National conservatism
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National conservatism is a political term used primarily in Europe to describe a variant of conservatism which concentrates more on national interests than standard conservatism as well as upholding cultural and ethnic identity,[1] while not being outspokenly nationalist or supporting a far-right approach. In Europe, national conservatives are usually eurosceptics.[2][3]
National conservatism is related to social conservatism:[1] national conservative parties are "socially traditional",[2] i.e. they support traditional family and social stability.[4] According to one Sieglinde Rosenberger, "national conservatism praises the family as a home and a centre of identity, solidarity and emotion."[4] Many national conservatives are thus social conservatives, as well as in favour of limiting immigration and enacting law-and-order policies.[2]
According to V.C. Mandal, "besides those common elements, national conservatives may hold different views in different countries, depending on local factors. This is particularly true in the case of economic issues, where the views of national conservatives can range anywhere between support for a planned economy to advocating a centrist mixed economy to upholding a laissez-faire economy."[1] In the first, more common, case, national conservatives can be distinguished from economic/fiscal conservatives,[5] for whom free market economic policies, deregulation and fiscal conservatism are the main priorities. Some commentators have indeed identified a growing gap between national and economic conservatism: "most parties of the Right [today] are run by economic conservatives who, in varying degrees, have marginalized social, cultural, and national conservatives."[5]
National conservatism is also related to traditionalist conservatism.
Contents |
National conservative parties [edit]
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National conservative parties in Europe [edit]
Parties and elections in Europe identifies the following parties exclusively as national conservative:
Albania — Republican Party of Albania[6]
Bulgaria — Order, Law and Justice[7]
Cyprus - Fighting Democratic Movement[8]
Estonia — Conservative People's Party of Estonia[9]
Italy - Brothers of Italy – National Centre-right[10]
Lithuania — Order and Justice[11]
Luxembourg — Alternative Democratic Reform Party[12]
San Marino — San Marinese People[13]
Serbia — Serbian Progressive Party[14]
Slovakia — People's Party - Movement for a Democratic Slovakia[15]
Sweden — Sweden Democrats[16]
European parties with national conservative elements [edit]
Parties and elections in Europe identifies the following parties as having national conservative elements (the main party ideology is in bold):
Austria — Alliance for the Future of Austria (Right-wing populism; National conservatism)[17]
Croatia — Croatian Democratic Union (HDZ) (Christian democracy; National conservatism)[18]
Denmark — Danish People's Party (Right-wing populism; National conservatism)[19]
Finland — True Finns (National conservatism; Right-wing populism, Agrarianism)[20]
France — Movement for France (National conservatism; Social conservatism)[21]
Latvia — National Alliance (Nationalism; National conservatism), For Fatherland and Freedom/LNNK (Nationalism; National conservatism)[22]
Netherlands — Party for Freedom (Right-wing populism; National conservatism)[23]
Poland — Law and Justice (National conservatism; Christian democracy, Social conservatism),[24]- Serbia — Democratic Party of Serbia (National conservatism; Christian democracy)[25]
Switzerland — Swiss People's Party (National conservatism; Economic liberalism, Right-wing populism), Federal Democratic Union (Christian right; National conservatism, Social conservatism)[26]
United Kingdom — UK Independence Party (Euroscepticism; Economic liberalism, National conservatism, Right-wing populism), Democratic Unionist Party (Northern Ireland) (Unionism; National conservatism, Social conservatism, Evangelicalism) [27]
See also [edit]
References [edit]
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This article needs additional citations for verification. (May 2011) |
- ^ a b c Mandal, V.C. (2007). Dictionary Of Public Administration. Sarup & Sons. p. 306. ISBN 978-81-7625-784-8.
- ^ a b c http://www.parties-and-elections.eu/content.html
- ^ Traynor, Ian, The EU's weary travellers The Guardian, April 4, 2006
- ^ a b Rosenberger, Sieglinde, Europe is swinging towards the right - What are the effects on women?, University of Vienna, 2002. Retrieved 6 December 2010.
- ^ a b National Questions, National Review, Vol. 49, Issue 12, June 30, 1997, pp. 16-17
- ^ http://www.parties-and-elections.eu/albania.html
- ^ http://www.parties-and-elections.eu/bulgaria.html
- ^ http://www.parties-and-elections.eu/cyprus.html
- ^ http://www.parties-and-elections.eu/estonia.html
- ^ www.fratelli-italia.it
- ^ http://www.parties-and-elections.eu/lithuania.html
- ^ http://www.parties-and-elections.eu/luxembourg.html
- ^ http://www.parties-and-elections.eu/sanmarino.html
- ^ http://www.parties-and-elections.eu/serbia.html
- ^ http://www.parties-and-elections.eu/slovakia.html
- ^ http://www.parties-and-elections.eu/sweden.html
- ^ http://www.parties-and-elections.eu/austria.html
- ^ http://www.parties-and-elections.eu/croatia.html
- ^ http://www.parties-and-elections.eu/denmark.html
- ^ http://www.parties-and-elections.eu/finland.html
- ^ http://www.parties-and-elections.eu/france.html
- ^ http://www.parties-and-elections.eu/latvia.html
- ^ http://www.parties-and-elections.eu/netherlands.html
- ^ http://www.parties-and-elections.eu/poland.html
- ^ http://www.parties-and-elections.eu/serbia.html
- ^ http://www.parties-and-elections.eu/switzerland.html
- ^ http://www.parties-and-elections.eu/unitedkingdom.html
