Nitrovasodilator

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A nitrovasodilator is an agent that causes vasodilation by donation of nitric oxide.^[1]

Examples include nitroprusside and nitroglycerine.

References [edit]

^ Brandes RP, Kim D, Schmitz-Winnenthal FH, et al. (January 2000). "Increased nitrovasodilator sensitivity in endothelial nitric oxide synthase knockout mice: role of soluble guanylyl cyclase". Hypertension 35 (1 Pt 2): 231–6. PMID 10642303.

Vasodilators used in cardiac diseases (C01D)

Nitrates/nitrovasodilators

Glyceryl trinitrate # • Isosorbide dinitrate # • Isosorbide mononitrate • Linsidomine • Molsidomine • Pentaerythritol tetranitrate • Propatylnitrate • Tenitramine • Trolnitrate

Quinolone vasodilators

Flosequinan^‡

Others

Itramin tosilate • Prenylamine • Oxyfedrine • Benziodarone • Carbocromen • Hexobendine • Etafenone • Heptaminol • Imolamine • Dilazep • Trapidil • Molsidomine • Efloxate • Cinepazet • Cloridarol • Nicorandil • Nesiritide • Gapicomine • Pimobendan • Levosimendan

^#WHO-EM
^‡Withdrawn from market
Clinical trials:
- ^†Phase III
- ^§Never to phase III

noco/cong/tumr, sysi/epon, injr

proc, drug (C1A/1B/1C/1D), blte

Nonsympatholytic vasodilatory antihypertensives (C02)

Nitrovasodilator

NO (arterioles and venules)	Nitroprusside #

N (arteriolar)	Hydrazines (Hydralazine #, Dihydralazine, Endralazine, Cadralazine, Pildralazine)

(arteriolar) Potassium channel opener

Minoxidil • Diazoxide

(arteriolar) Calcium channel blocker

see list

^#WHO-EM
^‡Withdrawn from market
Clinical trials:
- ^†Phase III
- ^§Never to phase III

anat (a:h/u/t/a/l,v:h/u/t/a/l)/phys/devp/cell/prot

noco/syva/cong/lyvd/tumr, sysi/epon, injr

proc, drug (C2s+n/3/4/5/7/8/9)

v t e Pharmacology: major drug groups

Gastrointestinal tract/metabolism (A)	stomach acid Antacids H₂ antagonists Proton pump inhibitors Antiemetics Laxatives Antidiarrhoeals/Antipropulsives Anti-obesity drugs Anti-diabetics Vitamins Dietary minerals

Blood and blood forming organs (B)	Antithrombotics Antiplatelets Anticoagulants Thrombolytics/fibrinolytics Antihemorrhagics Platelets Coagulants Antifibrinolytics

Cardiovascular system (C)	cardiac therapy/antianginals Cardiac glycosides Antiarrhythmics Cardiac stimulants Antihypertensives Diuretics Vasodilators Beta blockers Calcium channel blockers renin-angiotensin system ACE inhibitors Angiotensin II receptor antagonists Renin inhibitors Antihyperlipidemics Statins Fibrates Bile acid sequestrants

Skin (D)	Emollients Cicatrizants Antipruritics Antipsoriatics Medicated dressings

Genitourinary system (G)	Hormonal contraception Fertility agents SERMs Sex hormones

Endocrine system (H)	Hypothalamic-pituitary hormones Corticosteroids Glucocorticoids Mineralocorticoids Sex hormones Thyroid hormones/Antithyroid agents

Infections and infestations (J, P, QI)	Antimicrobials: Antibacterials (Antimycobacterials) Antifungals Antivirals Antiparasitics Antiprotozoals Anthelmintics Ectoparasiticides IVIG Vaccines

Malignant disease (L01-L02)	Anticancer agents Antimetabolites Alkylating Spindle poisons Antineoplastic Topoisomerase inhibitors

Immune disease (L03-L04)	Immunomodulators Immunostimulants Immunosuppressants

Muscles, bones, and joints (M)	Anabolic steroids Anti-inflammatories NSAIDs Antirheumatics Corticosteroids Muscle relaxants Bisphosphonates

Brain and nervous system (N)	Analgesics Anesthetics General Local Anorectics Anti-ADHD Agents Antiaddictives Anticonvulsants Antidementia Agents Antidepressants Antimigraine Agents Antiparkinson's Agents Antipsychotics Anxiolytics Depressants Entactogens Entheogens Euphoriants Hallucinogens Psychedelics Dissociatives Deliriants Hypnotics/Sedatives Mood Stabilizers Neuroprotectives Nootropics Neurotoxins Orexigenics Serenics Stimulants Wakefulness-Promoting Agents

Respiratory system (R)	Decongestants Bronchodilators Cough medicines H₁ antagonists

Sensory organs (S)	Ophthalmologicals Otologicals

Other ATC (V)	Antidotes Contrast media Radiopharmaceuticals Dressings

Peripheral vasodilators (C04)

2-amino-1-phenylethanol derivatives

Imidazoline derivatives/
Alpha blockers

Niacin and derivatives

Purine derivatives

Ergot alkaloids

Other peripheral vasodilators

anat (a:h/u/t/a/l,v:h/u/t/a/l)/phys/devp/cell/prot

noco/syva/cong/lyvd/tumr, sysi/epon, injr

proc, drug (C2s+n/3/4/5/7/8/9)

Cardiovascular system, physiology: cardiovascular physiology

Volumes	Stroke volume = End-diastolic volume – End-systolic volume Cardiac output = Heart rate × Stroke volume Afterload Preload Frank–Starling law of the heart Cardiac function curve Venous return curve Aortic valve area calculation Ejection fraction Cardiac index

Dimensions	Fractional shortening = (End-diastolic dimension – End-systolic dimension) / End-diastolic dimension

Interaction diagrams	Cardiac cycle Wiggers diagram Pressure volume diagram

Tropism	Chronotropic (Heart rate) Dromotropic (Conduction velocity) Inotropic (Contractility) Bathmotropic (Excitability) Lusitropic (Relaxation)

Conduction system / Cardiac electrophysiology	Cardiac action potential Atrial action potential Ventricular action potential Effective refractory period Pacemaker potential EKG P wave PR interval QRS complex QT interval ST segment T wave U wave Hexaxial reference system

Chamber pressure	Central venous pressure/right atrial pressure → Right ventricular pressure → Pulmonary artery pressure → Pulmonary wedge pressure/left atrial pressure → Left ventricular pressure → Aortic pressure

Other	Ventricular remodeling

Vascular system/
Hemodynamics

Blood flow	Compliance Vascular resistance Total peripheral resistance Pulse Perfusion

Blood pressure	Pulse pressure Systolic Diastolic Mean arterial pressure Jugular venous pressure Portal venous pressure

Regulation of BP	Baroreflex Kinin–kallikrein system Renin–angiotensin system Vasoconstrictors/Vasodilators Autoregulation Myogenic mechanism Tubuloglomerular feedback Cerebral autoregulation Paraganglia Aortic body Carotid body Glomus cell

noco/cong/tumr, sysi/epon, injr

proc, drug (C1A/1B/1C/1D), blte

anat (a:h/u/t/a/l,v:h/u/t/a/l)/phys/devp/cell/prot

noco/syva/cong/lyvd/tumr, sysi/epon, injr

proc, drug (C2s+n/3/4/5/7/8/9)

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