Pavlodar

Pavlodar
	Pavlodar; Павлодар
	; Seal
	; Seal
	; Pavlodar Location in Kazakhstan
	Coordinates: 52°18′N 76°57′E / 52.3°N 76.95°E
Country	Kazakhstan
Province	Pavlodar Province
Established	1720
Incorporated	1861
	Government
- Akim (mayor)	Bakir Demeuov
	Area
- City	400 km2 (154.4 sq mi)
- Urban	100 km2 (38.6 sq mi)
Elevation	123 m (404 ft)
	Population (2006 )
- City	300,200
- Density	798.5/km2 (2,068.1/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+6 (UTC+6)
Postal code	140000 - 140017
Area code(s)	+7 7182
Website	http://www.pavlodar-city.kz

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Coordinates: 52°18′N 76°57′E / 52.3°N 76.95°E / 52.3; 76.95 Pavlodar (Kazakh and Russian: Павлодар) is a city in northeastern Kazakhstan and capital of Pavlodar Province. It is located 350 km northeast of the national capital Astana, and 400 km southeast of the Russian city of Omsk along the Irtysh River. The city has population of 300,200^[1]. Majority of the population are ethnic Russians and Kazakhs with significant minorities of Ukrainians, Germans and Tatars. The city is served by Pavlodar Airport.

[edit] History

The oldest province centre in northern Kazakhstan, Pavlodar was founded in 1720 as Koryakovsky outpost, near salt lakes. It became the town of Pavlodar in 1861, but, although it did a substantial trade in salt and agricultural produce, Pavlodar population was only about 8,000 in 1897. It gained the name Pavlodar, Gift of Paul, in honor of the newly-born Grand Duke Paul Alexandrovich of Russia. ^[2]

In 1955 the Virgin Lands Campaign gave start to modern Pavlodar. Mass youth immigration from other parts of the Soviet Union, industrialization and rapid construction created a fully-serviced clean new city. Since the mid-1960s, Pavlodar has grown considerably to become a major industrial centre, with tractor, aluminum, and chemical plants. An oil refinery was completed in 1978 in Pavlodar. As the location of a major tank factory, the city was closed to foreigners until 1992.

[edit] Geography and climate

The bank of Irtysh River

Pavlodar experiences temperate continental climate with long and cold winters as well as hot and dry summers. The average temperature in January is -17.9°C with extreme lows at -45-47°C. In July the temperature averages 21,2°C. The yearly precipitation amounts to 255 mm.^[3]

[edit] Sport

FC Irtysh is a Kazakhstan football club based at the Tsentralny Stadium in Pavlodar. Another notable club that used to be based in Pavlodar, but now moved to Ekibastuz, was FC Energetik.

Chess Federation of Pavlodar organizes frequent city-wide competitions such as «Pavlodar Open 2007» and Pavlodar Regional Cup on Fast Chess^[4]. Some of the contestants are the residents of the federation, FIDE masters, and grandmasters — Rinat Zhumabayev, Pavel Kotsur, Yuri Nikitin, Vladimir Grebenshikov, Yelena Ankudinova, and others.

[edit] Education and science

The universities of Pavlodar are:

Pavlodar State University (named after S. Toraigyrov)
Pavlodar State Pedagogical Institute

for further details: List of universities in Kazakhstan

[edit] Photo gallery

The central mosque of Pavlodar named after Maschour Zhusup Kopeev	Russian Orthodox church of Annunciation in Pavlodar	Catholic church of Saint Theresa	Obelisk in memory of the victory of Soviet troops in World War II
Fountains near the government office	Fountains near the bank of Irtysh	City government	Yertostik memorial in the central park
Astana recreational center	Central post office in Pavlodar. The building was regarded for a long time as the symbol of Pavlodar