Nitrofuran

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Nitrofurans are a class of drugs typically used as antibiotics or antimicrobials. The defining structural component is a furan ring with a nitro group.

Members of this class of drugs include:

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Antifolates
(inhibits
purine metabolism,
thereby inhibiting
DNA and RNA synthesis)

Short- acting	Sulfaisodimidine Sulfamethizole Sulfadimidine Sulfapyridine Sulfafurazole Sulfanilamide Prontosil Sulfathiazole Sulfathiourea

Intermediate- acting	Sulfamethoxazole Sulfadiazine^# Sulfamoxole

Long- acting	Sulfadimethoxine Sulfalene Sulfametomidine Sulfametoxydiazine Sulfamethoxypyridazine Sulfaperin Sulfamerazine Sulfaphenazole Sulfamazone

Other/ungrouped

Combinations

2nd g.	Ciprofloxacin^# Enoxacin^‡ Fleroxacin^‡ Lomefloxacin Nadifloxacin Ofloxacin Norfloxacin Pefloxacin Rufloxacin

3rd g.	Balofloxacin Grepafloxacin^‡ Levofloxacin Pazufloxacin Sparfloxacin^‡ Temafloxacin^‡ Tosufloxacin

4th g.	Besifloxacin Clinafloxacin^† Garenoxacin Gemifloxacin Moxifloxacin Gatifloxacin^‡ Sitafloxacin Trovafloxacin^‡/Alatrofloxacin^‡ Prulifloxacin

Vet.	Danofloxacin Difloxacin Enrofloxacin Ibafloxacin Marbofloxacin Orbifloxacin Pradofloxacin Sarafloxacin

Related (DG)	Aminocoumarins: Novobiocin

Nitro- imidazole derivatives	Metronidazole^# Tinidazole Ornidazole

Nitrofuran derivatives	Nitrofurantoin^# Furazolidone^‡ Nifurtoinol

RNA synthesis

Rifamycins/ RNA polymerase	Rifampicin Rifabutin Rifapentine Rifaximin

drug(J1p, w, n, m, vacc)

Cryptosporidiosis	thiazole (Nitazoxanide)

Isosporiasis	Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole^#

Toxoplasmosis	Pyrimethamine • Sulfadiazine

Individual
agents

Aminoquinolines	(4-): Amodiaquine^# • Chloroquine^# • Hydroxychloroquine (8-): Primaquine^# • Pamaquine

4-methanolquinolines	Mefloquine^#• Quinine^# • Quinidine

Other	Lumefantrine (combined with artemether) Halofantrine Pyronaridine

DHFR inhibitors (antifols)	2,4-Diaminopyrimidines (pyrimethamine) biguanides (proguanil^# • chlorproguanil)

Sulfonamides	Sulfadoxine • sulfamethoxypyrazine

Coformulation	Fansidar^# (sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine)

Other

Atovaquone (as Malarone)
Tetracycline • Doxycycline^#
Clindamycin

Combi-
nations

Fixed-dose (coformulated) ACTs	artemether-lumefantrine^# artesunate-amodiaquine (ASAQ) artesunate-mefloquine (ASMQ) dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine artesunate-pyronaridine

Other combinations (not co-formulated)	artesunate/SP • artesunate/mefloquine • quinine/tetracycline • quinine/doxycycline • quinine/clindamycin