Threadfin bream

Threadfin breams
Double whiptail, Pentapodus emeryii
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Actinopterygii
Order:	Perciformes
Family:	Nemipteridae
Genera
Nemipterus Parascolopsis Pentapodus Scaevius Scolopsis See text for species.

The threadfin breams are a family, Nemipteridae, of fishes in the order Perciformes. They are also known as whiptail breams and false snappers.

They are found in tropical waters of the Indian and western Pacific Oceans. Most species are benthic (bottom-feeding) carnivorous, eating small fishes, cephalopods, crustaceans and polychaetes; however, a few species eat plankton.

Species

There are about sixty species in five genera:

• Genus Nemipterus Swainson, 1839
  • Yellow-lip threadfin bream, Nemipterus aurifilum (Ogilby, 1910).
  • Dawn threadfin bream, Nemipterus aurorus Russell, 1993.
  • Balinese threadfin bream, Nemipterus balinensis (Bleeker, 1859).
  • Dwarf threadfin bream, Nemipterus balinensoides (Popta, 1918).
  • Yellowbelly threadfin bream, Nemipterus bathybius Snyder, 1911.
  • Delagoa threadfin bream, Nemipterus bipunctatus (Valenciennes, 1830).
  • Celebes threadfin bream, Nemipterus celebicus (Bleeker, 1854).
  • Fork-tailed threadfin bream, Nemipterus furcosus (Valenciennes, 1830).
  • Graceful threadfin bream, Nemipterus gracilis (Bleeker, 1873).
  • Ornate threadfin bream, Nemipterus hexodon (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824).
  • Teardrop threadfin bream, Nemipterus isacanthus (Bleeker, 1873).
  • Japanese threadfin bream, Nemipterus japonicus (Bloch, 1793).
  • Red filament threadfin bream, Nemipterus marginatus (Valenciennes, 1830).
  • Mauvelip threadfin bream, Nemipterus mesoprion (Bleeker, 1853).
  • Doublewhip threadfin bream, Nemipterus nematophorus (Bleeker, 1853).
  • Yellow-tipped threadfin bream, Nemipterus nematopus (Bleeker, 1851).
  • Redspine threadfin bream, Nemipterus nemurus (Bleeker, 1857).
  • Notchedfin threadfin bream, Nemipterus peronii (Valenciennes, 1830).
  • Randall's threadfin bream, Nemipterus randalli Russell, 1986.
  • Fivelined threadfin bream, Nemipterus tambuloides (Bleeker, 1853).
  • Theodore's threadfin bream, Nemipterus theodorei Ogilby, 1916.
  • Palefin threadfin bream, Nemipterus thosaporni Russell, 1991.
  • Golden threadfin bream, Nemipterus virgatus (Houttuyn, 1782).
  • Fiji threadfin bream, Nemipterus vitiensis Russell, 1990.
  • Slender threadfin bream, Nemipterus zysron (Bleeker, 1857).
• Genus Parascolopsis Boulenger, 1901
  • Smooth dwarf monocle bream, Parascolopsis aspinosa (Rao & Rao, 1981).
  • Parascolopsis baranesi Russell & Golani, 1993.
  • Redfin dwarf monocle bream, Parascolopsis boesemani (Rao & Rao, 1981).
  • Parascolopsis capitinis Russell, 1996.
  • Rosy dwarf monocle bream, Parascolopsis eriomma (Jordan & Richardson, 1909).
  • Unarmed dwarf monocle bream, Parascolopsis inermis (Temminck & Schlegel, 1843).
  • Dwarf monocle bream, Parascolopsis melanophrys Russell & Chin, 1996.
  • Slender dwarf monocle bream, Parascolopsis qantasi Russell & Gloerfelt-Tarp, 1984.
  • Red-spot dwarf monocle bream, Parascolopsis rufomaculatus Russell, 1986.
  • Long-rayed dwarf monocle bream, Parascolopsis tanyactis Russell, 1986.
  • Tosa dwarf monocle bream, Parascolopsis tosensis (Kamohara, 1938).
  • Scaly dwarf monocle bream, Parascolopsis townsendi Boulenger, 1901.
• Genus Pentapodus Quoy and Gaimard, 1824
  • Pentapodus aureofasciatus Russell, 2001.
  • White-shouldered whiptail, Pentapodus bifasciatus (Bleeker, 1848).
  • Small-toothed whiptail, Pentapodus caninus (Cuvier, 1830).
  • Double whiptail, Pentapodus emeryii (Richardson, 1843).
  • Japanese whiptail, Pentapodus nagasakiensis (Tanaka, 1915).
  • Paradise whiptail, Pentapodus paradiseus (Günther, 1859).
  • Northwest Australian whiptail, Pentapodus porosus (Valenciennes, 1830).
  • Butterfly whiptail, Pentapodus setosus (Valenciennes, 1830).
  • Three-striped whiptail, Pentapodus trivittatus (Bloch, 1791).
  • Striped whiptail, Pentapodus vitta Quoy & Gaimard, 1824.
• Genus Scaevius Whitley, 1947
  • Green-striped coral bream, Scaevius milii (Bory de Saint-Vincent, 1823).
• Genus Scolopsis Cuvier, 1814
  • Peters' monocle bream, Scolopsis affinis Peters, 1877.
  • Yellowstripe monocle bream, Scolopsis aurata (Park, 1797).
  • Two-lined monocle bream, Scolopsis bilineata (Bloch, 1793).
  • Thumbprint monocle bream, Scolopsis bimaculatus Rüppell, 1828.
  • Saw-jawed monocle bream, Scolopsis ciliata (Lacépède, 1802).
  • Bridled monocle bream, Scolopsis frenatus (Günther, 1859).
  • Arabian monocle bream, Scolopsis ghanam (Forsskål, 1775).
  • Striped monocle bream, Scolopsis lineata Quoy & Gaimard, 1824.
  • Pearly monocle bream, Scolopsis margaritifera (Cuvier, 1830).
  • Monogrammed monocle bream, Scolopsis monogramma (Cuvier, 1830).
  • Black-streaked monocle bream, Scolopsis taeniatus (Cuvier, 1830).
  • Lattice monocle bream, Scolopsis taenioptera (Valenciennes, 1830).
  • Bald-spot monocle bream, Scolopsis temporalis (Cuvier, 1830).
  • Three-lined monocle bream, Scolopsis trilineata Kner, 1868.
  • Whitecheek monocle bream, Scolopsis vosmeri (Bloch, 1792).
  • Oblique-barred monocle bream, Scolopsis xenochrous Günther, 1872.

References

• Froese, Rainer, and Daniel Pauly, eds. (2006). "Nemipteridae" in FishBase. March 2006 version.