Pacific Grove, California

City of Pacific Grove
—  City  —
Point Pinos Lighthouse, Pacific Grove
Location in Monterey County and the state of California
Coordinates: 36°37′04″N 121°55′00″W
Country	United States
State	California
County	Monterey
Government
• Mayor	Carmelita Garcia
• Senate	Abel Maldonado (R)
• Assembly	Bill Monning (D)
• U. S. Congress	Sam Farr (D)
Area
• Total	4.003 sq mi (10.366 km2)
• Land	2.865 sq mi (7.419 km2)
• Water	1.138 sq mi (2.946 km2)  28.42%
Elevation	151 ft (46 m)
Population (2010)
• Total	15,041
• Density	3,800/sq mi (1,500/km2)
Time zone	PST (UTC-8)
• Summer (DST)	PDT (UTC-7)
ZIP code	93950
Area code(s)	831
FIPS code	06-54848
GNIS feature ID	1652821
Website	www.ci.pg.ca.us

Pacific Grove is a coastal city in Monterey County, California, USA, with a population of 15,041 as of the 2010 census, down from 15,522 as of the 2000 census. Pacific Grove is located between Point Pinos and Monterey, at an elevation of 151 feet (46 m).

Often referred to as one of America's last hometowns, Pacific Grove is known for its Victorian homes, Asilomar State Beach, its artistic legacy and the annual migration of the Monarch butterflies. The city is endowed with more Victorian houses per capita than anywhere else in America;^{[citation needed]} some of them have been turned into bed and breakfast inns.

The city is also known as the location of the Point Pinos Lighthouse, the oldest continuously-operating lighthouse on the West Coast, Pacific Grove Museum of Natural History, located in the historic downtown, the Stowitts Museum & Library and one of the filming locations for Roger Spottiswoode's 1989 film Turner and Hooch.

History

In prehistoric times the Rumsen were one of the linguistically distinct Ohlone groups of the Monterey Bay Area who inhabited the area now known as Pacific Grove. This tribe subsisted with hunting, fishing and gathering in what has been deduced as a biologically rich Monterey Peninsula.

Pacific Grove was founded in 1875 by a group of Methodists who modeled the town after Ocean Grove, New Jersey. In time, the butterflies, fragrant pines and fresh sea air brought others to the Pacific Grove Retreat to rest and meditate. The initial meeting of the Pacific Coast branch of the Chautauqua Literary and Scientific Circle was held in Pacific Grove in June 1879. Modelled after the Methodist Sunday school teachers’ training camp established in 1874 at Lake Chautauqua, N.Y., this location became part of a nationwide educational network.

In November 1879, after the summer campers returned home, Robert Louis Stevenson wandered into the deserted campgrounds: "I have never been in any place so stinky. Indeed, it was not so much like a deserted town as like a scene upon the stage by daylight, and with no one having any fun." Today, Stevenson School in nearby Pebble Beach is named after the author.

The Pacific Grove post office opened in 1886, closed later that year, and was re-opened in 1887. Pacific Grove incorporated in 1889.

Pacific Grove, California city hall.

Pacific Grove, like Carmel-by-the-Sea and Monterey, became an artists' haven in the 1890s and subsequent period. Artists of the En plein air school in both Europe and the United States were seeking an outdoor venue which had natural beauty, so that Pacific Grove was a magnet for this movement. William Adam was an English painter who first moved to Monterey and then decided on Pacific Grove for his home in 1906. At about the same time Eugen Neuhaus, a German painter, arrived in Pacific Grove with his new bride. Charles B. Judson was an artist of aristocratic lineage who painted in Pacific Grove over a long period of time beginning in 1907; Judson's murals decorate the halls of the California Academy of Sciences.

For a number of years, John Steinbeck lived in a cottage in Pacific Grove owned by his father, Ernest, who was Monterey County Treasurer. The cottage still stands on a quiet side street, without any plaque or special sign, virtually overlooked by most Steinbeck fans. In Steinbeck's book Sweet Thursday, a chapter is dedicated to describing a (probably fictional) rivalry that arose among the town's residents over the game of roque.

Local traditions include a Butterfly Parade, in which elementary schoolchildren dress in various costumes and march through town, and the Feast of Lanterns, a Chinese-styled pageant in which a high school girl and her companions act out a melodrama.

In the 1980s, Pacific Grove was the site of the pioneering microcomputer software house Digital Research.

In recent years, Pacific Grove has seen a decrease in its population of young people with children, due to the high cost of housing and the mismatch between housing prices and the incomes available from the primarily tourist-centered local economy.^{[citation needed]}

On October 12, 1997, John Denver died when he crashed into the Pacific Ocean off Pacific Grove in his personal plane.

Environmental features and geography

Monarch Sanctuary in Pacific Grove

Pacific Grove contains several habitat types including marine, littoral, pine forest and mixed oak woodland. The famed breeding habitat for the Monarch butterfly is situated in the southern part of town imbedded in residential neighborhoods in mixed oak forests. These Monarchs migrate 2000 miles to reach Pacific Grove after their summer in Canada, often soaring as high as 3000 meters. The black-and-orange butterflies spend much of the fall and winter in the local Monterey Pine trees, roughly from Halloween until Valentine's Day. Residents of Pacific Grove help the butterfly's habitat by planting purple and yellow flowers, such as lantara, yellow aster, Pride of Madera, and Mexican Sage, in what are called Butterfly Gardens. City Ordinance No. 352 makes it a misdemeanor to kill or threaten a butterfly, punishable by a $1000 fine.

Pacific Grove Marine Gardens State Marine Conservation Area, Lovers Point State Marine Reserve, Edward F. Ricketts State Marine Conservation Area and Asilomar State Marine Reserve are marine protected areas in the waters around Pacific Grove. Like underwater parks, these marine protected areas help conserve ocean wildlife and marine ecosystems.

The principal noise source in Pacific Grove is State Route 68. There are approximately 800 residents exposed to sound levels of 60 CNEL or above, making Pacific Grove noticeably more quiet than its neighbor Monterey, which has more tourist traffic and more through traffic (Hogan, 1980).

The town sits between its two well known neighbors, Pebble Beach and Monterey. Carmel-by-the-Sea is the next city, five miles to the south, and the community of Big Sur is 30 miles south. Pacific Grove is a favorite vacation getaway for San Francisco Bay Area residents, located two and a half hours south of San Francisco.

The town does not allow development on the waterside of the ocean-front street, so that the beaches and scenic points are unobstructed. Plans for the one private residential parcel on the waterside of the street about one half mile north of Asilomar State Beach were the center of local controversy several years ago.

Pacific Grove is located at 36°37′9″N 121°55′16″W (36.619065, -121.921025). That places it on the Pacific Ocean between Monterey and Pebble Beach, about 40 miles south of Santa Cruz and about 100 miles south of San Francisco. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 4.0 square miles (10 km²). 2.9 square miles (7.5 km²) of it is land and 1.1 square miles (2.8 km²) of it (28.42%) is water. Asilomar, Lovers Point and the intervening coastline afford surfing, which is challenging due to near shore rocks, albeit waves are typically moderate in height.

Pacific Grove's climate is mild throughout the year, essentially the same as in neighboring Monterey, with most of the rain falling from November through April. Extreme temperatures are rare and fog is common, especially in the late night and early morning, all year. (See Monterey for more details.)

Demographics

2010

The 2010 United States Census reported that Pacific Grove had a population of 15,041. The population density was 3,758.1 people per square mile (1,451.0/km²). The racial makeup of Pacific Grove was 12,710 (84.5%) White, 199 (1.3%) African American, 78 (0.5%) Native American, 872 (5.8%) Asian, 49 (0.3%) Pacific Islander, 469 (3.1%) from other races, and 664 (4.4%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1,615 persons (10.7%).

The Census reported that 14,686 people (97.6% of the population) lived in households, 140 (0.9%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 215 (1.4%) were institutionalized.

There were 7,020 households, out of which 1,526 (21.7%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 2,934 (41.8%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 653 (9.3%) had a female householder with no husband present, 233 (3.3%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 349 (5.0%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 58 (0.8%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 2,609 households (37.2%) were made up of individuals and 1,012 (14.4%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.09. There were 3,820 families (54.4% of all households); the average family size was 2.74.

The population was spread out with 2,479 people (16.5%) under the age of 18, 988 people (6.6%) aged 18 to 24, 3,466 people (23.0%) aged 25 to 44, 4,864 people (32.3%) aged 45 to 64, and 3,244 people (21.6%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 48.1 years. For every 100 females there were 85.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 81.1 males.

There were 8,169 housing units at an average density of 2,041.1 per square mile (788.1/km²), of which 3,205 (45.7%) were owner-occupied, and 3,815 (54.3%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 3.8%; the rental vacancy rate was 4.4%. 7,071 people (47.0% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 7,615 people (50.6%) lived in rental housing units.

2000

As of the census of 2000, there were 15,522 people, 7,316 households, and 3,972 families residing in the city. The population density was 5,399.2 people per square mile (2,088.2/km²). There were 8,032 housing units at an average density of 2,793.9 per square mile (1,080.5/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 88.04% White, 1.14% African American, 0.55% Native American, 4.50% Asian, 0.26% Pacific Islander, 1.78% from other races, and 3.73% from two or more races. 7.14% of the population were Hispanic.

There were 7,316 households out of which 21.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 41.7% were married couples living together, 9.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 45.7% were non-families. 36.8% of all households were made up of individuals and 14.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.10 and the average family size was 2.75. The age distribution is: 17.8% under the age of 18, 5.7% from 18 to 24, 27.0% from 25 to 44, 29.9% from 45 to 64, and 19.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 45 years. For every 100 females there were 85.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 81.5 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $50,254, and the median income for a family was $59,569. Males had a median income of $43,897 versus $35,924 for females. The per capita income for the city was $31,277. About 3.0% of families and 5.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 4.6% of those under age 18 and 3.9% of those age 65 or over.

Notable residents

• Ernest K. Bramblett, politician
• Eleanor Cameron, author
• Joseph Campbell, mythologist
• Paul Fleischman, author
• Ben Jealous, NAACP President (2008–present)
• Slim Keith, socialite and fashion icon
• Gary Kildall, scientist and founder of Digital Research
• Ward Moore, science fiction writer
• Arthur Porges, science fiction writer
• Gina Prince-Bythewood, film director and writer
• Clark Ashton Smith, fantasy fiction writer
• John Steinbeck, author
• Bill Walsh, American football coach
• Frank Zappa, composer
• Laurence Yep, children's book author

Media

See also: Media in Monterey County

Local radio stations include KAZU-FM - 90.3. Television service for the community comes from the Monterey-Salinas-Santa Cruz designated market area (DMA). Local newspapers include the Monterey County Herald.

See also

• Pacific Grove High School
• Coastal California
• List of school districts in Monterey County, California
• Monterey county attractions

External links

• Pacific Grove Official Website
  • Pacific Grove Recreation Department
  • Pacific Grove Police Department
  • Pacific Grove Fire Department
  • Pacific Grove School District
  • Pacific Grove Public Library
• Pacific Grove Tourism Information (official Monterey County Convention and Visitors Bureau website)
• History of Pacific Grove (Pacific Grove Heritage Society)
• Pacific Grove Chamber of Commerce
• Pacific Grove- at Beach California