PROX1

Prospero homeobox 1
Identifiers
Symbols	PROX1;
External IDs	OMIM: 601546 MGI: 97772 HomoloGene: 2069 GeneCards: PROX1 Gene
Gene Ontology Molecular function • DNA binding • sequence-specific enhancer binding RNA polymerase II transcription factor activity • transcription corepressor activity • protein binding • ligand-dependent nuclear receptor binding • transcription regulatory region DNA binding • DBD domain binding • LBD domain binding Cellular component • nucleus • cytoplasm Biological process • negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter • cell fate determination • kidney development • liver development • positive regulation of endothelial cell proliferation • lymphangiogenesis • lens development in camera-type eye • multicellular organismal development • brain development • positive regulation of cell proliferation • negative regulation of cell proliferation • regulation of gene expression • positive regulation of endothelial cell migration • dorsal spinal cord development • neural tube development • skeletal muscle thin filament assembly • lung development • olfactory placode formation • pancreas development • otic placode formation • negative regulation of sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity • negative regulation of viral genome replication • positive regulation of cyclin-dependent protein kinase activity • positive regulation of S phase of mitotic cell cycle • positive regulation of cell cycle • negative regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent • negative regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent • positive regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent • optic placode formation involved in camera-type eye formation • venous blood vessel morphogenesis • ventricular cardiac myofibril development • atrial cardiac muscle tissue morphogenesis • ventricular cardiac muscle tissue morphogenesis • retina morphogenesis in camera-type eye • embryonic retina morphogenesis in camera-type eye • endocardium formation • positive regulation of sarcomere organization • ventricular septum morphogenesis • aorta smooth muscle tissue morphogenesis • positive regulation of heart growth • lymphatic endothelial cell differentiation • regulation of transcription involved in lymphatic endothelial cell fate commitment • lens fiber cell morphogenesis • hepatocyte differentiation • negative regulation of bile acid biosynthetic process Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	5629	19130
Ensembl	ENSG00000117707	ENSMUSG00000010175
UniProt	Q92786	P48437
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_002763	NM_008937.2
RefSeq (protein)	NP_002754	NP_032963.1
Location (UCSC)	Chr 1: 214.16 – 214.21 Mb	Chr 1: 191.95 – 191.99 Mb
PubMed search	[1]	[2]

Prospero homeobox protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PROX1 gene.

Interactions

PROX1 has been shown to interact with EP300.

Further reading

• Wigle JT, Chowdhury K, Gruss P, Oliver G (1999). "Prox1 function is crucial for mouse lens-fibre elongation.". Nat. Genet. 21 (3): 318–22. doi:10.1038/6844. PMID 10080188. 
• Mouta Carreira C, Nasser SM, di Tomaso E et al (2001). "LYVE-1 is not restricted to the lymph vessels: expression in normal liver blood sinusoids and down-regulation in human liver cancer and cirrhosis". Cancer Res. 61 (22): 8079–84. PMID 11719431. 
• Rodriguez-Niedenführ M, Papoutsi M, Christ B et al (2002). "Prox1 is a marker of ectodermal placodes, endodermal compartments, lymphatic endothelium and lymphangioblasts". Anat. Embryol. 204 (5): 399–406. doi:10.1007/s00429-001-0214-9. PMID 11789987. 
• Duncan MK, Cui W, Oh DJ, Tomarev SI (2002). "Prox1 is differentially localized during lens development". Mech. Dev. 112 (1–2): 195–8. doi:10.1016/S0925-4773(01)00645-1. PMID 11850194. 
• Chen Q, Dowhan DH, Liang D et al (2002). "CREB-binding protein/p300 co-activation of crystallin gene expression". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (27): 24081–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.M201821200. PMID 11943779. 
• Wilting J, Papoutsi M, Christ B et al (2002). "The transcription factor Prox1 is a marker for lymphatic endothelial cells in normal and diseased human tissues". FASEB J. 16 (10): 1271–3. doi:10.1096/fj.01-1010fje. PMID 12060670. 
• Petrova TV, Mäkinen T, Mäkelä TP et al (2002). "Lymphatic endothelial reprogramming of vascular endothelial cells by the Prox-1 homeobox transcription factor". EMBO J. 21 (17): 4593–9. doi:10.1093/emboj/cdf470. PMC 125413. PMID 12198161. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=125413. 
• Hong YK, Harvey N, Noh YH et al (2003). "Prox1 is a master control gene in the program specifying lymphatic endothelial cell fate". Dev. Dyn. 225 (3): 351–7. doi:10.1002/dvdy.10163. PMID 12412020. 
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH et al (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=139241. 
• Dyer MA, Livesey FJ, Cepko CL, Oliver G (2003). "Prox1 function controls progenitor cell proliferation and horizontal cell genesis in the mammalian retina". Nat. Genet. 34 (1): 53–8. doi:10.1038/ng1144. PMID 12692551. 
• Nagai H, Li Y, Hatano S et al (2003). "Mutations and aberrant DNA methylation of the PROX1 gene in hematologic malignancies". Genes Chromosomes Cancer 38 (1): 13–21. doi:10.1002/gcc.10248. PMID 12874782. 
• Steffensen KR, Holter E, Båvner A et al (2005). "Functional conservation of interactions between a homeodomain cofactor and a mammalian FTZ-F1 homologue". EMBO Rep. 5 (6): 613–9. doi:10.1038/sj.embor.7400147. PMC 1299067. PMID 15143342. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1299067. 
• Qin J, Gao DM, Jiang QF et al (2005). "Prospero-related homeobox (Prox1) is a corepressor of human liver receptor homolog-1 and suppresses the transcription of the cholesterol 7-alpha-hydroxylase gene". Mol. Endocrinol. 18 (10): 2424–39. doi:10.1210/me.2004-0009. PMID 15205472. 
• Dudas J, Papoutsi M, Hecht M et al (2005). "The homeobox transcription factor Prox1 is highly conserved in embryonic hepatoblasts and in adult and transformed hepatocytes, but is absent from bile duct epithelium". Anat. Embryol. 208 (5): 359–66. doi:10.1007/s00429-004-0403-4. PMID 15232737. 
• Reis RM, Reis-Filho JS, Longatto Filho A et al (2006). "Differential Prox-1 and CD 31 expression in mucousae, cutaneous and soft tissue vascular lesions and tumors". Pathol. Res. Pract. 201 (12): 771–6. doi:10.1016/j.prp.2005.08.010. PMID 16308102. 
• Song KH, Li T, Chiang JY (2006). "A prospero-related homeodomain protein is a novel co-regulator of hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 α that regulates the cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase gene". J. Biol. Chem. 281 (15): 10081–8. doi:10.1074/jbc.M513420200. PMC 1785292. PMID 16488887. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1785292. 
• Schneider M, Büchler P, Giese N et al (2006). "Role of lymphangiogenesis and lymphangiogenic factors during pancreatic cancer progression and lymphatic spread". Int. J. Oncol. 28 (4): 883–90. PMID 16525637. 
• Shimoda M, Takahashi M, Yoshimoto T et al (2006). "A homeobox protein, prox1, is involved in the differentiation, proliferation, and prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma". Clin. Cancer Res. 12 (20 Pt 1): 6005–11. doi:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-06-0712. PMID 17062673. 
• Laerm A, Helmbold P, Goldberg M et al (2007). "Prospero-related homeobox 1 (PROX1) is frequently inactivated by genomic deletions and epigenetic silencing in carcinomas of the bilary system". J. Hepatol. 46 (1): 89–97. doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2006.07.033. PMID 17069925. 

External links

• MeSH PROX1+protein,+human

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.