Nambaryn Enkhbayar

This is a Mongolian name. The given name is Enkhbayar, and the name Nambar is a patronymic, not a family name.

Nambaryn Enkhbayar ᠨᠠᠮᠪᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠨᠬᠡᠪᠠᠶᠠᠷ
23rd General Secretary of the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party
In office 6 June 1997 – 22 November 2005
President	Punsalmaagiin Ochirbat (until 1997) Natsagiin Bagabandi (until 2005) Himself
Premier	Mendsaikhany Enkhsaikhan (until 1998) Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj (until 1998) Janlavyn Narantsatsralt (until 1999) Rinchinnyamyn Amarjargal (until 2000) Himself (until 2004) Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj
Preceded by	Natsagiin Bagabandi
Succeeded by	Miyeegombyn Enkhbold
21st General Secretary of the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party
In office 5 October 1996 – 7 February 1997
President	Punsalmaagiin Ochirbat
Premier	Mendsaikhany Enkhsaikhan
Preceded by	Bydragchaagiyn Dash-Yondon
Succeeded by	Natsagiin Bagabandi
President of Mongolia
In office 24 June 2005 – 18 June 2009
Prime Minister	Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj Miyeegombyn Enkhbold Sanjaagiin Bayar
General Secretary	Himself Miyeegombyn Enkhbold Sanjaagiin Bayar
Preceded by	Natsagiin Bagabandi
Succeeded by	Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj
Prime Minister of Mongolia
In office 26 July 2000 – 20 August 2004
President	Natsagiin Bagabandi
General Secretary	Himself
Preceded by	Rinchinnyamyn Amarjargal
Succeeded by	Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj
Personal details
Born	1 June 1958 (1958-06-01) Ulan Bator, Mongolia
Political party	MPRP
Spouse(s)	Onongiin Tsolmon

Nambaryn Enkhbayar with Vladimir Putin in 2005.

Nambaryn Enkhbayar (Mongolian: Намбарын Энхбаяр, ᠨᠠᠮᠪᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠨᠬᠡᠪᠠᠶᠠᠷ; born 1 June 1958 in Ulan Bator) is a Mongolian political figure. He was the Prime Minister of Mongolia from 2000 to 2004, the Speaker of Parliament from 2004 to 2005, and the President of Mongolia from 2005 to 2009. He is succeeded by then the opposition leader Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj with a narrow loss (3.8% as reported by General Election Commission of Mongolia (official website)) in the 2009 presidential election. Nambaryn Enkhbayar is the first politician in Mongolia who served for the Government as the President, the Prime Minister and the Speaker of the Parliament. (for more information refer to Encyclodaedia Britannica)

Education and early life

Born on 1 June 1958 in Mongolia's capital city Ulan Bator, Nambaryn Enkhbayar graduated from secondary school in 1975 and went on to study at the Moscow Institute of Literature in 1980 where he earned an undergraduate degree in literature and language, and also attended English language courses at Leeds University in England in 1985 to 1986. Upon moving back to Ulan Bator, Enkhbayar worked for the Mongolian Writer's Union from 1980 to 1990 as a translator-editor, a secretary general and a vice president. He translated Buddhist teachings into Mongolian. He served for the top post at the Association of Mongolian Writers by 1990, the same year in which the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party relinquished control and multiparty elections were held that July for the first time in Mongolian history. Enkhbayar, a Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party(MPRP) member, became part of the new political order, serving as a vice chair of a government arts committee for the first two years of democratic rule.

Political career

Enkhbayar was elected as a member of the State Great Khural (the Mongolian parliament) in 1992 and served as Minister of Culture from 1992 to 1996. He left the latter post when the MPRP lost the 1996 general election. In 1997, he was elected as the Chairman of Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party and immediately introduced an ideology of social democratic progressive politics during the XXII Party Congress, which was held in February. He is credited with the revitalization of his party.^{[citation needed]} Under his leadership, MPRP became a member of the Socialist International, an international Institution of 162 political parties and organisations from all continents. He led his party to victory in 2000 elections, in a landslide election, winning 72 out of 76 seats. On 26 July 2000, he was unanimously elected as the Prime minister in the Parliament. Now in control of the parliament again, Enkhbayar began an ambitious project to improve the infrastructure of his country^{[citation needed]} and encourage foreign investment^{[citation needed]}. These included the new Millennium Road^{[citation needed]}, the first to traverse Mongolia's 600,000-square-mile (1,600,000 km²) territory from east to west^{[citation needed]}. His party lost almost half of its seats in the 2004 election to the Motherland Democratic Coalition, and in August 2004, he entered a coalition with opposition parties and became the Speaker of Parliament.

While serving as Prime Minister, Enkhbayar successfully settled Mongolia's debt to the former Soviet Union.^{[citation needed]}

He entered the race for president in the spring of 2005, and his campaign reached the grassroots and the herder families, despite the sparsely populated country, where even permanent settlements are often spaced miles away from one another. Later that year, he welcomed U.S. President George W. Bush for an official visit, the first one ever of a sitting U.S. President to the country. In the 22 May 2005 presidential election, Enkhbayar was elected to succeed Natsagiin Bagabandi with 53.4 percent of the vote. His main rival, Mendsaikhany Enkhsaikhan of the Mongolian Democratic Party, collected 20 percent of the vote.

2008 state of emergency

During the 2008 post-election riots, which created a chaos in the capital city, a four-day state of emergency was declared by the President Enkhbayar following the heated discussions in the National Security Council to prevent the country from further disturbance.

Erdeniin Bat-Üül, a prominent Democratic Party figure, in an interview on July 4 called the imposition of a state of emergency "the right thing to do at the time". He criticized Enkhbayar for showing poor leadership at a time when "the city was burning".

2009 Presidential elections defeat

In the 2009 presidential election, Enkhbayar was narrowly defeated by Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj.

External links

• President of Mongolia Official site

Party political offices
Preceded by Bydragchaagiyn Dash-Yondon	General Secretary of the Communist Party of Mongolia 1996–1997	Succeeded by Natsagiin Bagabandi
Preceded by Natsagiin Bagabandi	General Secretary of the Communist Party of Mongolia 1997–2005	Succeeded by Miyeegombyn Enkhbold
Political offices
Preceded by Rinchinnyamyn Amarjargal	Prime Minister of Mongolia 2000–2004	Succeeded by Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj
Preceded by Natsagiin Bagabandi	President of Mongolia 2005–2009	Succeeded by Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj