Ordos City
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This article may be expanded with text translated from the corresponding article in the Chinese Wikipedia. (April 2013)
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Ordos 鄂尔多斯 |
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| — Prefecture-level city — | |
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鄂尔多斯市
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 Ordos
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| Coordinates: 39°36′N 109°47′E / 39.600°N 109.783°ECoordinates: 39°36′N 109°47′E / 39.600°N 109.783°E | |
| Country | People's Republic of China |
| Region | Inner Mongolia |
| Municipal seat | Dongsheng District |
| Area | |
| • Total | 87,000 km2 (34,000 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 1,305 m (4,281 ft) |
| Highest elevation | 2,149 m (7,051 ft) |
| Lowest elevation | 850 m (2,790 ft) |
| Population (2010 census) | |
| • Total | 1,940,653 |
| • Density | 22/km2 (58/sq mi) |
| Time zone | China Standard (UTC+8) |
| GDP (2011) |
CNY 321.85 billion (US$ 49.83 billion)[1] |
| GDP per capita (2011) |
CNY 163,012 (US$ 25,239) |
| Licence plate prefixex | |
| Website | ordos.gov.cn |
| Ordos City | |||||||
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| Chinese name | |||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 鄂尔多斯 | ||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 鄂爾多斯 | ||||||
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| Mongolian name | |||||||
| Mongolian | Ордос хот |
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Ordos (Mongolian: , Ordos; Mongolian Cyrillic: Ордос хот; Chinese: 鄂尔多斯; pinyin: È'ěrduōsī) is one of the twelve major subdivisions of Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China. It is located within the Ordos Loop of the Yellow River. Although mainly rural, Ordos is administered as a prefecture-level city. The administrative seat is at Dongsheng.
The area had been administered as Ih Ju League (Mongolian: ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠵᠤᠤ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ Yeke Juu ayimaγ; Chinese: 伊克昭盟; pinyin: Yīkèzhāo Méng) since the 17th century, and was redesignated a prefecture-level city and renamed to Ordos on 26 February 2001. "Ordos" means "palaces" in the Mongolian language;[2] the name is sometimes claimed to be related to the eight white yurts of Genghis Khan.[3] Linguistically, the Ordos dialect of Mongolian is quite different from neighboring Chakhar Mongolian. Ordos is known for its lavish government projects, including the new Ordos City, a large city with abundant infrastructure, seldom used by residents and frequently described as a 'ghost city'.[4] It hosted the 2012 Miss World Final.
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Geography and climate [edit]
Ordos's prefectural administrative region occupies 86,752 square kilometres (33,495 sq mi) and covers the bigger part of the Ordos Desert, although the urban area itself is relatively small. The region borders the prefectures of Hohhot to the east, Baotou to the northeast, Bayan Nur to the north, Alxa League to the northwest, Wuhai to the west, the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region to its southwest, and the provinces of Shaanxi and Shanxi to the south.
The area of Ordos Shi can roughly be divided into a hilly area in the east, high plateaus in the west and center, sandy deserts in the north and south, and plains at the southern bank of the Yellow river. The highest elevation, at 2,149 metres (7,051 ft), is located in the west, the lowest point, at 850 m (2,790 ft), is in the east.
There are two large deserts within the territory of Ordos Shi, namely the Kubuqi Desert (库布其沙漠) in the north, and the Maowusu Desert (毛乌素沙漠) in the south. The Kubuqi Desert occupies 19.2% of Ordos, or 16,600 km2 (6,400 sq mi), while the Maowusu Desert takes up 28.8% of the area, or 25,000 km2 (9,700 sq mi).
Ordos features a cold semi-arid climate (Köppen BSk), marked by long, cold and very dry winters, very warm, somewhat humid summers, and strong winds, especially in spring. The annual precipitation is 300 to 400 millimetres (11.8 to 15.7 in) in the eastern part of the prefecture, and 190 to 350 mm (7.5 to 13.8 in) in the western part. Most of the rain falls between July and September, with very little snow in winter.
| Climate data for Ordos (1971−2000) | |||||||||||||
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| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Average high °C (°F) | −4.8 (23.4) |
−1.3 (29.7) |
5.2 (41.4) |
14.1 (57.4) |
20.8 (69.4) |
25.0 (77) |
26.7 (80.1) |
24.5 (76.1) |
19.4 (66.9) |
12.6 (54.7) |
4.0 (39.2) |
−2.9 (26.8) |
11.9 (53.5) |
| Average low °C (°F) | −14.7 (5.5) |
−11.5 (11.3) |
−5.4 (22.3) |
1.9 (35.4) |
8.4 (47.1) |
13.0 (55.4) |
15.8 (60.4) |
14.3 (57.7) |
8.8 (47.8) |
2.1 (35.8) |
−5.9 (21.4) |
−12.3 (9.9) |
1.2 (34.2) |
| Precipitation mm (inches) | 2.1 (0.083) |
4.4 (0.173) |
10.8 (0.425) |
11.4 (0.449) |
25.8 (1.016) |
44.8 (1.764) |
105.7 (4.161) |
105.5 (4.154) |
44.7 (1.76) |
19.4 (0.764) |
5.3 (0.209) |
1.3 (0.051) |
381.2 (15.009) |
| Avg. precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 2.1 | 2.9 | 4.3 | 3.4 | 5.9 | 8.7 | 12.2 | 11.9 | 8.1 | 4.4 | 2.6 | 1.9 | 68.4 |
| Source: Weather China | |||||||||||||
Economy [edit]
Ordos is one of the richest regions of China. With a nominal per-capita GDP of US$14,500 in 2008, it is ranked ahead of Beijing. It is extremely rich in natural resources, having one sixth of national coal reserves. The pillars of its economy are textile (wool), coal mining, petrochemicals, electricity generation and production of building materials.
Administrative Subdivisions [edit]
Ordos Shi is divided into one district and seven banners:
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| # | Name | Hanzi | Hanyu Pinyin | Population (2010) | Area (km²) | Density (/km²) |
| 1 | Dongsheng District | 东胜区 | Dōngshèng Qū | 582,544 | 2,137 | 108 |
| 2 | Dalad Banner | 达拉特旗 | Dálātè Qí | 322,101 | 8,192 | 40 |
| 3 | Jungar Banner | 准格尔旗 | Zhǔngé'ěr Qí | 356,501 | 7,535 | 36 |
| 4 | Otog Front Banner | 鄂托克前旗 | Ètuōkè Qián Qí | 68,282 | 12,318 | 6 |
| 5 | Otog Banner | 鄂托克旗 | Ètuōkè Qí | 148,844 | 20,064 | 4 |
| 6 | Hanggin Banner | 杭锦旗 | Hángjǐn Qí | 111,102 | 18,903 | 7 |
| 7 | Uxin Banner | 乌审旗 | Wūshěn Qí | 124,527 | 11,645 | 9 |
| 8 | Ejin Horo Banner | 伊金霍洛旗 | Yījīnhuòluò Qí | 226,752 | 5,958 | 23 |
Kangbashi New Area, Once-Empty Real Estate Development [edit]
A large, and largely uninhabited urban real estate development has been constructed 25 km from Dongsheng District. Intended to house a million people, it remains largely uninhabited.[5][6] Intended to have 300,000 residents by 2010, government figures stated it had 28,000.[7] It has been the subject of several well publicized articles, some profusely illustrated.[8] The Daily Mail has documented Ordos/Kangbashi and other similar urban developments in China.[9][10]
Transportation [edit]
Travel within Ordos City is primarily made by car or bus, using the city's network of roads. Two tolled expressways, the G18 Rongcheng–Wuhai Expressway and the G65 Baotou–Maoming Expressway, provide connections with other towns and cities including Dongsheng.
There are no direct rail lines to the city. The closest is the Baoshen Line in Dongshen.
Ordos Airport is located to the south of the city.
Demographics [edit]
In the 2000 census, there were 1,369,766 inhabitants:
| ethnic group | population | share |
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| Han | 1,207,971 | 88.19% |
| Mongols | 155,845 | 11.38% |
| Manchu | 2,905 | 0.21% |
| Hui | 1,861 | 0.14% |
| Tibetans | 1,023 | 0.07% |
See also [edit]
- Ordos culture
- Ordos International Circuit
- New South China Mall and Chenggong, examples of other underused developments
- List of cities in the People's Republic of China by population
- List of cities in the People's Republic of China by GDP per capita
References [edit]
- ^ 鄂尔多斯市2011年国民经济和社会发展统计公报
- ^ http://www.ordos.gov.cn/zjeedx/sqgk/ 市情概况
- ^ W. R. Carles, "Problems in Exploration II. Ordos", in The Geographical Journal, Vol. 33, No. 6 (Jun., 1909)", p. 669
- ^ Al-Jazeera (2009-11-09). "China's Empty City" (video). YouTube.
- ^ Time Photos of Ordos/Kangbashi, Time Photos Website 2011
- ^ Gus Lubin (2011-06-13). "NEW SATELLITE PICTURES OF CHINA'S GHOST CITIES". Business Insider. Retrieved 2011-12-09.
- ^ Barboza, David (2010-10-19). "A New Chinese City, With Everything but People". The New York Times.
- ^ "China's Ghost Town". AlJazeera. 10 November 2009. Retrieved 2010-12-21.
- ^ The Ghost Towns of China...The Daily Telegraph 18 Dec 2010
- ^ "Ordos: The biggest ghost town in China". BBC News. 2012-03-17.
External links [edit]
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