Patron saints of places
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This is an incomplete list, which may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by expanding it with reliably sourced entries.
This article features a list of patron saints of places by nation, region and town/city. If a place is not here it may be in Patronage of the Blessed Virgin Mary.
Contents |
Continents[edit]
- Asia
- Africa – Moses the Black
- The Americas – Joseph,[2] the Virgin Mary (as Our Lady of Guadalupe[3][4]), Innocent of Alaska, Isaac Jogues and companions, Herman of Alaska, Tikhon of Moscow
- Europe – Benedict of Nursia,[5][6] Saints Cyril and Methodius,[7][8] Bridget of Sweden,[5] Catherine of Siena,[5] Edith Stein[5]
Countries and Provinces[edit]
- Algeria – Cyprian of Carthage[10]
- Andorra – Mary (as Our Lady of Meritxell)
- Angola – Immaculate Heart of Mary[5][10]
- Argentina – Francis Solanus, Blessed Laura Vicuña, Martin of Tours, Mary (as Our Lady of Luján[5])
- Armenia – Gregory the Illuminator,[5] Bartholomew and Jude the Apostles
- Australia – Mary (as Our Lady, Help of Christians[5]) As of 15th January 2013, the Church has recognized Saint Mary of the Cross, Mary MacKillop as the Patron of Australasia (both Australia and New Zealand)[11]
- Austria – Joseph,[10] Colman of Stockerau,[12] Saint Florian,[10] Koloman, Leopold the Good, Maurice,[10] Severinus of Noricum, Vergilius of Salzburg
- Upper Austria – Florian
- Styria – Joseph
- Carinthia – Joseph
- Albania – Mary (as Our Lady of Good Counsel[5])
- Barbados – Andrew[13]
- Belgium – Joseph[5]
- Bolivia – Mary (as Our Lady of Candelaria,[5] of Copacabana,[5] and of Mount Carmel[15])
- Bosnia and Herzegovina – Cyril and Methodius
- Brazil – Mary (as Our Lady of Aparecida[5][15] and of the Immaculate Conception[5]), Peter of Alcantara,[5] Anthony of Padua
- Minas Gerais – Mary (as Our Lady of Piety)
- Bulgaria – Cyril[disambiguation needed], John of Rila
- Canada – Anne,[5] Jean de Brébeuf, Joseph, the North American Martyrs[3]
- Chile – James the Greater,[5] Mary (as Our Lady of Mount Carmel[5]), Teresa of the Andes
- China – Joseph,[5] Mary (as Our Lady of Sheshan), Francis Xavier
- Colombia – Louis Bertrand,[5] Peter Claver[5]
- Costa Rica – Mary (as Our Lady of the Angels).
- Croatia – Jerome, Cyril and Methodius, Joseph
- Congo-Kinshasa – Mary (as Our Lady of the Immaculate Conception[16])
- Cuba – Mary (as Our Lady of Charity[5])
- Cyprus – Barnabas,[17] Lazarus, Saint Marina the Martyr
- Czech Republic – Adalbert of Prague, John of Nepomuk, Ludmila, Cyril and Methodius, Procopius[disambiguation needed], Sigismund, Wenceslas, Vitus
- Denmark – Ansgar,[5] Canute IV[5]
- Dominican Republic – Altagracia, Dominic[5]
- Ecuador – the Immaculate Heart of Mary,[18] the Sacred Heart,[5] Mary Anne de Paredes (Spanish: Mariana de Paredes y Flores)
- Egypt – Mark the Evangelist[18]
- El Salvador – Mary (as Our Lady of Peace[5])
- Equatorial Guinea – Mary (as Our Lady of the Immaculate Conception[5])
- Ethiopia – Frumentius, George[5]
- Finland – Henry of Uppsala[5]
- France – Denis, Martin of Tours, Louis IX, Mary (as Our Lady of the Assumption[5]), Joan of Arc,[5] Remigius (French: Remy), Thérèse de Lisieux[5]
- Georgia – George,[5] Saint Nino
- Germany – Adalbert of Magdeburg, Ansgar,[19] Boniface,[5] Bruno of Cologne, Peter Canisius, Kilian of Würzburg, Michael the Archangel[5] Swithbert, George
- Bavaria – Jadwiga of Poland (German: Hedwig), Kilian, Sebaldus (Sebald)
- Saxony – Willehad of Bremen
- Greece – George, Andrew the Apostle, Nicholas of Myra, Mary (as Panagia), Paul the Apostle[20]
- Euboea – Paraskevi of Rome
- Crete – Titus
- Kerkira Island – Spyridon
- Laconia – Nikon
- Skiathos Island – Mary (as Panagia Kastriani)
- Skopelos Island – Riginos
- Tzia Island – Mary (as Panagia Kastriani)
- Guatemala – James the Greater[20]
- Haiti – Mary (as Our Lady of Perpetual Succor[20])
- Honduras – Mary (as Our Lady of Suyapa[20])
- Hungary – Adalbert of Prague, Astricus, Emeric of Hungar (Hungarian: Imre), Cyril[disambiguation needed],[21] Gerard Sagredo, Stephen of Hungary,[5] Mary
- Iceland – Ansgar,[22] Thorlac Thorhallsson[5]
- India – Thomas the Apostle and Francis Xavier,[22] Mary (as Our Lady of the Assumption[5]), Joseph
- Indonesia and the East Indies – Thomas the Apostle, Francis Xavier
- Iran or Persia – Maruthas
- Ireland – Patrick, Columba,[5] Brigid of Kildare[23]
- Italy – Catherine of Siena,[5] Francis of Assisi[5]
- Japan – Peter Baptist,[5] Joseph
- Jordan – John the Baptist[22]
- Korea – Joseph,[5] Mary (as Our Lady of the Immaculate Conception)
- Lebanon – Mary (as Our Lady of Lebanon), Barbara
- Lesotho – the Immaculate Heart of Mary[5][18]
- Lithuania – Casimir,[24]Cunigunde of Luxemburg,[5]John of Dukla, John of Kanty, George
- Luxembourg – Cunigunde of Luxemburg;,[4][5] Willibrord[5]
- Macedonia – Clement of Ohrid, Cyril and Methodius
- Malta – George, Agatha of Sicily, Pius V, Publius, Mary (as Our Lady of the Assumption),[5] Paul the Apostle,[5]
- Mexico – Mary (as Our Lady of Guadalupe[5]), Philip of Jesus, Joseph[25]
- Madagascar – Vincent de Paul
- Mexico
- Moldova – George
- Monaco –Devota[26]
- Montenegro – Cyril and Methodius, George
- Moravia – Cyril and Methodius[5] Methodius of Thessaloniki, Wenceslas
- Netherlands – Plechelm, Willibrord[5]
- New Caledonia – Mary (as Our Lady of the Assumption[9])
- New Zealand – Mary (as Our Lady, Help of Christians[5]), Joseph
- Nicaragua – James the Greater[9]
- Nigeria – Patrick[9]
- Norway – Olaf II (Rex Perpetuus Norvegiae),[5] Magnus of Orkney,[9]
- Palestine – Our Lady Queen of Palestine, Saint George.
- Pakistan – Francis Xavier[27]
- Papua New Guinea – Michael the Archangel
- Paraguay – Mary (as Our Lady of Luján[27]), Martin of Tours[5]
- Peru – Rose of Lima, Turibius of Mogroveio, Joseph[5]
- Philippines – St. Lorenzo Ruiz, Mary (as Our Lady of Guadalupe[5] and of the Immaculate Conception[27]) and her Immaculate Heart,[5] Pedro Calungsod, Rose of Lima
- Bicol – Mary (as Our Lady of Peñafrancia)
- Cagayan – Mary (as Our Lady of Piat)
- Western Visayas – Mary (as Our Lady of Candelaria)
- Poland – Casimir,[24] Hyacinth, Cunigunde of Luxemburg[5] Adalbert of Prague,[28] Mary (as Our Lady of Czestochowa),[5] John of Kanty, Stanislaus of Cracow[5]
- Portugal – Anthony of Padua,[5] Francis Borgia,[5] Gabriel the Archangel, John de Brito, Mary (as Our Lady of Fátima and of the Immaculate Conception[5]), Vincent of Saragossa,[5] George,[5] James the Greater
- Romania – John of Suceava, Andrew the Apostle, Nicetas of Remesiana
- Russia – Basil the Great –,[29] Casimir,[29] Vladimir I of Kiev, Joseph,[29] Thérèse de Lisieux,[5] George, Andrew the Apostle[30]
- San Marino – Marinus, Nicholas of Myra[5][29]
- Serbia – Sava, Stephen, Cyril and Methodius, George
- Slovakia – Cyril and Methodius, Mary (as Our Lady of Sorrows[5])
- Slovenia – Cyril and Methodius
- Solomon Islands – Michael the Archangel[31]
- South Africa – Martin of Tours[5]
- Spain – James the Greater (Spanish: Santiago), Mary (as Our Lady of the Immaculate Conception[31]), Teresa of Avila[5]
- Sri Lanka – Lawrence,[5]
- Sudan – Josephine Bakhita
- Sweden – Brigit,[32] Eric IX,[5] and Sigfrid of Sweden
- Switzerland – Gall, Nicholas of Flue[33]
- Syria – Barbara
- Tanzania – Mary (as Our Lady of the Immaculate Conception[32])
- Ukraine – Josaphat,[34] Andrew the Apostle, Vladimir I of Kiev
- United Kingdom
- England – George,[5] Edmund the Martyr, Edward the Confessor, Michael the Archangel[18]
- Berkshire – Birinus[citation needed]
- Chester – Werburgh
- Cornwall – Piran, Michael the Archangel, Petroc[citation needed]
- Devon – Petroc, Nechtan
- Dorset – Wite
- East Anglia – Edmund the Martyr; Suffolk
- Essex – Cedd
- The English Fens – Guthlac[citation needed]
- Herefordshire – Dubricius[citation needed]
- Kent – Augustine of Canterbury
- Lincoln – Hugh of Lincoln
- Mercia – Chad of Mercia, Alban
- Northumbria – Cuthbert of Lindisfarne, Oswald
- Oxford – Frideswide
- Sussex – Richard of Chichester, Wilfrid
- Wessex – Aldhelm, Swithun
- West Riding of Yorkshire – Wilfrid
- Wiltshire – Osmund
- Winchester – Swithun
- Scotland – Andrew the Apostle,[30] Margaret of Scotland, Columba,[5][22] Palladius
- Wales – David of Wales[32] (Welsh: Dewi Sant)
- Ergyng – Dubricius (Dyfrig)
- Wrexham – Richard Gwyn
- Gibraltar (territory) – Bernard of Clairvaux,[35] Mary (as Our Lady of Europe)
- Isle of Man (sovereign dependency) – Maughold
- Jersey (sovereign dependency) – Helier
- England – George,[5] Edmund the Martyr, Edward the Confessor, Michael the Archangel[18]
- United States – Mary (as Our Lady of the Immaculate Conception[32])
- Colorado – Francis of Assisi
- Louisiana – Mary (as Our Lady of Prompt Succor)
- Uruguay – James the Less, Philip the Apostle,[36] Mary (as Our Lady of the Thirty-Three[citation needed])
- Venezuela – Mary (as Our Lady of Coromoto[32])
- Vietnam – Joseph
Former states[edit]
- Czechoslovakia – Adalbert of Prague,[19] John of Nepomuk,[5] Ludmila, Cyril and Methodius,[19] Wenceslas[5]
- Flanders – Willibrord
- Lorraine – Nicholas of Myra
- The Mi'kmaq Nation – Anne
- Prussia – Adalbert of Prague, Dorothy of Montau, Jutta of Kulmsee
- Moldavia – John of Suceava
- Yugoslavia – Cyril and Methodius[16]
Cities and towns[edit]
Australia
Austria
Belgium
- Anderlecht – Guy of Anderlecht[38]
- Antwerp – Walburga
- Bruges – Andrew the Apostle[39]
- Brussels – Gudula, Michael (archangel)
- Ghent – Bavo, Macarius of Antioch, Pharaildis
- Lier – Gummarus
- Mons – Waltrude[40]
- Oudenarde – Walburga
- Temse – Amalberga
Brazil
Canada
Croatia
- Dubrovnik – Blaise
- Losinj- Gaudentius of Ossero
- Rab – Christopher
- Rijeka – Vitus
- Sisak – Quirinus
- Split – Duje
- Zagreb – Mary
Cuba
Czech Republic
Ecuador
Egypt
France
- Abbeville – Wulfram of Sens
- Albi – Cecilia
- Autun – Symphorian
- Avignon – Agricola of Avignon -,[41] Benezet
- Baume-les-Messieurs, Fleury-sur-Loire – Drogo
- Besançon – Ferreolus and Ferrutio
- Dijon – Benignus of Dijon, Urban of Langres
- Saint-Fiacre – Fiacre
- Gap, Hautes-Alpes – Arnulph
- Limoges – Martial
- LourdesBernadette of Lourdes
- Orléans – Joan of Arc
- Paris – Denis,[27] Genevieve
- Ploërmel – Saint Armel
- Plourin – Budoc
- Toulouse – Saturnin
- Tours – Gatianus of Tours, Martin of Tours
- Vannes – Paternus
Germany
- Aachen – Mary, Matthias
- Augsburg – Afra, Ulric
- Berlin – Benno, Otto of Bamberg, Hedwig of Silesia
- Bonn – Cassius of Narni, Adelaide
- Bremen – Oscar
- Cologne – Cunibert, Ursula
- Düsseldorf – Apollinaris of Ravenna
- Hamburg – Oscar
- Hanover – Matthias
- Frankfurt am Main – Helen
- Freiburg im Breisgau – George
- Koblenz – Mary
- Konstanz – Pelagius of Constance
- Mainz – Alban of Mainz, Boniface
- Munich – Benno
- Nuremberg – Sebaldus
- Regensburg – Wolfgang, Emmeram
- Stuttgart – Christopher
- Trier – Maximinus, Peter
Great Britain
- Aberdeen – Machar, Nicholas
- Abingdon – Edmund of Abingdon, Helen
- Barra – Finbarr
- Bodmin – Petroc
- Boston – Botulph
- Buckingham – Rumwold
- Caerleon – Cadog
- Canterbury – Augustine of Canterbury, Thomas Beckett
- Cardiff – Teilo, Piran
- Chester – Werburgh
- Chichester – Richard of Chichester
- Colchester – Helen of Constantinople
- Crowland – Guthlac
- Derby – Alcmund of Derby
- Dorchester-on-Thames – Birinus
- Droitwich – Richard of Chichester
- Durham, England – Cuthbert of Lindisfarne
- Edinburgh, Scotland – Giles
- Ely – Etheldreda
- Exeter – Sativola (English: Sidwell)
- Glasgow – Kentigern, Theneva
- Hereford – Thomas Cantilupe
- Holywell – Winifred
- Lennox, Scotland – Kessog
- Lichfield, England – Chad of Mercia
- Lincoln – Hugh of Lincoln
- Liverpool – Nicholas
- Llandeilo Fawr – Teilo
- Llantwit Major – Illtud
- London – Erkenwald, George, Mellitus, Paul the Apostle
- Malmesbury – Aldhelm
- Newport – Gwynllyw the Bearded
- Oxford – Frideswide
- Padstow – Piran
- Paisley – Saint Mirin
- Perranporth – Piran
- Portsmouth -Thomas Beckett, Nicholas of Myra
- Reading – James the Greater
- Ripon – Wilfrid
- St. Albans – Alban
- St. Brides Wentloog – Brigit of Kildare (Welsh: Ffraid)
- St. Davids – David (Dewi Sant)
- St. Helier, Jersey – Helier
- Salisbury – Osmund
- Shrewsbury – Winifred
- Stafford – Bertelin
- Steyning – Cuthman
- Winchcombe – Kenelm
- Winchester – Swithun
- Worcester – Oswald of Worcester, Wulfstan
- Wrexham – Richard Gwyn
- York – Peter, William of York
Greece
- Agios Nikolaos, Crete – Nicholas
- Athens – Dionysius the Arepagite
- Cephallonia – Gerasimus of Cephallonia
- Corfu – Arsenius of Corfu, Spyridon
- Corinth – Dionysius of Corinth
- Heraklion – Menas
- Larissa – Achillius of Larissa
- Lefkada – Spyridon
- Patras – Andrew
- Piraeus – Spyridon
- Skiathos – Mary
- Skopelos – Riginos
- Sparta – Nikon the Metanoeite
- Syros – Nicholas
- Thessaloniki – Demetrius of Thessaloniki
- Tinos – Pelagia
- Zakynthos – Dionysios of Zakynthos
Hungary
Ireland
- Clonmacnoise – Ciaran the Younger
- Cloyne – Colman of Cloyne
- Cork – Finbarr
- Dublin – Laurence O'Toole
- Fahan – Mura
- Ferns – Aeden of Ferns
- Kilbarry/Tarmonberry – Berach[42]
- Kilmallock, County Limerick – Mochelloc
- Limerick – Munchin
- Ross – Fachanan
Italy
- Abruzzi – Saint Gabriel of Our Lady of Sorrows
- Amalfi – Andrew the Apostle[30]
- Ancona, Italy – Judas Cyriacus
- Aosta – Gratus of Aosta
- Aquila – Maximus of Aquila
- Assisi – Francis of Assisi
- Bari – Nicholas, Sabinus
- Benevento – Arthelais, Barbatus of Benevento
- Bergamo – Alexander of Bergamo
- Bologna – Saint Petronius
- Caltanissetta – Michael
- Capriate San Gervasio – Alexander of Bergamo[43]
- Castellabate – Constabilis
- Castelplanio – Joseph
- Catania – Agatha,[44] Aloysius Gonzaga[45]
- Cervignano d'Adda – Alexander of Bergamo[46]
- Cuneo – Michael (archangel)
- Craco – Vincenzo Martyr
- Fabriano – Adrian of Nicomedia[47]
- Ferrara – George
- Florence – John the Baptist, Joseph, Zenobius
- Fonte Nuova – Joseph
- Genoa – George, John the Baptist, Syrus of Genoa
- Grosseto – Adrian and Natalia of Nicomedia[47]
- Imperia – Leonard of Port Maurice
- La Spezia – Joseph
- Ladispoli – Joseph
- Lecce – Bernadino Realino
- Maccia Valfortore – Nicholas
- Matelica – Adrian and Natalia of Nicomedia[47]
- Messina – Aloysius Gonzaga[45]
- Milan – Ambrose
- Modica, Sicily – George
- Naples, Italy – Agnellus, Aloysius Gonzaga,[45] Alphonsus Maria de Liguori,[45] Andrew Avellino, James of the Marches, Januarius, John IV, Bishop of Naples, Patricia of Naples
- Nocera – Raynald of Nocera
- Orvieto – Joseph
- Otranto – Antonio Primaldo and his Companion Martyrs
- Palermo – Agatha, Benedict the Black, Rosalia
- Pavia, Italy – Syrus of Pavia (Siro), Theodore of Pavia
- Pescia – Abdon[48]
- Pisa – Rainerius
- Ponza – Silverius
- Querceta, Seravezza – Joseph
- Randazzo – Joseph
- Reggio Calabria – George
- Reggio Emilia – Prosper of Reggio
- Ripacandida – Donatus
- Rome – Lawrence, Martina of Rome, Philip Neri, Paul, Peter, Sebastian
- Sant'Agata de' Goti – Alphonsus Maria de Liguori[45]
- Siena – Ansanus the Baptizer, Ambrose Sansedoni of Siena
- Sorrento – Antoninus of Sorrento
- Spadafora – Joseph
- Syracuse – Lucy of Syracuse
- Taranto – Catald
- Trapani – Albert of Trapani,[49]
- Turin – John the Baptist, Joseph, Maximus of Turin, Octavius, Solutor
- Urbino – Crescentinus
- Venice – Mark the Evangelist[36] George, Theodore of Amasea
- Veroli – Mary Salome
- Verona – Zeno of Verona
- Volperino, Foligno – Maro
Lebanon
Lithuania
Malta
- Birgu – Lawrence
- Birkirkara – Anthony of Padua, Saint Helena, Joseph, Our Lady of Mount Carmel
- Birzebbugia – Peter
- Kalkara – Joseph
- Luqa – Andrew
- Marsaskala – Anne
- Mdina, p. aul the Apostle's Conversion
- Msida – Joseph
- Qala – Joseph
- Siġġiewi – Nicholas
- Valletta – Saint Augustine, Saint Dominic, Our Lady of Mount Carmel, Paul the Apostle
- Victoria, Gozo – George
- Xewkija, Gozo – John the Baptist
- Zejtun – Catherine of Alexandria
- Zurrieq – Catherine of Alexandria
Mexico
Montenegro
The Netherlands
- Amersfoort – George
- Amsterdam – Nicholas
- Groningen – Walburga
- Haarlem – Bavo
- Kerkrade – Saint Barbara
- Nijmegen – Stephen
- Utrecht – Martin of Tours
- Winschoten – Vitus
- Zutphen – Walburga
Norway
Phillipines
- Cabatuan, Iloilo, – Nicholas of Tolentino
- Cagayan de Oro – Augustine of Hippo
- Calatagan – Dominic of Silos
- Cavite – Francis of Assisi
- Cebu – Pedro Calungsod
- Lipa – Sebastian
- Manila – Lorenzo Ruiz
- Obando, Bulacan – Pascal Baylon, Claire of Assisi
- Pateros, Metro Manila – Martha, Roch
- Surigao City – Nicholas of Tolentino
- Taal – Martin of Tours
- Tandag – Nicholas of Tolentino
Poland
- Cracow – Faustina, Stanislaus of Szczepanów
- Częstochowa – Mary
- Łódź – Faustina
- Poznań – Paul, Peter
- Warsaw – Andrew Bobola, Faustina, Władysław of Gielniów
Portugal
Romania
- Bucharest, Romania – Dimitrie Basarabov
- Sfântu Gheorghe – George
Russia
Serbia
Slovakia
Slovenia
Spain
- Alcalá de Henares – Justus, Pastor
- Andalusia – Saint Luke
- Barcelona – Eulalia
- Calahorra – Emeterius and Celedonius
- Cartagena – Modestus
- Cordoba – Acisclus and Victoria –[50]
- Estremadura – Peter of Alcantara
- Granada, Spain – Caecilius of Elvira
- Jaén – Saint Luke
- Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (Canary Islands) – Anne
- Madrid – Eustace, Isidore the Farmer, Justus, Pastor
- Mallorca – Alphonsus Rodriguez -[51]
- Sahagun – Abdon[48]
- San Cristóbal de La Laguna (Canary Islands) – Christopher
- Santa Cruz de Tenerife – James the Greater
- Santander – Emeterius and Celedonius
- Santiago de Compostela – James the Greater
- Sestao – Peter
- Seville, Spain – Ferdinand III of Castile, Justa
- Toledo – Leocadia
- Zamarramala – Agatha
Sweden
Turkey
Ukraine
United States
- Acoma Pueblo – James the Greater
- Arlington, Virginia – Thomas More
- Boston – Patrick
- Detroit, Michigan – Anne
- Kalamazoo, Michigan – Augustine of Hippo
- Las Vegas, Nevada – Paul the Apostle
- New Orléans, Louisiana – Expedite
- New York City – Patrick
- Ruskin, Florida – Anne
- Saint Augustine, Florida – Augustine of Hippo
- Saint Paul, Minnesota – Paul the Apostle
- Santa Fe, New Mexico – Francis of Assisi
- St. Louis, Missouri – Louis
- Superior, Wisconsin – Augustine of Hippo
- Taos, New Mexico – Anne, John the Apostle
- Thibodaux, Louisiana – Valeria of Milan
- Tucson, Arizona – Augustine of Hippo
Archdioceses and dioceses[edit]
- Mary
- Asicus – archdiocese of Elphin
- Augustine of Hippo – diocese of Bridgeport, Connecticut
- Eurosia – the diocese of Jaca
- Jarlath – the archdiocese of Tuam, Ireland
- Kevin – Archdiocese of Dublin, Ireland
- Lawrence O'Toole – archdiocese of Dublin, Ireland
- Louis – the Archdiocese of St. Louis
- Archdiocese of Seattle
- Stanislaus of Cracow – archdiocese of Cracow, Poland
- Francis of Assisi – the archdiocese of San Francisco, California
- Munchin – diocese of Limerick; Limerick (city)
- Saint Mary MacKillop – Roman Catholic Diocese of Wagga Wagga[52]
See also[edit]
- Patron saints of ailments, illness and dangers
- Patron saints of occupations and activities
- Patronage of the Blessed Virgin Mary
References[edit]
- ^ a b Walsh, p. 3.
- ^ a b Saint Joseph
- ^ a b Walsh, p. 6.
- ^ a b Walsh, p. 13.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd Bunson, p. 214.
- ^ http://www.catholicculture.org/news/features/index.cfm?recnum=57724
- ^ Jones, Terry. "Methodius". Patron Saints Index. Retrieved 18 February 2007.
- ^ "Egregiae Virtutis". Retrieved 26 April 2009. Apostolic letter of Pope John Paul II, 31 December 1980 (Latin)
- ^ a b c d e Walsh, p. 15.
- ^ a b c d e Walsh, p. 4.
- ^ Mary MacKillop at sqpn.com Retrieved 06.April 2013
- ^ Holweck, p. 225.
- ^ Who was St. Andrew?, Scotland.org
- ^ Saint Waltrude at saints.sqpn.com. Retrieved 26.March 2014.
- ^ a b Walsh, p. 5.
- ^ a b Walsh, p. 22.
- ^ Holweck, p. 133.
- ^ a b c d Walsh, p. 9.
- ^ a b c Walsh, p. 8.
- ^ a b c d Walsh, p. 11.
- ^ Holweck, p. 256.
- ^ a b c d Walsh, p. 12.
- ^ Holweck, p. 171.
- ^ a b Holweck, p. 182.
- ^ Walsh, p. 14.
- ^ Holweck, p. 273.
- ^ a b c d Walsh, p. 16.
- ^ Walsh, p. 17.
- ^ a b c d Walsh, p. 18.
- ^ a b c Holweck, p. 72.
- ^ a b Walsh, p. 19.
- ^ a b c d e Bunson, p. 215.
- ^ Walsh, p. 20.
- ^ Saint Josaphat Kuncevyc
- ^ Holweck, p. 154.
- ^ a b Walsh, p. 21.
- ^ Patron Saint of Vienna at gatesofvienna.blogspot.co.uk. Retrieved 24 April 2013.
- ^ Guy of Anderlecht at saints.sqpn.com. Retrieved 26.March 2013.
- ^ Andrew the Apostle at saints.sqpn.com. Retrieved 26.March 2013
- ^ Saint Waltrude at saints.sqpn.com. Retrieved 26.March 2014.
- ^ Holweck, p. 35.
- ^ St. Berach at sqpn.com Retrieved 05.April 2013
- ^ Alexander of Bergamo at sqpn.com Retrieved 05.April 2013
- ^ Holweck, p. 29.
- ^ a b c d e Holweck, p. 52.
- ^ Alexander of Bergamo at sqpn.com Retrieved 05.April 2013
- ^ a b c Holweck, p. 20.
- ^ a b Holweck, p. 3.
- ^ Holweck, p. 40
- ^ Holweck, p. 11.
- ^ Holweck, p. 53.
- ^ Mary MacKillop at sqpn.com Retrieved 06.April 2013
- Holweck, Frederick G. (1924). A Biographical Dictionary of the Saints. B. Herder.
- Bunson, Matthew, ed. (2012). Our Sunday Visitor's 2012 Catholic Almanac. Our Sunday Visitor. ISBN 9781592760770.
- Walsh, Michael, ed. (1987). Butler's Lives of Patron Saints. Harper & Row. ISBN 0060692626.
