Pakanic languages

Pakanic
Palyu, Mangic
Geographic distribution:	Indochina
Linguistic classification:	Austro-Asiatic Khasi–Khmuic Palaungo-Khmuic Palaungo-Pakanic Pakanic
Subdivisions:	—

The Pakanic languages, also known as Palyu and often including Mangic, are a tentative, recently identified branch of Austro-Asiatic languages. They are spoken in southern China and northern Vietnam.

Classification

In 1990, Paul K. Benedict had argued for the Mangic languages to be a separate Mon-Khmer branch. However, Gerard Diffloth later suggested an affinity with Palaungic. Nguyen Van Loi also classified Mangic within the Samtau group of Waic with Palaungic, although in later classified Mangic as a sister of Waic (Sidwell 2009:133). Peiros (2004) includes Mang within Pakanic, though Paul Sidwell questions whether and how many of the languages will prove to be a new branch of Austro-Asiatic.

However, Li Yunbing (2005) separates these languages into a Pakanic branch and Mangic branch (Li 2005:307). According to Li (2005), Mangic is sometimes merged into Palaungic.

• Pakanic
  • Bolyu 巴琉语 (Paliu, Lai 俫语)
  • Bugan 布甘语 (Bogan, Pukan, Pakan, Bugeng 布赓语)
• Mangic
  • Mang 莽语 – spoken in Lai Chau Provinces, Vietnam and Yunnan, China
  • Buxing (Buxin, Bit) 布兴语 – spoken in Mengla County, Yunnan, China as well as Luang Namtha Province and Phongsaly Province in Laos
  • Khang 抗语 – spoken in Son La and Lai Chau Provinces, Vietnam kjm
  • Kemie 克蔑语 – spoken in Jinghong County, Sipsongpanna, Yunnan, China
  • Kuan 宽语^{[citation needed]} (Damai) – spoken in Jinghong County, Sipsongpanna, Yunnan, China xnh
  • Xinh Mun 欣门语 (Ksingmul?) puo

See also

• Mon–Khmer languages

References

• 李云兵 / Li Yunbing. 2005. 布赓语研究 / Bugeng yu yan jiu (A Study of Bugeng [Bugan]). Beijing: 民族出版社 / Min zu chu ban she.

Further reading

• Sidwell, Paul (2009). Classifying the Austroasiatic languages: history and state of the art. LINCOM studies in Asian linguistics, 76. Munich: Lincom Europa.
• Edmondson, Jerold A. 1995. "English-Bolyu glossary." Mon–Khmer Studies 24: 133-159.
• Edmondson, Jerold A. and Kenneth J. Gregerson. 1996. "Bolyu tone in Vietic perspective." Mon–Khmer Studies 26: 117-33.
• Sidwell, Paul. 1995. "Bolyu is a Mon–Khmer language: even if Benedict says so!" La Trobe working papers in linguistics. Volume 8 (1995). Bundoora, Victoria: Linguistics Program, La Trobe University.
• Li Jinfang. 1996. "Bugan — A New Mon–Khmer Language of Yunnan Province, China." Mon–Khmer Studies 26:135-160.
• Tan Sijie, et. al. 2007. "Y-chromosome polymorphisms define the origin of the Mang, an isolated population in China." In Annals of Human Biology, Vol. 34, No. 5, Pages 573-581.

Chinese

• 李旭练 / Li Xulian. 1999. 倈语硏究 / Lai yu yan jiu. Beijing: 中央民族大学出版社 / Zhong yang min zu da xue chu ban she.
• 高永奇 / Gao Yongqi. 2003. 莽语硏究 / Mang yu yan jiu (A Study of Mang). Beijing: 民族出版社 / Min zu chu ban she.
• 高永奇 / Gao Yongqi. 2004. 布兴语研究 / Buxing yu yan jiu (A Study of Buxing). Beijing: 民族出版社 / Min zu chu ban she.
• 陈国庆 / Chen Guoqing. 2005. 克蔑语研究 / Kemie yu yan jiu (A Study of Kemie). Beijing: 民族出版社 / Min zu chu ban she.

External links

• Mang vocabulary from SEAlang
• Bolyu vocabulary from SEAlang