Pearleye
| Pearleyes | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| Benthalbella infans | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Aulopiformes |
| Family: | Scopelarchidae |
| Genera | |
The pearleyes are a family, Scopelarchidae, of aulopiform fishes, distinguished by their unique visual system, with two retinas in each eye.[1]
They are small to medium fish, ranging in size from just 3.7 centimetres (1.5 in) in adult length to 35 centimetres (14 in) in length, depending on species. They have a similar appearance to lizardfishes, with a large mouth, numerous teeth, and a forked tail. The dorsal fin is located in the middle of the back, and there is also a small adipose fin.[1]
Like many other deep sea fish, their eyes are telescopic, allowing them to see in near-darkness. However, unlike any other fishes, their eyes also possess a "pearl organ"; a white spot on the surface of the eye that may help to pick up light from the side of the fish, out of the normal visual field. The pearl organ is associated with a secondary retina, allowing the fish an unusually wide field of view.[1]
Pearleyes typically live between 500 metres (1,600 ft) and 1,000 metres (3,300 ft), although some species may visit shallower waters during the night.[1]
[edit] Species
The family Scopelarchidae contains 18 species, grouped into four genera:[2]
Family Scopelarchidae
- Genus Benthalbella
- Benthalbella dentata - Northern pearleye
- Benthalbella elongata
- Benthalbella infans - Zugmayer's pearleye
- Benthalbella linguidens - Longfin pearleye
- Benthalbella macropinna
- Genus Rosenblattichthys
- Rosenblattichthys alatus - Winged pearleye
- Rosenblattichthys hubbsi - Hubb's pearleye
- Rosenblattichthys nemotoi
- Rosenblattichthys volucris - Chubby pearleye
- Genus Scopelarchoides
- Scopelarchoides climax
- Scopelarchoides danae - Dana pearleye
- Scopelarchoides kreffti - Twin-striped pearleye
- Scopelarchoides nicholsi
- Scopelarchoides signifer
- Genus Scopelarchus
- Scopelarchus analis - Short fin pearleye
- Scopelarchus guentheri - Staring pearleye
- Scopelarchus michaelsarsi - Bigfin pearleye
- Scopelarchus stephensi
[edit] References
- ^ a b c d Johnson, R.K. & Eschmeyer, W.N. (1998). Paxton, J.R. & Eschmeyer, W.N.. ed. Encyclopedia of Fishes. San Diego: Academic Press. p. 126. ISBN 0-12-547665-5.
- ^ Froese, Rainer, and Daniel Pauly, eds. (2008). "Scopelarchidae" in FishBase. December 2008 version.
