Osteoglossomorpha

Osteoglossomorpha
Arapaima (Arapaima gigas)
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Superclass:	Osteichthyes
Class:	Actinopterygii
Subclass:	Neopterygii
Infraclass:	Teleostei
Superorder:	Osteoglossomorpha Greenwood, Rosen, Weitzman & Myers, 1966
Orders
Hiodontiformes Osteoglossiformes and see text

Specimen of the primitive bulldog fish Allothrissops

Osteoglossomorpha is a group of bony fish in the Teleostei.

Notable members

A notable member is the Arapaima (Arapaima gigas), the largest freshwater fish in South America and one of the very largest bony fishes alive. Other notable members include the bizarre freshwater elephantfishes (Mormyridae).

Systematics

Most osteoglossomorph lineages are extinct today. Only the somewhat diverse "bone-tongues" (Osteoglossiformes) and two species of mooneyes (Hiodontiformes) remain.

Basal and incertae sedis (Extinct)

• Family Juiquanichthyidae Ma, 1984
• Family Kuyangichthidae Liu, Ma & Liu, 1982
• Family Lycopteridae Liu, Su, Huang & Chang, 1963
• Genus Jiaohichthys
• Genus Jinanichthys
• Genus Liaoxiichthys
• Genus Nierrkunia
• Genus Paralycoptera Chang & Chou, 1977
• Genus Suziichthys

Order Ichthyodectiformes Bardeck & Sprinkle, 1969 – bulldog fishes (Extinct)

• Basal and incertae sedis
  • Genus Ascalabothrissops Arratia, 2000
  • Genus Chiromystus
  • Genus Occithrissops
  • Genus Pachythrissops (tentatively placed here)
  • Family Allothrissopidae Patterson & Rosen, 1977
  • Family Thryptodontidae (tentatively placed here)
• Suborder Ichthyodectoidei Romer, 1966
  • Family Ichthyodectidae

Order Hiodontiformes

• Basal and incertae sedis (Extinct)
  • Genus Chetungichthys Chang & Chou, 1977
  • Genus Plesiolycoptera
  • Genus Yanbiania
• Family Hiodontidae – mooneyes

Order Osteoglossiformes

• Basal and incertae sedis (Extinct)
  • Genus Tanolepis
  • Genus Xixiaichthys
  • Family Huashiidae Chang & Chou, 1977
• Suborder Notopteroidei
  • Family Gymnarchidae
  • Family Mormyridae – freshwater elephantfishes
  • Family Notopteridae – featherbacks
  • Family Ostariostomidae Schaeffer, 1949 (Extinct)
• Suborder Osteoglossoidei
  • Genus Eurychir (Extinct)
  • Genus Genartina (Extinct)
  • Genus Musperia (Extinct)
  • Genus Phareoides Taverne, 1973 (Extinct)
  • Genus Chauliopareion (Extinct)
  • Genus Singida (Extinct)
  • Family Heterotididae (formerly included in Osteoglossidae)
  • Family Osteoglossidae – arowanas
  • Family Pantodontidae – freshwater butterflyfishes
  • Family "Phaerodutidae" (Extinct)

References

• Haaramo, Mikko (2008): Mikko's Phylogeny Archive – Osteoglossomorpha. Version of 2008-MAR-11. Retrieved 2008-NOV-20.
• Phylogenetic relationships and divergence times of the osteoglossomorphs