Oropharynx
| Oropharynx | |
|---|---|
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| Pharynx | |
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| Mouth | |
| Latin | pars oralis pharyngis |
| Gray's | subject #244 1142 |
| Nerve | pharyngeal plexus |
| MeSH | Oropharynx |
The Oropharynx (oral part of the pharynx) reaches from the Uvula to the level of the hyoid bone.
It opens anteriorly, through the isthmus faucium, into the mouth, while in its lateral wall, between the two palatine arches, is the palatine tonsil.
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[edit] Normal oropharyngeal flora
[edit] Fusobacterium
Although older resources have stated that Fusobacterium is a common occurrence in the human oropharynx, the current consensus is that Fusobacterium should always be treated as a pathogen. [1]
[edit] HACEK organisms
The name is formed from their initials:[2]
- Haemophilus
- Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans
- Cardiobacterium hominis
- Eikenella corrodens
- Kingella
All of these organisms are part of the normal oropharyngeal flora, which grow slowly, prefer a carbon dioxide–enriched atmosphere and share an enhanced capacity to produce endocardial infections, especially in young children.
[edit] Actinomyces
Actinomyces species that cause human disease do not exist freely in nature but are normal flora of the oropharynx.
[edit] Additional images
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Viral pharyngitis. The oropharynx is swollen and red.
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Sagittal section of nose mouth, pharynx, and larynx.
[edit] References
- ^ Aliyu SH, Marriott RK, Curran MD, et al. (2004). "Real-time PCR investigation into the importance of Fusobacterium necrophorum as a cause of acute pharyngitis in general practice". J Med Microbiol 53 (Pt 10): 1029–35. doi:10.1099/jmm.0.45648-0. PMID 15358827.
- ^ Morpeth S, Murdoch D, Cabell CH, et al. (December 2007). "Non-HACEK gram-negative bacillus endocarditis". Ann. Intern. Med. 147 (12): 829–35. PMID 18087053.
[edit] External links
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