Namma Metro

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Namma Metro
ನಮ್ಮ ಮೆಟ್ರೊ
Namma metro.png
Background
Locale Bangalore, Karnataka
Transit type Rapid transit
Number of lines 1
2 (Phase I)[1]
4 (Phase II)
Number of stations 6
41 (Phase I)[1]
Daily ridership 41,390[2]
Chief executive N. Sivasailam, MD
Headquarters BMTC Complex, Shanthinagar, Bangalore
Website bmrc.co.in
Operation
Began operation October 20, 2011 (2011-10-20)
Operator(s) Bangalore Metro Rail Corporation Ltd. (BMRCL)
Train length 3 coaches
Headway 10 - 15 minutes
Technical
System length 42.3 kilometres (26.3 mi) (Phase I)[1]
114.39 kilometres (71.08 mi) (Phase II)
Track gauge 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 1⁄2 in) Standard gauge
Electrification Third rail 750V DC
Average speed 32 km/h (20 mph)
Top speed 80 km/h (50 mph)
Namma Metro map

Bangalore metro map14.png

Namma Metro (Kannada: ನಮ್ಮ ಮೆಟ್ರೊ Our metro), also known as Bangalore Metro (Kannada: ಬೆಂಗಳೂರು ಮೆಟ್ರೊ), is a rapid transit rail system for the city of Bangalore, Karnataka, India. The agency responsible for its implementation is the Bangalore Metro Rail Corporation Ltd (BMRCL). The first stretch between Baiyyappanahalli and M.G. Road was inaugurated on October 20, 2011.[3]

Contents

[edit] History

[edit] Background

Although mass transit for Bangalore had been in consideration for over two decades, the final approval on a scheme that incorporated the expertise of Delhi Metro Rail Corporation (DMRC) and the Indian Government-owned RITES Limited infrastructure and transport consultancy did not come until April 2006. The rationale for the metro includes reduced journey times, cutting fuel use, accident reduction and lower pollution.

A detailed project report prepared by the Delhi Metro Rail Corporation (DMRC) and RITES envisaged a 33 km (21 mi) elevated and underground rail network with 32 stations for Phase I of the project. The proposed gauge was standard gauge unlike the broad gauge on the Delhi Metro network.

Construction work for Phase I of the project was scheduled to start in 2005 but was delayed by a February 2006 change of government in Karnataka and continued debate over whether the project was financially feasible and appropriate for the city. Finally, on 25 April 2006 the Indian Cabinet approved the project, which was then budgeted at more than INR5,400 crore (US$1.19 billion) (Later revised to INR11,609 crore (US$2.55 billion) for Phase I).[4] In 2006, Navayuga Engineering was awarded the contract to construct Reach 1 of the East-West corridor.[5]

The foundation stone for the Phase I construction was laid by Prime Minister Manmohan Singh on June 24, 2006,[6] and civil construction on the line between M.G. Road and Baiyyappanahalli commenced on April 15, 2007.[7]

The Namma Metro project was originally scheduled to be launched in March 2010. After the deadline was missed, the Bangalore Metro Rail Corporation Ltd (BMRCL) shifted the deadline to December 31, 2010. It was again changed to April 4, 2011 and then the date of inauguration was set at 15 September 2011. The next deadline set was 26 September 2011 which was also missed. The metro was finally opened for public on 20 October 2011 at 4pm IST by Union Urban Development Minister Kamal Nath.[8]

There was a overwhelming response once the metro was thrown out to the public. As per BMRCL sources within first 3 days of Bangalore Metro launch 1,69,019 people used this mass transit system.[2] At the end of 4th day about 2 lakhs passengers had already commuted in Namma Metro. Namma Metro's first 12-day cumulative revenue was INR1 crore (US$220,000).[9]

[edit] Construction

[edit] Phase I

Phase I spans a length of 42.3km and consists of 2 lines:[10]

Line Elevated Length (km) Underground Length (km) Total Length (km) Stations
Purple Line 13.22 4.88 18.10 17
Green Line 20.20 4 24.20 24
Total 33.42 8.88 42.30 41

Implementation of the elevated parts of Phase I has been divided into 4 "reaches" and 2 underground sections. The schedule for completion of Phase I is as follows:

Reach Terminals Opening date
Reach-1 (east) Baiyyappanahalli M.G. Road 20 October 2011[8]
Reach-2 (west) Mysore Road Magadi Road November 2012[11]
Underground Section (east to west) Minsk Square Magadi Road August 2012
Reach-3 (north) Swastik Yeswanthpur August 2012[11]
Reach-3A (north) Yeswanthpur Peenya Industrial Area December 2012
Reach-3B (north) Peenya Village Station Hessarghatta Cross Station August 2013
Underground Section (north to south) Swastik K.R.Market (City Market) December 2013
Reach-4 (south) K.R. Road R.V. Road December 2013
Reach-4A (south) R.V.Road Puttenahalli December 2013

In 2007, BMRCL announced that it would incorporate a northern extension (from Yeshwantpur to Hessarghatta Cross) and part of the southern extension (from RV Road to Puttenahalli) in Phase I, thus extending the length of Phase I network to about 42 km (26 mi), with 40 stations. The objective of this was to connect the metro to the Outer Ring Road at both ends, and also cover the industrial areas of Peenya in the north-west, thereby providing better connectivity and increasing ridership.[citation needed] In October 2008, the Government of Karnataka approved this extension, which would cost an additional INR1,592 crore (US$350.24 million).[12]

The Green line (Reach 3,3A & 3B) is scheduled to be thrown open to the public by the end of 2012. The remaining elevated sections of Purple Line (Reach 2) and Green Line (Reach 4) are scheduled to be completed by March–June, 2013. They would be opened to the public only after the completion of the underground stretches of the network. The underground stretches will become operational by the end of 2014.[13]

[edit] Phase II

The detailed project report (DPR) for Phase II was prepared by the Delhi Metro Rail Corporation.[14] The high power committee (HPC), in July 2011, gave in-principle clearance to proceed with Phase II.[15] The Karnataka government gave in-principle approval to Phase II of the Namma Metro project on 21 February 2012.[16] The Union Urban Development Ministry is expected to clear it by June 2012.[17][18] The estimated total cost for Phase II is around Template:INRconvert[19]. Phase II covers a span of 72.095 km and adds 61 stations to the network. It is expected to reduce road traffic by 35%. Construction of the second phase will be taken up in 2014 after completing the first phase by 2013 and it will be opened for service from 2017.[20]

Phase II consists of extensions of all four reaches of the Metro and 2 new lines.[21]

New Lines

The RV Road to Bommasandra line, on the outskirts of the city, will have 16 stations -- RV Road, Ragigudda temple, Jayadeva Hospital, BTM Layout, Silk Board Junction, HSR Layout, Oxford College, Muneshwara Block, Chikkabegur, Basapura Road, Hosur Road, Electronic City-1, Electronic City-2, Huskur Road, Hebbagodi and Bommasandra. The cost of this route is pegged at INR5,744 crore (US$1.26 billion).

The one between Gottigere-IIM-B and Nagavara will have 18 stations with six elevated and 12 underground stations. The elevated stations include Gottigere, Hulimavu, IIM-B, JP Nagar 4th Phase, Jayadeva Hospital and Swagath Road Cross. The 12 underground stations will be constructed near Dairy Circle, Mico Bosch, Langford Town, Vellara Junction, MG Road, Shivajinagar, Cantonment railway station, Pottery Town, Tannery Road, Venkateshpura, Arabic College and Nagavara. The estimated cost of this corridor is INR11,014 crore (US$2.42 billion).

Extensions

Byappanahalli to International Technology Park Ltd -- Whitefield (extension of east-west line). This corridor has 14 stations -- Jyothipuram, KR Puram, Narayanapura, Mahadevapura, Garudacharpalya, Doddanakundi, Visvesvaraya Industrial Estate, Kundalahalli, Vaidehi Hospital, Satyasai Medical Institute, ITPL, Kadugodi, Ujwala Vidyalaya and Whitefield

Mysore Road terminal to Kengeri (extension of east-west line). This corridor has five stations. Nayandahalli, Rajarajeshwari Nagar, Bangalore University Cross, RV College of Engineering and Kengeri

Hesaraghatta Cross to Bangalore International Exhibition Centre (BIEC) on Tumkur Road (extension of north-south line). This has three stations. Manjunathanagar, Jindal and BIEC terminal. The BMRC has asked BIEC to share the cost as it would be the main beneficiary of this extension

Puttenahalli Cross to Anjanapura township, up to NICE crossing (extension of north-south line). This corridor has five stations. Anjanapura Road Cross, Krishnaleela Park (Iskcon), Vajarahalli, Talaghattapura and Anjana township.


Line Terminals Length New Stations Cost
■ Purple Line Mysore Road – Kengeri 6.465 km 5
■ Purple Line Baiyyappanahalli – Whitefield 15.50 km 14
■ Green Line Puttenahalli – Anjanapura 6.29 km 5
■ Green Line Hesaraghatta cross – BIEC 3.77 km 3
■ Line 3 R V Road – Bommasandra 18.80 km 16 Template:INRconvert
■ Line 4 Gottigere - Nagavara 21.25 km 18 Template:INRconvert

[22]

[edit] High-speed rail link

There is also a project to build a 35 km line known as Bangalore High-Speed Rail Link to the Bengaluru International Airport, probably starting at Cubbon Road.[23] Previously there was plan for an independent body but later on it was decided that BMRC will manage this project.[24]

[edit] Network

Main article: List of Namma Metro stations

Namma Metro is being built in phases. Phase I of Namma Metro covers a total of 42.30 km and will be completed by the end of 2014. Phase II spans a length of 72.1km.

Line First operational Last Extension Stations Length
(km)		 Terminals
     Purple Line October 20, 2011 36 40.1 Whitefield Kengeri
     Green Line 32 34.3 BIEC Anjanapura
Line 3 16 18.8 R V Road Bommasandra
Line 4 18 21.2 Gottigere Nagavara

[edit] Purple Line

Main article: Purple Line (Namma Metro)

The Purple Line was the first line of the Metro to be opened and will connect Baiyappanahalli in the east to Mysore Road in the west, covering a distance of 18.1 kilometres (11.2 mi). It is partly elevated, partly underground and has one station at grade. The inauguration of the first stretch between Baiyappanahalli and M.G. Road was on October 20, 2011.

[edit] Green Line

Main article: Green Line (Namma Metro)

The Green Line will be the second line of the Metro to be opened and will connect Nagasandra in the north to Putenhalli in the south, covering a distance of 24.2 kilometres (15.0 mi). It is partly elevated, partly underground and has one station at grade. The first stretch to open will be the 9.9km long Reach 3 and Reach 3A. The stretch connects Swastik to Peenya Industrial Area.[25]

[edit] Finances

[edit] Funding

The Union Cabinet approved Phase I of the Namma Metro in April 2006 when it was estimated to cost INR5,400 crore (US$1.19 billion). The cost escalated to INR11,609 crore (US$2.55 billion) as various problems delayed the completion.[26]

BMRCL received INR700 crore (US$154 million) from Housing and Urban Development Corporation (HUDCO), INR250 million (US$5.5 million) from the Asian Development Bank (ADB), 23% from the Central Government, 33% from the Karnataka State Government and the rest as a INR4,905 crore (US$1.08 billion) loan from the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA).[27][28]

On 3 January 2012, the Karnataka government approved a budget of INR27,000 crore for Phase II of Namma Metro project. It was initially expected to cost around INR25,000 crore (US$5.5 billion).[29]

[edit] Revenues and Profits

During the first month, since the opening of Reach I, about 13.25 lakh people have rode the metro.[30] On average, 41,390 people took the train every day, while the average daily revenue was INR6,67,262. The BMRC has earned a revenue of INR2.1 crore (US$462,000) in its first month of operation.[31]

[edit] Infrastructure

A Purple Line train at Baiyappanahalli.
Interior of the Metro coach on inauguration day.
MG Road Station at night

[edit] Rolling stock

The specification for rolling stock is based on stainless steel-bodied three-car formations, a trailer between two motored driving units. Internal wide gangways provide ease of passenger movement and assist in load distribution. Trains are air-conditioned throughout with designated space for disability access. Although with many automated functions, trains are under driver control.

The capacity per train is approximately 1,000 through longitudinal seating, giving a high proportion of the floor area to standing passengers. The maximum attainable speed is 80 km/h (50 mph).[32]

Initially the bids by Bombardier and Siemens, Alstom Projects India Ltd and consortium comprising BEML, Mitsubishi and Hyundai Rotem were shortlisted to supply the rolling stock and coaches. In February 2009, the BEML-led consortium was awarded the contract to supply 150 coaches and rolling stock for the first phase of the project. While Mitsubishi would supply the traction for the coaches, Hyundai Rotem would supply the rolling stock and BEML would supply the coaches for Phase I.[33]

The first trainset made a trial run in December 2010.[34]

[edit] Power supply

The power for the system is 750 V DC bottom contact third rail supply. In December 2009, the ABB Group was awarded the contract to provide power solutions for the first phase of the planned metro network. ABB will design, supply, install and commission four substations that receive and distribute electricity, each rated at 66/33 kV, as well as the auxiliary and traction substations. ABB will also provide an integrated network management, or SCADA (Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition), system to monitor and control the installations.[35]

[edit] Signaling and Communications

The integrated control centre at Byappanahalli has direct communication with trains and stations are CCTV fitted with visual and audio service information.[36] Passengers have emergency voice communication with train staff.

In September 2009, the consortium led by Alstom Project India Limited were awarded a contract worth Rs. 563.4 crore (US$ 123.9 million) to supply control and signaling system for the first phase of the project. The consortium is led by Alstom and composed of Alstom Transport SA, Thales Security Solutions & Services Portugal and Sumitomo Corporation. Alstom will provide the design, manufacture, supply, installing, testing and commissioning of the train control and signaling system for Phase I of the metro system. It includes the Urbalis 200 Automatic Train Control system which will ensure optimal safety, flexible operations and heightened passenger comfort.[37][38]

[edit] Facilities and Services

All the Metro trains are Wi-Fi enabled (the first metro in India to have this feature), so passengers can use laptops, tablets as well as mobile internet. Passengers also have emergency voice communication with train staff through a speaker system. Passengers are provided with a call button to communicate anything to the driver or control center during an emergency.[36]

Metro stations will have Powerheart Automated external defibrillator (AED) to protect its commuters against death from sudden cardiac arrest.[39] Powerheart AED is used for emergency treatment of victims exhibiting symptoms of sudden cardiac arrest. The installation of AEDs will be followed by a certified training for a group of staff members of BMRC. The devices are manufactured by Opto Circuits (India) Ltd.[40]

[edit] Safety

Anti-derailing

There are two levels of protection built to prevent derailment. BMRCL has installed derailment protection guards to prevent wheels straying from the track. Even if there is slight straying, the protection system will ensure the wheels move in a small space and pathway between the rail and derailment guard and come to a halt immediately within that space. The guard prevents the train from moving forward, forces it to a halt and prevents it from careening over. The second protection is anti-capsize concrete protection walls to prevent the train from falling off the viaduct. The walls have been designed to ensure the train is retained within the viaduct.[41]

Anti-collision

BMRCL has installed the Automatic Train Protection System to ensure this does not happen. The system automatically senses if there is any object/train on the track ahead and activates the brakes even if the driver doesn't . The train comes to a halt a safe distance from the object/train ahead even if it is running at full speed.[41]

To prevent overspeeding

The Automatic Train Protection and Operation System prescribes speeds from section to section, straight paths and curves, and if the train exceeds the speed limit, the brakes come on automatically.[41]

Earthquake proofing

The pillars have been built to last 100–120 years. They have been tested for the highest braking, temperature, wind, pressure and fatigue, and built to withstand quakes of Zone 3 type, though Bangalore falls in Zone 2 type. Every pier, pillar and concrete structure has 10% more strength than the designed or original strength. The design meets Indian earthquake standards.[41]

[edit] Rainwater Harvesting

BMRCL plans to tap the rainwater collected on its elevated corridor network. It wants the project to be executed under a public-private partnership. The viaduct is supported by concrete piers at an average distance of 28m. These columns have pipes that will collect the rain Bangalore receives between July and November every year. BMRCL said the water thus collected will be clean as the viaduct itself is regularly cleaned. There is no oil pollution on the viaduct. Since the coaches are closed, so there's no chance littering on the tracks.

The selected private partner will have to harvest the rainwater in collection tanks at convenient points, treat the water and supply the potable water on commercial terms to bulk consumers. Upon selection, the concessionaire will have to design and erect the rainwater harvest system, treat the rainwater and to sell it for a period of 15 years.[42]

[edit] Operations

[edit] Fares

The minimum fare is INR10 and maximum fare of INRRs 15 for Reach-1.[43]

[edit] Ticketing

The obverse of an entry token issued

Namma Metro uses Contactless Smart Tokens and Contactless smart card.[44] Tokens are available only for single journey. A person can buy up to 6 tokens for additional five passengers and himself.

There are 4 types of smart cards available on the metro – Varshik, Sanchar, Saral and Saraag.[45]

  • Varshik is priced at INR100 and the smart card can then be recharged from INR50 to up to INR1,500. It has a one-year validity, with a 15% discount on travel fares.
  • Sanchar is based on number of trips. It is available in denominations of INR10, INR40, INR50 and INR100.
  • Saral is priced at INR70. It allows a day's travel in non-A/C buses of BMTC and the metro.
  • Saraag is priced at INR110. It allows a day's travel in BMTC A/C buses and the metro.

MIFARE DESFire platform, developed by NXP Semiconductors, has been selected to manage Automated Fare Collection (AFC) in the Namma Metro.[46]

[edit] Frequency

The metro service runs between 0600 and 2200 hours. There are trains every 15 minutes between 0600 and 0800, 10 minutes between 0800 and 2000, and 15 minutes between 2000 and 2200.[47] The frequency is slated to increase to once every three minutes by 2021. The travel time from end to end on the Purple Line will be 33 minutes, and on the Green Line will be 44 minutes. The system is designed for a maximum train speed of 80 kmph.

[edit] Ridership

The system has been designed for a capacity of 40,000 PHPDT (Peak Hour Peak Direction Travels). The number of daily passengers expected to travel on the metro is estimated at 1.6 million in 2021. The ridership for Reach-1 is estimated at 25,000 persons every day.[48]

[edit] Baggage Rules

The Bangalore Metro Rail (Carriage and Ticket) Rules 2011 limit the weight of personal baggage to 15 kg. Rule 3 says: “No person shall, while travelling in metro railway, carry with him any goods other than a small baggage containing personal belongings not exceeding 60cm x 45cm x 25cm in size and 15kg in weight, except with the prior approval of the metro railway administration.”

The rules also restrict carrying explosive substances, gases, petroleum and other inflammable liquids, inflammable solids and poisonous substances.[49]

[edit] Security

Currently baggage is manually searched by security guards hired by BMRCL. Bangalore City Police are in charge of external security of metro installations. Plans are underway to install three baggage scanners each at Baiyappanahalli, Swami Vivekananda Road and Indiranagar stations and two each at M.G. Road, Trinity and Halasuru stations. There are attendants and multiple security guards on each platform, and photography is strictly prohibited.[50]

[edit] Gallery

  • The Baiyyappanahalli Terminal under construction

  • Completed section of the purple line towards Baiyyappanahalli

  • Namma Metro Bangalore.jpg

[edit] See also

Portal icon Bangalore portal
Portal icon Railways in India portal
Metro systems
In operation
Under construction
Planned
Monorail systems
Under construction
Planned
Elevated rail systems
In operation
Planned

[edit] References

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  21. ^ Byappanahalli to International Technology Park Ltd -- Whitefield (extension of east-west line). This corridor has 14 stations -- Jyothipuram, KR Puram, Narayanapura, Mahadevapura, Garudacharpalya, Doddanakundi, Visvesvaraya Industrial Estate, Kundalahalli, Vaidehi Hospital, Satyasai Medical Institute, ITPL, Kadugodi, Ujwala Vidyalaya and Whitefield Mysore Road terminal to Kengeri (extension of east-west line). This corridor has five stations. Nayandahalli, Rajarajeshwari Nagar, Bangalore University Cross, RV College of Engineering and Kengeri Hesaraghatta Cross to Bangalore International Exhibition Centre (BIEC) on Tumkur Road (extension of north-south line). This has three stations. Manjunathanagar, Jindal and BIEC terminal. The BMRC has asked BIEC to share the cost as it would be the main beneficiary of this extension Puttenahalli Cross to Anjanapura township, up to NICE crossing (extension of north-south line). This corridor has five stations. Anjanapura Road Cross, Krishnaleela Park (Iskcon), Vajarahalli, Talaghattapura and Anjana township
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