Mycobacterium abscessus
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| Mycobacterium abscessus | |
|---|---|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Bacteria |
| Phylum: | Actinobacteria |
| Order: | Actinomycetales |
| Suborder: | Corynebacterineae |
| Family: | Mycobacteriaceae |
| Genus: | Mycobacterium |
| Species: | M. abscessus |
| Binomial name | |
| Mycobacterium abscessus Kusonoki and Ezaki 1992 ATCC 19977 |
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Mycobacterium abscessus is a rapidly growing mycobacterium that is a common water contaminant. It was until recently (1992) thought to be a subspecies of Mycobacterium chelonae. M. abscessus can cause chronic lung disease, post-traumatic wound infections, and disseminated cutaneous diseases, mostly in patients with suppressed immune systems.
It is classified as a rapid growing mycobacterium.[1]
Contents |
[edit] Description
Microscopy
- Gram-positive, nonmotile and acid-fast rods (1.0-2.5 µm x 0.5 µm).
Colony characteristics
- Colonies on Löwenstein-Jensen media may occur as smooth as well as rough, white or greyish and nonphotochromogenic.
Physiology
- Growth at 28°C and 37°C after 7 days but not at 43°C.
- On MacConkey agar at 28°C and even 37°C.
- Tolerance to 5% NaCl and 500 mg/l hydroxylamine (Ogawa egg medium) and 0.2% picrate (Sauton agar medium).
- Positive degradation of p-aminosalicylate.
- Production of arylsulfatase but not of nitrate reductase and Tween 80 hydrolase.
- Negative iron uptake test. No utilisation of fructose, glucose, oxalate and citrate as sole carbon sources.
Differential characteristics
- M. abscessus and M. chelonae can be distinguished from M. fortuitum or M. peregrinum by their failure to reduce nitrate and to take up iron.
- Tolerance to 5% NaCl in Löwenstein-Jensen media tolerance to 0.2% picrate in Sauton agar and non-utilisation of citrate as a sole carbon source are characteristics that distinguish M. abscessus from M. chelonae.
- M. abscessus and M. chelonae sequevar I share an identical sequence in the 54-510 region of 16S rRNA, However, both species can be differentiated by their hsp65, ITS or rpoB sequences
[edit] Pathogenesis
- Chronic lung disease, post-traumatic wound infections, post-tympanostomy tube otitis media, disseminated cutaneous diseases in patients of immune suppression.
It can be associated with otitis media.[2]
[edit] Type strain
ATCC 19977 = CCUG 20993 = CIP 104536 = DSM 44196 = JCM 13569 = NCTC 13031
[edit] References
- ^ Esteban J, Ortiz-Pérez A (December 2009). "Current treatment of atypical mycobacteriosis". Expert Opin Pharmacother 10 (17): 2787–99. doi:10.1517/14656560903369363. PMID 19929702. http://informahealthcare.com/doi/abs/10.1517/14656560903369363.
- ^ Linmans JJ, Stokroos RJ, Linssen CF (September 2008). "Mycobacterium abscessus, an uncommon cause of chronic otitis media: a case report and literature review". Arch. Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. 134 (9): 1004–6. doi:10.1001/archotol.134.9.1004. PMID 18794448. http://archotol.ama-assn.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=18794448.
- Kusunoki,S.,T. Ezaki. 1992. Proposal of Mycobacterium peregrinum sp. nov., nom. rev., and elevation of Mycobacterium chelonae subsp. abscessus (Kubica et al.) to species status: Mycobacterium abscessus comb. nov. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 42, 240-245.
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