November 15

November 15 is the 319th day of the year (320th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 46 days remaining until the end of the year.

Events

• 655 – Battle of the Winwaed: Penda of Mercia is defeated by Oswiu of Northumbria.
• 1315 – Battle of Morgarten: the Schweizer Eidgenossenschaft ambushes the army of Leopold I.
• 1532 – Commanded by Francisco Pizarro, Spanish conquistadors under Hernando de Soto meet Inca Empire leader Atahualpa for the first time outside Cajamarca, arranging a meeting on the city plaza the following day
• 1533 – Francisco Pizarro arrives in Cuzco, the capital of the Inca Empire.
• 1688 – The Glorious Revolution begins: William of Orange lands at Brixham.
• 1705 – Battle of Zsibó - Austrian-Danish victory over the Kurucs (Hungarians)
• 1777 – American Revolutionary War: After 16 months of debate the Continental Congress approves the Articles of Confederation.
• 1791 – The first U.S Catholic college, Georgetown University, opens its doors.
• 1806 – Pike expedition: Lieutenant Zebulon Pike sees a distant mountain peak while near the Colorado foothills of the Rocky Mountains (it is later named Pikes Peak).
• 1859 – The first modern revival of the Olympic Games takes place in Athens, Greece.
• 1864 – American Civil War: Union General William Tecumseh Sherman burns Atlanta, Georgia and starts Sherman's March to the Sea.
• 1889 – Brazil is declared a republic by Marshal Deodoro da Fonseca and Emperor Pedro II is deposed in a military coup.
• 1914 – Harry Turner becomes the first player to die from game-related injuries in the "Ohio League", the direct predecessor to the National Football League.
• 1920 – First assembly of the League of Nations is held in Geneva, Switzerland.
• 1923 – The German Rentenmark is introduced in Germany to counter Inflation in the Weimar Republic.
• 1926 – The NBC radio network opens with 24 stations.
• 1928 – The RNLI lifeboat Mary Stanford capsized in Rye Harbour with the loss of the entire 17 man crew.
• 1935 – Manuel L. Quezon is inaugurated as the second President of the Philippines.
• 1939 – In Washington, D.C., US President Franklin D. Roosevelt lays the cornerstone of the Jefferson Memorial.
• 1942 – World War II: First flight of the Heinkel He 219.
• 1942 – World War II: The Battle of Guadalcanal ends in a decisive Allied victory.
• 1943 – Holocaust: German SS leader Heinrich Himmler orders that Gypsies are to be put "on the same level as Jews and placed in concentration camps". (see Porajmos)
• 1945 – Venezuela joins the United Nations.
• 1949 – Nathuram Godse and Narayan Apte are executed for assassinating Mahatma Gandhi.
• 1951 – Greek resistance leader Nikos Beloyannis, along with 11 resistance members, is sentenced to death by the court-martial.
• 1959 – Four members of the Herbert Clutter Family are murdered at their farm outside Holcomb, Kansas.
• 1966 – Project Gemini: Gemini 12 completes the program's final mission, when it splashes down safely in the Atlantic Ocean.
• 1966 – A Boeing 727 carrying Pan Am Flight 708 crashes near Berlin, Germany, killing all three people on board.
• 1967 – The only fatality of the North American X-15 program occurs during the 191st flight when Air Force test pilot Michael J. Adams loses control of his aircraft which is destroyed mid-air over the Mojave Desert.
• 1969 – Cold War: The Soviet submarine K-19 collides with the American submarine USS Gato in the Barents Sea.
• 1969 – Vietnam War: In Washington, D.C., 250,000-500,000 protesters staged a peaceful demonstration against the war, including a symbolic "March Against Death".
• 1969 – In Columbus, Ohio, Dave Thomas opens the first Wendy's restaurant.
• 1971 – Intel releases world's first commercial single-chip microprocessor, the 4004.
• 1976 – René Lévesque and the Parti Québécois take power to become the first Quebec government of the 20th century clearly in favor of independence.
• 1978 – A chartered Douglas DC-8 crashes near Colombo, Sri Lanka, killing 183.
• 1979 – A package from the Unabomber Ted Kaczynski begins smoking in the cargo hold of a flight from Chicago, Illinois to Washington, D.C., forcing the plane to make an emergency landing.
• 1983 – Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus is founded. Recognized only by Turkey.
• 1985 – A research assistant is injured when a package from the Unabomber addressed to a University of Michigan professor explodes.
• 1985 – The Anglo-Irish Agreement is signed at Hillsborough Castle by British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher and Irish Taoiseach Garret FitzGerald.
• 1987 – Continental Airlines Flight 1713, a Douglas DC-9-14 jetliner, crashes in a snowstorm at Denver, Colorado Stapleton International Airport, killing 28 occupants, while 54 survive the crash.
• 1987 – In Brașov, Romania, workers rebel against the communist regime of Nicolae Ceaușescu.
• 1988 – In the Soviet Union, the unmanned Shuttle Buran makes its only space flight.
• 1988 – Israeli–Palestinian conflict: An independent State of Palestine is proclaimed by the Palestinian National Council.
• 1988 – The first Fairtrade label, Max Havelaar, is launched in the Netherlands.
• 1990 – Space Shuttle program: Space Shuttle Atlantis launches with flight STS-38.
• 1990 – The People's Republic of Bulgaria is disestablished and a new republican government is instituted.
• 2000 – A chartered Antonov An-24 crashes after takeoff from Luanda, Angola killing more than 40 people.
• 2000 – Jharkhand state comes into existence in India.
• 2002 – Hu Jintao becomes General Secretary of the Communist Party of China and a new 9-members Politburo Standing Committee is inaugurated.
• 2003 – The first day of the 2003 Istanbul bombings, in which two car bombs, targeting two synagogues, explode, killing 25 people and wounding about 300. Additional bombings follow on November 20.
• 2005 – Boeing formally launches the stretched Boeing 747-8 variant with orders from Cargolux and Nippon Cargo Airlines.
• 2006 – Al Jazeera English launches worldwide.
• 2007 – Cyclone Sidr hit Bangladesh, killing an estimated 5000 people and destroyed parts of the world's largest mangrove forest, the Sundarbans.

Births

• 459 – B'utz Aj Sak Chiik, Mayan king (d. 501)
• 1316 – John I of France (d. 1316)
• 1397 – Pope Nicholas V (d. 1455)
• 1498 – Eleanor of Austria (d. 1558)
• 1511 – Johannes Secundus, Dutch poet (d. 1536)
• 1556 – Jacques Davy Duperron, French cardinal (d. 1618)
• 1559 – Albert VII, Archduke of Austria (d. 1621)
• 1607 – Madeleine de Scudéry, French author (d. 1701)
• 1660 – Hermann von der Hardt, German historian (d. 1746)
• 1661 – Christoph von Graffenried, Swiss-American settler and author (d. 1743)
• 1688 – Louis Bertrand Castel, French mathematician (d. 1757)
• 1692 – Eusebius Amort, German theologian (d. 1775)
• 1708 – William Pitt, 1st Earl of Chatham, English politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1778)
• 1738 – William Herschel, German-English astronomer (d. 1822)
• 1741 – Johann Kaspar Lavater, German philosopher (d. 1801)
• 1746 – Joseph Quesnel, French-Canadian composer and playwright (d. 1809)
• 1757 – Heinrich Christian Friedrich Schumacher, Danish surgeon (d. 1830)
• 1784 – Jérôme Bonaparte, French husband of Catharina of Württemberg (d. 1860)
• 1791 – Friedrich Ernst Scheller, German jurist and politician (d. 1869)
• 1793 – Michel Chasles, French mathematician (d. 1880)
• 1852 – Tewfik Pasha, Egyptian ruler (d. 1892)
• 1859 – Christopher Hornsrud, Norwegian politician, Prime Minister of Norway (d. 1960)
• 1862 – Gerhart Hauptmann, German playwright, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1946)
• 1868 – Emil Racovita, Romanian biologist, zoologist, and explorer (d. 1947)
• 1874 – Dimitrios Golemis, Greek runner (d. 1941)
• 1874 – August Krogh, Danish zoologist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1949)
• 1879 – Lewis Stone, American actor (d. 1953)
• 1881 – Franklin Pierce Adams, American columnist (d. 1960)
• 1882 – Felix Frankfurter, Austrian-American jurist (d. 1965)
• 1886 – René Guénon, French-Egyptian author (d. 1951)
• 1887 – Marianne Moore, American poet (d. 1972)
• 1887 – Georgia O'Keeffe, American painter (d. 1986)
• 1888 – Artie Matthews, American songwriter, pianist, and composer (d. 1958)
• 1890 – Richmal Crompton, English author (d. 1969)
• 1891 – W. Averell Harriman, American politician, 48th Governor of New York (d. 1986)
• 1891 – Erwin Rommel, German field marshal (d. 1944)
• 1895 – Grand Duchess Olga Nikolaevna of Russia (d. 1918)
• 1895 – Antoni Słonimski, Polish journalist, poet, and playwright (d. 1976)
• 1897 – Aneurin Bevan, Welsh politician (d. 1960)
• 1897 – Sacheverell Sitwell, English author and critic (d. 1988)
• 1899 – Avdy Andresson, Estonian diplomat (d. 1990)
• 1903 – Stewie Dempster, New Zealand cricketer (d. 1974)
• 1905 – Mantovani, Italian conductor and composer (d. 1980)
• 1906 – Curtis LeMay, American general (d. 1990)
• 1907 – Claus von Stauffenberg, German army officer, member of the 20 July plot (d. 1944)
• 1912 – Yi Wu, Korean prince (d. 1945)
• 1913 – Guy Green, English director (d. 2005)
• 1913 – Arthur Haulot, Belgian journalist (d. 2005)
• 1919 – Joseph Wapner, American judge
• 1920 – Vasilis Diamantopoulos, Greek actor (d. 1999)
• 1922 – Francis Brunn, German juggler (d. 2004)
• 1922 – David Sidney Feingold, American biochemist
• 1923 – Văn Cao, Vietnamese composer (d. 1995)
• 1925 – Howard Baker, American politician and diplomat, 12th White House Chief of Staff
• 1925 – Yuli Daniel, Russian poet and author (d. 1988)
• 1927 – Gregor Mackenzie, English politician (d. 1992)
• 1928 – C. W. McCall, American singer-songwriter
• 1928 – John Orchard, English actor (d. 1995)
• 1928 – Seldon Powell, American saxophonist and flute player (d. 1997)
• 1929 – Edward Asner, American actor
• 1929 – Joe Hinton, American singer (d. 1968)
• 1930 – J. G. Ballard, English author (d. 2009)
• 1931 – John Kerr, American actor and lawyer (d. 2013)
• 1931 – Mwai Kibaki, Kenyan politician, 3rd President of Kenya
• 1931 – Pascal Lissouba, Congolese politician, President of the Republic of the Congo
• 1932 – Petula Clark, English actress and singer
• 1932 – Clyde McPhatter, American singer (Billy Ward and His Dominoes and The Drifters) (d. 1972)
• 1932 – Alvin Plantinga, American philosopher
• 1933 – Theodore Roszak, American scholar and author (d. 2011)
• 1934 – Joanna Barnes, American actress
• 1934 – Irén Pavlics, Hungarian author
• 1936 – H. B. Bailey, American race car driver (d. 2003)
• 1936 – Wolf Biermann, German singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1936 – Tara Singh Hayer, Canadian journalist (d. 1998)
• 1937 – Little Willie John, American singer-songwriter (d. 1968)
• 1937 – Yaphet Kotto, American actor
• 1939 – W. C. Clark, American singer and guitarist
• 1940 – Roberto Cavalli, Italian fashion designer
• 1940 – Ulf Pilgaard, Danish actor
• 1940 – Sam Waterston, American actor
• 1941 – Rick Kemp, English singer-songwriter, bass player, and producer (Steeleye Span)
• 1941 – Daniel Pinkwater, American author
• 1942 – Daniel Barenboim, Argentine-Israeli conductor and pianist
• 1945 – Roger Donaldson, Australian director and producer
• 1945 – Bob Gunton, American actor
• 1945 – Frida Lyngstad, Norwegian-Swedish singer (ABBA)
• 1946 – Vasilis Goumas, Greek basketball player
• 1947 – Malcolm Ranjith, Sri Lankan cardinal
• 1947 – Bill Richardson, American politician, 30th Governor of New Mexico
• 1950 – Egon Vaupel, German politician, Mayor of Marburg
• 1951 – Beverly D'Angelo, American actress
• 1952 – Zoltán Buday, Hungarian actor
• 1952 – Randy Savage, American wrestler and actor (d. 2011)
• 1953 – Alexander O'Neal, American singer
• 1954 – Herbert Heidenreich, German footballer
• 1954 – Aleksander Kwaśniewski, Polish journalist and politician, 3rd President of Poland
• 1954 – Randy Thomas, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (Sweet Comfort Band and Allies)
• 1955 – Georgina Born, English bass player and anthropologist (Henry Cow)
• 1955 – Henry Corra, American director and producer
• 1956 – Michael Hampton, American guitarist and producer (Parliament-Funkadelic)
• 1956 – Brian Douglas Wells, American pizza delivery man forced bank robber (d. 2003)
• 1957 – Kevin Eubanks, American guitarist and composer (The Tonight Show Band)
• 1957 – Harold Marcuse, American historian
• 1957 – Ray McKinnon, American actor and director
• 1957 – Michael Woythe, German footballer
• 1958 – Lewis Fitz-Gerald, Australian actor and director
• 1958 – Gu Kailai, Chinese lawyer and businesswoman
• 1960 – Susanne Lothar, German actress (d. 2012)
• 1961 – Metin Kaçan, Turkish author (d. 2013)
• 1962 – Mark Acres, American basketball player
• 1962 – Judy Gold, American comedian, actress, and producer
• 1963 – Andrew Castle, English tennis player
• 1963 – Benny Elias, Australian rugby player
• 1964 – Stelios Aposporis, Greek footballer
• 1964 – Mikhail Rusyayev, Russian footballer (d. 2011)
• 1965 – Nigel Bond, English snooker player
• 1965 – Stefan Pfeiffer, German swimmer
• 1966 – Rachel True, American actress
• 1967 – E-40, American rapper (The Click)
• 1967 – Greg Anthony, American basketball player
• 1967 – Pedro Borbón, Jr., Dominican baseball player
• 1967 – Dom Joly, Lebanese-English comedian and journalist
• 1967 – François Ozon, French director
• 1967 – Gustavo Poyet, Uruguayan footballer
• 1968 – Ol' Dirty Bastard, American rapper and producer (Wu-Tang Clan) (d. 2004)
• 1968 – Fausto Brizzi, Italian screenwriter and director
• 1968 – Jennifer Charles, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (Elysian Fields, Lovage, and La Mar Enfortuna)
• 1968 – Uwe Rösler, German footballer
• 1969 – Shane Mack, American politician
• 1970 – Ilija Aračić, Croatian footballer
• 1970 – Jack Ingram, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1970 – Patrick Mboma, Cameroonian footballer
• 1971 – Jay Harrington, American actor
• 1971 – Martin Pieckenhagen, German footballer
• 1972 – Jonny Lee Miller, English actor
• 1973 – Jesse Merz, American actor
• 1973 – Sydney Tamiia Poitier, American actress
• 1974 – Chad Kroeger, Canadian singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (Nickelback)
• 1975 – Scott Henshall, English fashion designer
• 1975 – Yannick Tremblay, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1975 – Boris Živković, Croatian footballer
• 1976 – Brandon DiCamillo, American comedian, actor, and stuntman
• 1976 – Virginie Ledoyen, French actress
• 1977 – Sean Murray, American actor
• 1977 – Peter Phillips, English son of Anne, Princess Royal
• 1977 – Robaire Smith, American football player
• 1977 – Logan Whitehurst, American singer-songwriter and drummer (The Velvet Teen) (d. 2006)
• 1978 – Floyd Womack, American football player
• 1979 – Josemi, Spanish footballer
• 1979 – Brooks Bollinger, American football player
• 1979 – Brett Lancaster, Australian cyclist
• 1980 – Ace Young, American singer-songwriter and actor
• 1980 – Kevin Staut, French equestrian
• 1981 – Drew Hodgdon, American football player
• 1981 – Lorena Ochoa, Mexican golfer
• 1982 – D. J. Fitzpatrick, American football player
• 1982 – Joe Kowalewski, American football player
• 1982 – Benjamin Krause, German rugby player
• 1982 – Lofa Tatupu, American football player
• 1982 – Kalu Uche, Nigerian footballer
• 1983 – Dominic Carroll, Gibraltarian runner
• 1983 – Sasha Pavlovic, Serbian basketball player
• 1983 – DJ Skee, American DJ and producer
• 1983 – Laura Smet, French actress
• 1983 – Fernando Verdasco, Spanish tennis player
• 1985 – Lily Aldridge, American model
• 1985 – Casnel Bushay, Vincentian sprinter
• 1986 – Coye Francies, American football player
• 1986 – Sania Mirza, Indian tennis player
• 1986 – Jerry Roush, American singer-songwriter (Of Mice & Men, Sky Eats Airplane, and Glass Cloud)
• 1987 – Isaiah Osbourne, English footballer
• 1988 – B.o.B, American rapper and producer
• 1988 – Zena Grey, American actress
• 1988 – Morgan Parra, French rugby player
• 1989 – Jonalyn Viray, Filipino singer and actress
• 1990 – Kanata Hongō, Japanese actor
• 1991 – Shailene Woodley, American actress
• 1992 – Minami Minegishi, Japanese singer and actress (AKB48 and no3b)
• 1992 – Daniela Seguel, Chilean tennis player
• 1993 – Saaya Irie, Japanese actress and singer

Deaths

• 655 – Penda of Mercia
• 1136 – Leopold III, Margrave of Austria (b. 1073)
• 1210 – Ly Cao Tong, the seventh king of the Lý dynasty of Vietnam (b. 1173)
• 1280 – Albertus Magnus, German bishop, theologian, and philosopher (b. 1193)
• 1463 – Giovanni Antonio Del Balzo Orsini, Italian son of Mary of Enghien (b. 1386)
• 1579 – Ferenc Dávid, Hungarian preacher, founded the Unitarian Church of Transylvania (b. 1510)
• 1594 – Martin Frobisher, English explorer (b. 1539)
• 1628 – Roque González de Santa Cruz, Paraguayan missionary and martyr (b. 1576)
• 1630 – Johannes Kepler, German astronomer and mathematician (b. 1571)
• 1670 – John Amos Comenius, Czech bishop, educator, and philosopher (b. 1592)
• 1691 – Aelbert Cuyp, Dutch painter (b. 1620)
• 1706 – 6th Dalai Lama (b. 1683)
• 1712 – James Hamilton, 4th Duke of Hamilton, Scottish politician (b. 1658)
• 1712 – Charles Mohun, 4th Baron Mohun, English politician (b. 1675)
• 1787 – Christoph Willibald Gluck, German composer (b. 1714)
• 1794 – John Witherspoon, Scottish-American minister and academic, signer of the United States Declaration of Independence (b. 1723)
• 1795 – Charles-Amédée-Philippe van Loo, French painter (b. 1719)
• 1819 – Daniel Rutherford, Scottish chemist and physician (b. 1749)
• 1832 – Jean-Baptiste Say, French economist (b. 1767)
• 1853 – Maria II of Portugal (b. 1819)
• 1908 – Empress Dowager Cixi of China (b. 1835)
• 1910 – Wilhelm Raabe, German author (b. 1831)
• 1916 – Henryk Sienkiewicz, Polish author, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1846)
• 1917 – Émile Durkheim, French sociologist (b. 1858)
• 1919 – Mohammad Farid, Egyptian politician (b. 1868)
• 1919 – Alfred Werner, German chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1866)
• 1922 – Dimitrios Gounaris, Greek politician, 94th Prime Minister of Greece (b. 1866)
• 1922 – Georgios Hatzianestis, Greek general (b. 1863)
• 1922 – Petros Protopapadakis, Greek politician, 107th Prime Minister of Greece (b. 1854)
• 1922 – Nikolaos Stratos, Greek politician, 106th Prime Minister of Greece (b. 1872)
• 1945 – Frank Chapman, American ornithologist (b. 1864)
• 1949 – Narayan Apte, Indian activist, assassin of Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (b. 1911)
• 1949 – Nathuram Godse, Indian assassin of Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (b. 1910)
• 1954 – Lionel Barrymore, American actor (b. 1878)
• 1958 – Tyrone Power, American actor (b. 1914)
• 1959 – Charles Thomson Rees Wilson, Scottish physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1869)
• 1960 – Robert Raymond Cook, Canadian murderer (b. 1937)
• 1961 – Elsie Ferguson, American actress (b. 1883)
• 1963 – Fritz Reiner, Hungarian conductor (b. 1888)
• 1965 – Dawn Powell, American poet (b. 1896)
• 1966 – Dimitrios Tofalos, Greek weightlifter (b. 1877)
• 1967 – Michael J. Adams, American pilot (b. 1930)
• 1971 – Vilyam Genrikhovich Fisher, Soviet intelligence officer (b. 1903)
• 1976 – Jean Gabin, French actor (b. 1904)
• 1978 – Margaret Mead, American anthropologist (b. 1901)
• 1981 – Steve Macko, American baseball player (b. 1954)
• 1981 – Enid Markey, American actress (b. 1894)
• 1981 – Khawar Rizvi, Pakistani poet and scholar (b. 1938)
• 1982 – Vinoba Bhave, Indian actvist (b. 1895)
• 1982 – Martín de Álzaga, Argentine race car driver (b. 1901)
• 1983 – Charlie Grimm, American baseball player (b. 1898)
• 1983 – John Le Mesurier, English actor (b. 1912)
• 1988 – Billo Frómeta, Dominican conductor and composer (b. 1915)
• 1988 – Archbishop Ieronymos I of Athens (b. 1905)
• 1994 – Elizabeth George Speare, American author (b. 1908)
• 1996 – Alger Hiss, American lawyer, diplomat, and author (b. 1904)
• 1997 – Saul Chaplin, American composer and director (b. 1912)
• 1998 – Stokely Carmichael, Trinidadian-American activist (b. 1941)
• 1998 – Ludvik Danek, Czech discus thrower (b. 1937)
• 2002 – Myra Hindley, English murderer (b. 1942)
• 2003 – Ray Lewis, Canadian runner (b. 1910)
• 2003 – Dorothy Loudon, American actress (b. 1933)
• 2003 – Laurence Tisch, American businessman (b. 1923)
• 2003 – Speedy West, American guitarist and producer (b. 1924)
• 2004 – Elmer L. Andersen, American politician, 30th Governor of Minnesota (b. 1909)
• 2004 – John Morgan, Welsh-Canadian comedian and actor (b. 1930)
• 2005 – Adrian Rogers, American pastor and author (b. 1931)
• 2005 – Arto Salminen, Finnish journalist and author (b. 1959)
• 2006 – Ana Carolina Reston, Brazilian model (b. 1985)
• 2006 – David K. Wyatt, American historian and author (b. 1937)
• 2007 – Joe Nuxhall, American baseball player and sportscaster (b. 1928)
• 2009 – Patriarch Pavle of Serbia (b. 1914)
• 2010 – Larry Evans, American chess player and journalist (b. 1932)
• 2010 – Ed Kirkpatrick, American baseball player (b. 1944)
• 2010 – William Edwin Self, American actor, director, and producer (b. 1921)
• 2012 – Théophile Abega, Cameroonian footballer (b. 1954)
• 2012 – Luis Carreira, Portuguese motorcycle racer (b. 1976)
• 2012 – Maleli Kunavore, Fijian rugby player (b. 1983)
• 2012 – K. C. Pant, Indian politician (b. 1931)
• 2012 – Keith Ripley, English footballer (b. 1935)
• 2012 – José Song Sui-Wan, Chinese-Brazilian bishop (b. 1941)
• 2012 – Frode Thingnæs, Norwegian trombone player, composer, and conductor (b. 1940)
• 2012 – Khin Maung Toe, Burmese singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1950)

Holidays and observances

• Christian Feast Day:
  • Abibus of Edessa
  • Albert the Great
  • Blessed Hugh Faringdon
  • Didier of Cahors
  • Leopold III, a public holiday in Lower Austria and Vienna.
  • Malo
  • Mechell
  • November 15 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)

• Day of the German-speaking Community of Belgium (German-speaking Community of Belgium)
• Independence Day, unilaterally declared in 1988. (Palestine)
• King's Feast (Belgium)
• Republic Proclamation Day (Brazil)
• Shichi-Go-San (Japan)
• The beginning of Winter Lent (Eastern Orthodox)

External links

• BBC: On This Day
• The New York Times: On This Day
• On This Day in Canada

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