotton and sugarcane are major crops of this area.
Muzaffargarh was especially hard hit by the 2010 Pakistan floods, given its position between the Chenab and Indus rivers.[4]
Language [edit]
Following are the demographics of the Muzafargarh district, by spoken language:
- Punjab local people different dialects: 95%
- Other: 5%
Inhabitants of Muzafargarh District speak a great variety of Punjabi dialects, although few of these dialects are called as separate language “Saraiki”, but because of good and loving nature of people there is no distinction or hate among different dialects and have a mix culture of Great (North and South) Punjab.
- Thalochi (Mainly)
- Majhi or standard (Sizeable population in cities also in newly cultivated areas)
- Raangri (A mixture of Punjabi and Urdu spoken by sizeable population in cities)
- Chinawari/Jhangvi (North Border areas near Khanewal district)
- Derawali (West Border areas near DG khan & Rajan pur districts)
- Multani (East Border areas near Multan district)
- Riyasti (South Border areas near Rahim yar khan district)
Other Languages include:
- Urdu is mother tongue of few people but being national language is spoken and understood by the sizeable population.
- English is also understood and spoken by the educated elite.
- Pashto is also spoken by very few people in the cities.
Religion [edit]
The majority of the people are Muslims. However, the city does have significant Sikh and Hindu communities within the district.
Main towns [edit]
The district's towns include 'Basti Malik Wala,Taliri', QASBA GURMANI,Bhutta pur,Arshadabad(Mouza Sadan Wali), Basti maharan,Taliri,Mauza Bahadur Dawana, Dawana Bahadur Peer Rajan Bukhsh,Arshadabad, Mahrha khas, Khangarh, Rohilanwali, Shahr Sultan, Seetpurسِيت پُور, Rangpur, Gujrat, Mehmoodkot, Sinawan, Thatta Gurmani, Adda rind wala,moza Dewala, Daira Din Panah, Chauk Sarwar Shaheed, Shah Jamal, Mahr pur, Baseera, Moza Fazil Kalroo, Wasandaywali, Jalwala Pir Amir, Binda Ishaq, Ehsan Pur, Bakaini, Muradabad, Ghazi Ghaat and Karam Dad Quresh & Douna, Basti dasti Wala, Basti Daood Shah Wala, Basti jaangla, kalar wali, Chauk Parmat, jhugi wala, Rampur, Basti Allah Bakhsh, Belay Wala, Bait Mir Hazar, Lundi Pitafi, Julu Sahoo, Alipur and Jatoi.Moza Fazil Kalroo MAHRHA KHAS. Its union council 12 km away from Rohilanwali in west on a link road.connected in east Provincial highway Rohilanwali and in west also provincial highway chowk gudpur.This union council have much population almost 45000 which are divided in 5 mauza namely mauza mahrha gharbi,mauza mahrha sharqi,mauza hassan pur kacha,mauza gindi khakhi,mauza bhunda wali which are further divided into 100 villages main tribes are ARIAN subcaste MALIK(bari bast arian, alli wala,and palli wala)and other caste are baloch quraishi, Rajputes,bore,khakhi,joya,pawli.Mahrha has grid station
Geography and climate [edit]
| Muzaffargarh | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Climate chart (explanation) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The city of Muzaffargarh is located in southern Punjab province at almost the exact centre of Pakistan. The closest major city is Multan. The area around the city is a flat, alluvial plain and is ideal for agriculture, with many citrus and mango farms. There are many canals that cut across the Muzaffargarh District, providing water from nearby farms. This makes the land very fertile. However usually land close to the Chenab are usually flooded in the monsoon season.
Muzaffargarh features an arid climate with very hot summers and mild winters. The city witnesses some of the most extreme weather in the country. The highest recorded temperature is approximately 54 °C (129 °F), and the lowest recorded temperature is approximately −1 °C (30 °F). The average rainfall is roughly 127 millimetres (5.0 in). Dust storms are a common occurrence within the city.
Transportation [edit]
Muzaffargarh has connections with other cities by a variety of means of transportation. The district has concrete road reaching up to 983.69 km. The district is linked with D.G. Khan, Layyah and Multan districts through concrete roads. Buses to Multan leave frequently, since it is located closely to the city. There are a variety of buses travelling farther from the city. Many of them are now air-conditioned with a fairly good safety record. The N-5 connects the city to connect to all parts of Pakistan. The road otherwise, known as GT Road, allows connections to Rawalpindi, Islamabad, Faisalabad, Karachi, Lahore as well as Bahawalpur. Coach services such as Faisal Movers Express, Niazi Express, Khan brothers transport, Nadir flying coach, Punjab Tourism Department, Skyways AC Coaches and New Khan Bus Service are some of the most reliable coach companies operating out of Multan.
Muzaffargarh is connected by rail with all parts of the country and lies on the Branch track between Rawalpindi, Multan, Mianwali and Attock. The main Peshawar-Karachi railway line passes through Multan district.
The people of Muzaffargarh use Multan International Airport because it is nearer to Muzaffargarh and a 25 minute drive. Multan International Airport is an airport situated 10 km away from the city centre of Multan. It is not as large as the other airports in Pakistan, as it operates to cater mainly to the population of Multan, Vehari, Khanewal, Rajanpur, Sahiwal, and Pakpattan to mainly to other points within Pakistan as well as the Middle East. Flight are currently operated by the national flag carrier, Pakistan International Airlines. However, since the growth of air travel within the region, there has been speculated interest from other private carriers. The rise in air-travel has also led to the expansion of the current airport with a new runway and terminal.
Educational institutions [edit]
Although Muzaffargarh is one of the oldest and largest districts of Pakistan by area and population, it still has only a single campus of Virtual University of Pakistan. The literacy rate is one of the lowest in the country. However, regardless of this hapless scenario, the beacons of light still spread throughout the country from this region through its well-known academic educational institutions at the secondary level. There are many schools and colleges like government high school GURMANI, Govt. College for Boys, Govt. College for Girls, Sardar Kuarey Khan Public Higher Secondary School, The Country School, Dar-e-Arqam&workers welfare school, Beacon House School and College, Punjab Group of Colleges, Rise College, The Nelson School, Alla Public School, TEVTA, Govt. Comprehensive Higher Secondary School, Govt. High School, Govt. Normal higher Secondary School for Girls and many more schools and institutions. The famous academies include Superior Science Secondary School, Misali Zikriya Higher Secondary School, Misali Middle School, Shakir Science Higher Secondary Scohool, Abdalian Science Higher Secondary School, Rashid Minhas Higher Secondary School,Pakistan Inter Science College, Al-Hasnain Public School Khangarh and Ahsan Public School Basira. GOVT model high school girls and boys mahrha khas
Tribes [edit]
Sipra, Magsi,Dasti,Daha(Roy,Mian) Surani, Abbasi, Joiya, Kalroo(Jutt), Arain, Gujjar, Qureshi, Hashmi, Jaangla(mahar), Rajpoot, Saadat, Baloch tribes, Khar, Qalandrani and Almani Chandia, Budh etc.
Agriculture [edit]
Major crops [edit]
Wheat, sugarcane and cotton are the main crops grown in the district. Rice, jawar, bajra, moong, mash, masoor, ground nuts, maize and oil seeds such as rape / mustard and sunflower are also grown in minor quantities in the district.
Fruits [edit]
Mangoes, dates, citrus and pomegranate are the main fruits grown in the district. Dates, jaman, pears, phalsa and bananas are also grown in minor quantities in the district. File:Date trees at Ghazi Ghat.jpg
Vegetables [edit]
Onions, carrots, cauliflower and peas are the main vegetables grown in the district. Ladyfinger, turnips, tomatoes, potatoes, garlic and chillies are also grown in the district in minor quantities.
Forests [edit]
An area of 100,864 acres is forested in the district. There is also linear plantation of 1250 A.V. mile the roads/rails/canals in the district. Trees grown in the area are kikar, shisham, millbury, eucalyptus, bamboo and coconut.
Major industries [edit]
The district's major industries include cotton ginning and pressing, flour mills, jute textile, oil mills, paper/paperboard articles, petroleum products, polypropylene bags, power generation, readymade garments, solvent extraction, sugar, textile composite and textile spinning.
PARCO [edit]
PARCO's Mid-Country Refinery is the country's latest, largest and most complex refinery and employs critical processes involved in refining. Commissioned in the year 2000, PARCO’s 100,000 barrels per day, state-of-the-art Mid-Country Refinery (MCR) at Qasba Gujrat in Muzaffargarh, represents about 35% of Pakistan’s refining capacity. It helps substitute import of refined, value-added oil products to the tune of US$ 100 million per year. The MCR mainly processes crude oil of Upper Zakum from Abu Dhabi and light Arabian crude from Saudi Arabia.
KAPCO [edit]
Kot Addu Power Company Limited (KAPCO) was incorporated in 1996 with the purpose of contributing economic power to the national grid. KAPCO has shown exceptional results in the area of plant maintenance, availability, quality standards and financial performance. In April 2005 KAPCO was formally listed on all the three Stock Exchanges of Pakistan. The total generation capacity of KAPCO is 1600 MW.
AES Lalpir [edit]
Lal Pir (Pvt.) Limited owns and operates Lal Pir Thermal Power station, the most efficient power plant in Pakistan. It is located in Muzaffargarh. The total generation capacity of Lal Pir is 362 MW.
TPS Muzaffargarh [edit]
The Thermal Power Station Muzaffargarh consists of 3 oil-fired steam-operated units of 210 MW, each with provision of adding another 3 units of same or more capacity. The total generation capacity of TPS is 1350 MW.
The total power generation of these three plants add up to 3300 MW.
