Oxydactylus
| Oxydactylus Temporal range: late Oligocene to ?middle Miocene |
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| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Mammalia |
| Order: | Artiodactyla |
| Family: | Camelidae |
| Tribe: | Camelini |
| Genus: | †Oxydactylus |
| Species | |
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†Oxydactylus wyomingensis |
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Oxydactylus, is an extinct terrestrial herbivorous genus of the tribe Camelini, family Camelidae, endemic to North America Oligocene through the Middle Miocene (30.8–13.6 mya) and in existence for approximately 17.2 million years.[1]
Oxydactylus is from the Ancient Greek οξύς (oxys, "sharp")and δάκτυλος (daktylos, "finger")
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[edit] Taxonomy
Oxydactylus was named by Peterson in 1904. Its type is Oxydactylus longipes. It was assigned to Camelidae by Peterson (1904) and Carroll (1988).[2]
[edit] Morphology
They had very long legs and necks, and were probably adapted to eating high vegetation, much like modern giraffes. Unlike modern camelids, they had hooves, rather than tough sole-pads and splayed toes.[3]
Four specimens were examined by M. Mendoza, C. M. Janis, and P. Palmqvist for estimated body mass.[4]
- Specimen 1: 183.3 kg (404.1 lb)
- Specimen 2: 115.9 kg (255.5 lb)
- Specimen 3: 116.5 kg (256.8 lb)
- Specimen 4: 126.3 kg (278.4 lb)
[edit] Species
O. benedentatus (syn. Procamelus concerptus), O. cameloides, O. campestris, O. lacota, O. longipes (type species), O. longirostris, O. lulli, O. wyomingensis
[edit] Sister genera
- Aepycamelus (syn. Alticamelus, Homocamelus)
- Aguascalientia
- Alforjas
- Australocamelus
- Blancocamelus
- Camelops
- Cuyamacamelus
- Eulamaops
- Floridatragulus (syn. Hypermekops)
- Gentilicamelus
- Gigantocamelus
- Hesperocamelus
- Megacamelus
- Megatylopus
- Michenia
- Miotylopus (syn. Dyseotylopus)
- Nothokemas
- Palauchenia
- Paracamelus
- Paralabis
- Paratylopus
- Pliauchenia
- Poebrodon
- Poebrotherium
- Priscocamelus
- Procamelus
- Protolabis
- Pseudolabis
- Tanymykter
- Titanotylopus
[edit] References
- ^ Paleobiology Database: Oxydactylus basic info.
- ^ R. L. Carroll. 1988. Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution. W. H. Freeman and Company, New York 1-698
- ^ Palmer, D., ed (1999). The Marshall Illustrated Encyclopedia of Dinosaurs and Prehistoric Animals. London: Marshall Editions. p. 277. ISBN 1-84028-152-9.
- ^ M. Mendoza, C. M. Janis, and P. Palmqvist. 2006. Estimating the body mass of extinct ungulates: a study on the use of multiple regression. Journal of Zoology
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