Naimans
The Naimans,[1][2] (kazakh language: Найман хандығы). Like the Khitans and the Uyghurs, many of them were Nestorian Christians or Buddhists. When last Tayang Khan (a type of Khan) was killed after a battle with Genghis Khan in 1203, his son Kuchlug with his remaining Naiman troops fled to the Kara-Khitan Khanate. Kuchlug was well received there and the Khitan Khan gave him his daughter in marriage. Kuchlug soon began plotting against his new father-in-law, and after he usurped the throne, he began to persecute Muslims in the Hami Oases. But his action was opposed by local people and he was later defeated by the Mongols under Jebe.
Although the Naiman Khanlig was crushed by the Mongols, they were seen in every part of the Mongol Empire. Ogedei's great khatun ("queen") Töregene might have been from this tribe. Hulegu had a Naiman general, Ketbuqa, who died in the battle of Ain Jalut in 1260.
Contents |
Descendants [edit]
Modern kazakh historians follow more than 400,000 of the Kazakh population are Naimans (see Modern Kazakh tribes or Middle Juz). They originate from eastern Kazakhstan. (But it is false story because only 4000 Mongolian family migrated with Jochi to west. ) Some Naimans dissimilated with the Kyrgyz and Uzbek ethnicities and are still found among them. There is a small population of Naimans in Afghanistan. They belong to the Hazara tribe and reside in the Shaikh Ali valley. They are Sunni Muslims. The clan Naiman is changed clan name and mixed in Mongolia.
Naimans in Kazakh people [edit]
the naimans is the one of the major tribe of modern kazakh people, they are belong to middle juz of kazakhs. In kazakhstan mainly live in east, middle and south part of kazakhstan, population approximately 2.5 million among kazakhs in kazakhstan, and the almost 60% of kazakhs in china also the naiman tribe, naiman tribe population nearly one millon among kazakhs in china, live in the west part of xinjiang uyguir automous region of china, in the ili kazakh automous prefecture, all of them are muslim. Naimans is major tribe among kazakhs in uzbekistan, also exist among kazakhs in kyrgizstan and russia, mongolia.
Religion [edit]
By the time they were conquered by Genghis Khan most of the Naimans were Christians. They remained so after the Mongol conquest and were among the second wave of Christians to enter China with Kublai Khan.[3] The Naimans who settled in the western khanates of the Mongol Empire all eventually converted to Islam. There was a tradition that the Naimans and their Christian Kerait relatives were descended from the Biblical Magi.[4] The commander of the Mongol army that invaded Syria in 1259, Kitbuqa, was a Naiman: he is recorded to have "loved and honoured the Christians, because he was of the lineage of the Three Kings of Orient who came to Bethlehem to adore the nativity of Our Lord".[5] However, Kitbuqa's army was decisively defeated and its leader slain at the Battle of Ain Jalut, ensuring continued Muslim hegemony over the eastern shore of the Mediterranean.
See also [edit]
Other pre-Genghis Mongolian tribes include
|
|||||
References [edit]
- ^ Runciman, Steven (1987). A History of the Crusades. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-34770-9. Retrieved 2008-03-16.
- ^ Gibbon, Edward (1920). The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire. Methuen Publishing. Retrieved 2008-03-16.
- ^ Cary-Elwes, Columba. China and the Cross. (New York: P. J. Kennedy and Sons, 1956) p. 37
- ^ In regno Tarsae sunt tres prouinciae, quarum dominatores se reges faciunt appellari. Homines illius patriae nominant Iogour. Semper idola coluerunt, et adhuc colunt omnes, praeter decem cognationes illorum regum, qui per demonstrationem stellae uenerunt adorare natiuitatem in Bethlehem Judae. Et adhuc multi magni et nobiles inueniunt inter Tartaros de cognatione illa, qui tenent firmiter fidem Christi. (In the kingdom of Tarsis there are three provinces, whose rulers have called themselves kings. the men of that country are called Uighours. They always worshipped idols, and they all still worship them, except ten families of those Kings who through the appearance of the Star came to adore the Nativity in Bethlehem of Judah. And there are still many of the great and noble of that family found among the Tartars who hold firmly to the faith of Christ.) De Tartaris Liber,, 1307 AD, also called La flor des estoires de la terre d'Orient, by Hayton of Corycus in Novus orbis regionum ac insularum veteribus incognitarum, edited by Simon Grynaeus and Johannes Huttichius, Basel, 1532, caput ii, De Regno Tarsae, p.420. English translation.
- ^ Hayton of Corycus, La flor des estoires de la terre d'Orient (1307), quoted in Ugo Monneret de Villard, Le Leggende orientali sui Magi evangelici, Citta del Vaticano, Biblioteca apostolica vaticana, 1952, p.162. Also found in De Tartaris Liber, caput XXX, De Cobila Can quinto Imperatore Tartarorum , on page 445: "Nam ipse [Guiboga] fuerat de progenie trium regum, qui uenerunt natiuitatem domini adorare" ("For he was a descendant of the Three Kings who came to the Nativity to adore the Lord").
