Niani, Mali Empire
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Niani was the capital city of the medieval Mali Empire, located south of the Sahara Desert. There are at least two cities in modern-day Mali named Niani, but neither are the former capitals of the great empire. Instead, the Niani of historic fame is actually in the country of Guinea to Mali's southwest. Mali ruler Sundiata (r. ca. 1230-1255 C.E.) founded his capital at Niani, making it an important financial and trading center. It was located near the Bure goldfields, a significant resource that led to the rise and wealth of the Mali empire.
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