Overhead (engineering)
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In engineering, some methods or components make special demands on the system. The extra design features necessary to accommodate these demands are called overhead. Expenses not directly related to the production and sale of a product. For example, income. For instance, in electrical engineering, a particular integrated circuit might draw large current, requiring a robust power delivery circuit and a heat-dissipation mechanism. In XML the date 2011-07-12 07:18:47.0000+0000 can be written as follows with an overhead of 180 characters, while adding the semantic context that it is a CHANGEDATE with index 1.
<DATETIME qualifier="CHANGEDATE" index="1">
<YEAR>2011</YEAR>
<MONTH>07</MONTH>
<DAY>12</DAY>
<HOUR>07</HOUR>
<MINUTE>18</MINUTE>
<SECOND>47</SECOND>
<SUBSECOND>0000</SUBSECOND>
<TIMEZONE>+0000</TIMEZONE>
</DATETIME>
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