Pakuranga (New Zealand electorate)

Pakuranga is a New Zealand Parliamentary electorate. It gave the Social Credit Party one of its few MPs when Neil Morrison held the seat from 1984 to 1987, but otherwise the electorate seat has been held by the National Party since 1972. Its current MP is Maurice Williamson who has held the electorate since 1987 but will not seek re-election in 2017.

Population centres

Pakuranga is one of 64 general electorates used in New Zealand general elections. It covers part of eastern Auckland around the eponymous suburb of Pakuranga. Other population centres include Farm Cove, Half Moon Bay, Bucklands Beach, parts of Highland Park and parts of Howick.

The boundaries of the Pakuranga electorate were last adjusted in the 2007 redistribution. Initially, the Representation Commission proposed substantial changes, but after hearing objections mainly about Pakuranga, Manukau East, and Manurewa, the shape of the Pakuranga electorate reverted to almost the boundaries prior to the review.^[1] No boundary adjustments were undertaken in the subsequent 2013/14 redistribution.^[2]

History

Pakuranga was first contested in at the 1963 election, and won by future Labour Party frontbencher Bob Tizard. It was recaptured by National in 1972, and has stayed with National since, save for a brief interlude - the New Zealand Party's presence on the ballot paper in 1984 split the centre-right vote and handed the seat to Social Credit's Neil Morrison.

With the introduction of mixed-member proportional (MMP) representation in 1996 the seat was expanded to absorb the most of the neighbouring seat of Howick. Its boundaries have remained largely unchanged since; an attempt in 2007 to resurrect a seat around Howick by pulling the Pakuranga boundaries across the Tamaki River and adding Panmure, Point England and Glen Innes from Auckland City was abandoned in the face of strenuous local objection. Instead, Howick was renamed Botany and centred on the rapid-growth areas of Flat Bush, Botany Downs and Dannemora.

Pakuranga is considered a safe National seat, with current MP Maurice Williamson being easily re-elected at every election since ousting Morrison in 1987.^[3] In the 2014 election, Williamson had a majority of 12,867 votes over his nearest challenger, Barry Kirker of the Labour Party.^[4]

Members of Parliament

Unless otherwise stated, all MPs terms began and ended at a general election.

Key

Labour National Social Credit NZ First

Election	Winner
1963 election 1966 election 1969 election	width=5 bgcolor=Template:New Zealand Labour Party/meta/color\|	Bob Tizard
1972 election 1975 election	bgcolor=Template:New Zealand National Party/meta/color\|	Gavin Downie
1978 election 1981 election	bgcolor=Template:New Zealand National Party/meta/color\|	Pat Hunt
1984 election	bgcolor=Template:Social Credit Party (New Zealand)/meta/color\|	Neil Morrison
1987 election	rowspan=10 bgcolor=Template:New Zealand National Party/meta/color\|	Maurice Williamson
1990 election
1993 election
1996 election
1999 election
2002 election
2005 election
2008 election
2011 election
2014 election

List MPs

Members of Parliament elected from party lists in elections where that person also unsuccessfully contested the Pakuranga electorate. Unless otherwise stated, all MPs terms began and ended at general elections.

Election	Winner
2002 election	rowspan=2 width=5 bgcolor=Template:New Zealand First/meta/color\|	Pita Paraone
2005 election		Pita Paraone

Election results

2014 election

General election 2014: Pakuranga^[5]
Notes:		Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote. Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list. Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent. A Y or N denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively.
Party		Candidate		Votes	%	±%	Party votes	%	±%
	National	Y Maurice Williamson		20,388	59.75	−6.11	20,854	60.24	−2.56
	Labour	Barry Kirker		7,521	22.04	+0.25	5,511	15.92	−2.70
	Conservative Party of New Zealand	Andrew Craig		3,465	10.15	+4.95	1,930	5.57	+2.02
	ACT	Jamie Whyte		2,030	5.95	+3.35	1,021	2.95	+1.16
	NZ First						2,456	7.09	+1.42
	Green						2,192	6.33	+0.12
	Internet Mana						214	0.62	+0.50^[a]
	Legalise Cannabis						109	0.31	−0.03
	Maori Party						108	0.31	−0.02
	United Future						78	0.23	−0.23
	Civilian						16	0.05	+0.05
	Ban 1080						11	0.03	+0.03
	Democrats						8	0.02	±0.00
	Independent Coalition						8	0.02	+0.02
	Focus						4	0.01	+0.01
Informal votes				721			101
Total valid votes				34,125			34,621
Turnout				34,621	74.76	+4.77
	National hold		Majority	12,867	37.71	−6.35

2011 election

General election 2011: Pakuranga^[6]
Notes:		Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote. Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list. Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent. A Y or N denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively.
Party		Candidate		Votes	%	±%	Party votes	%	±%
	National	Y Maurice Williamson		20,694	65.86	+4.28	20,471	62.80	+3.10
	Labour	Sunny Kaushal		6,848	21.79	+0.17	6,068	18.62	-3.66
	Conservative Party of New Zealand	Lance Gedge		1,634	5.20	+5.20	1,156	3.55	+3.55
	NZ First	Helen Jane Mulford		1,430	4.55	+1.26	1,847	5.67	+2.18
	ACT	Chris Simmons		816	2.60	-3.74	585	1.79	-5.39
	Green						2,024	6.21	+2.61
	United Future						149	0.46	-0.50
	Legalise Cannabis						112	0.34	+0.12
	Māori Party						109	0.33	+0.03
	Mana						40	0.12	+0.12
	Alliance						20	0.06	+0.02
	Libertarianz						9	0.03	-0.01
	Democrats						5	0.02	+0.004
Informal votes				1,041			202
Total valid votes				31,422			32,595
	National hold		Majority	13,846	44.06	+4.10

Electorate (as at 26 November 2011): 45,912^[7]

2008 election

General election 2008: Pakuranga^[8]
Notes:		Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote. Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list. Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent. A Y or N denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively.
Party		Candidate		Votes	%	±%	Party votes	%	±%
	National	Y Maurice Williamson		21,430	61.58		21,099	59.70
	Labour	Brian Kelly		7,524	21.62		7,872	22.27
	ACT	Andrew Jollands		2,205	6.34		2,541	7.19
	Green	Zachary Dorner		1,480	4.25		1,273	3.60
	NZ First	Pita Paraone		1,146	3.29		1,231	3.48
	United Future	Quentin Todd		409	1.18		338	0.96
	Progressive	Jeffrey Ly		354	1.02		265	0.75
	Kiwi	Brian Hilder		252	0.72		123	0.35
	Family Party						186	0.53
	Bill and Ben						137	0.39
	Māori Party						106	0.30
	Legalise Cannabis						79	0.22
	Pacific						38	0.11
	Alliance						15	0.04
	Libertarianz						13	0.04
	Workers Party						12	0.03
	RAM						6	0.02
	Democrats						4	0.01
	RONZ						4	0.01
Informal votes				329			80
Total valid votes				34,800			35,342
	National hold		Majority	13,906	39.96

2005 election

General election 2005: Pakuranga^[9]
Notes:		Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote. Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list. Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent. A Y or N denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively.
Party		Candidate		Votes	%	±%	Party votes	%	±%
	National	Y Maurice Williamson		19,159	54.03		19,173	53.28
	Labour	Michael Wood		9,577	27.01		10,810	30.31
	Independent	Steve Baron		1,807	5.10
	NZ First	Pita Paraone		1,398	3.54		2105	5.85
	ACT	Bronny Jacobson		1,216	3.43		1,354	3.76
	United Future	Ian McInnes		833	2.35		878	2.44
	Progressive	Ly Meng		560	1.58		297	0.83
	Destiny	David Jesze		488	1.38		206	0.57
	Christian Heritage	Ewen McQueen		373	1.05		80	0.22
	Direct Democracy	Kevin Moore		49	0.14		11	0.03
	Green						907	2.52
	Māori Party						73	0.20
	Legalise Cannabis						36	0.10
	Libertarianz						14	0.04
	Alliance						13	0.04
	RONZ						7	0.02
	99 MP						6	0.02
	One NZ						6	0.02
	Family Rights						5	0.01
	Democrats						4	0.01
Informal votes				359			88
Total valid votes				35,460			35,983
	National hold		Majority	9,582	27.02

2002 election

General election 2002: Pakuranga^[10]
Notes:		Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote. Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list. Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent. A Y or N denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively.
Party		Candidate		Votes	%	±%	Party votes	%	±%
	National	Y Maurice Williamson		14,010	43.42		8,470	26.02
	Labour	Michael Wood		9,454	29.30		10,375	31.87
	ACT	Andrew Jollands		2,419	7.50		4,712	14.47
	NZ First	Pita Paraone		2,001	6.20		3,859	11.85
	United Future	Ian McInnes		1,461	4.53		2,543	7.88
	Green	David Rose		1,040	3.22		1,173	3.60
	Christian Heritage	Jonothan Ko		876	2.71		426	1.31
	Progressive	Meng Ly		478	1.48		396	1.22
	Alliance	Paul Protheroe		158	0.49		192	0.58
	ORNZ						204	0.63
	Legalise Cannabis						93	0.28
	One NZ						20	0.06
	NMP						4	0.01
	Mana Māori						0.00
Informal votes				378			84
Total valid votes				32,266			32,553
	National hold		Majority	4,556

Table footnotes

^ 2014 Internet Mana swing is relative to the votes for Mana in 2011; it shared a party list with Internet in the 2014 election.

References

^ Report of the Representation Commission 2007 (PDF). Representation Commission. 14 September 2007. pp. 8, 13. ISBN 978-0-477-10414-2. Retrieved 4 October 2014.
^ Report of the Representation Commission 2014 (PDF). Representation Commission. 4 April 2014. p. 9. ISBN 978-0-477-10414-2. Retrieved 4 October 2014.
^ "Hon Maurice Williamson". New Zealand Parliament. Retrieved 4 October 2014.
^ "Official Count Results -- Pakuranga". Electoral Commission. 4 October 2014. Retrieved 4 October 2014.
^ "Official Count Results - Pakuranga (2014)". Electoral Commission. Retrieved 14 April 2016.
^ "Official Count Results - Pakuranga (2011)". Electoral Commission. Retrieved 24 July 2015.
^ "Enrolment statistics". Electoral Commission. 26 November 2011. Retrieved 27 November 2011.
^ [1] Archived November 12, 2008, at the Wayback Machine
^ [2]^{[dead link]}
^ "Official Count Results - Pakuranga". Electionresults.govt.nz. Retrieved 2015-07-24.

External links

Electorate Profile Parliamentary Library

[Internet_Mana-6] 2014 Internet Mana swing is relative to the votes for Mana in 2011; it shared a party list with Internet in the 2014 election.

[1] Report of the Representation Commission 2007 (PDF). Representation Commission. 14 September 2007. pp. 8, 13. ISBN 978-0-477-10414-2. Retrieved 4 October 2014.

[2] Report of the Representation Commission 2014 (PDF). Representation Commission. 4 April 2014. p. 9. ISBN 978-0-477-10414-2. Retrieved 4 October 2014.

[3] "Hon Maurice Williamson". New Zealand Parliament. Retrieved 4 October 2014.

[4] "Official Count Results -- Pakuranga". Electoral Commission. 4 October 2014. Retrieved 4 October 2014.

[5] "Official Count Results - Pakuranga (2014)". Electoral Commission. Retrieved 14 April 2016.

[7] "Official Count Results - Pakuranga (2011)". Electoral Commission. Retrieved 24 July 2015.

[enrolment-8] "Enrolment statistics". Electoral Commission. 26 November 2011. Retrieved 27 November 2011.

[9] [1] Archived November 12, 2008, at the Wayback Machine

[10] [2]^{[dead link]}

[11] "Official Count Results - Pakuranga". Electionresults.govt.nz. Retrieved 2015-07-24.

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v t e Current New Zealand electorates
North Island	Auckland Central Bay of Plenty Botany Coromandel East Coast East Coast Bays Epsom Hamilton East Hamilton West Hutt South Kaipara ki Mahurangi Kelston Mana Māngere Manurewa Maungakiekie Mount Albert Mount Roskill Napier New Lynn New Plymouth North Shore Northcote Northland Ōhāriu Ōtaki Pakuranga Palmerston North Panmure-Ōtāhuhu Papakura Port Waikato Rangitīkei Remutaka Rongotai Rotorua Takanini Tāmaki Taranaki-King Country Taupō Tauranga Te Atatū Tukituki Upper Harbour Waikato Wairarapa Wellington Central Whanganui Whangaparāoa Whangārei
South Island	Banks Peninsula Christchurch Central Christchurch East Dunedin Ilam Invercargill Kaikōura Nelson Rangitata Selwyn Southland Taieri Waimakariri Waitaki West Coast-Tasman Wigram
Māori	Hauraki-Waikato Ikaroa-Rāwhiti Tāmaki Makaurau Te Tai Hauāuru Te Tai Tokerau Te Tai Tonga Waiariki