Pentostatin
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| Systematic (IUPAC) name | |
| (8R)-3-(2-deoxy-β-D-erythro-pentofuranosyl)-3,6,7,8-tetrahydroimidazo[4,5-d][1,3]diazepin-8-ol | |
| Clinical data | |
| Trade names | Nipent |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | monograph |
| MedlinePlus | a692004 |
| Pregnancy cat. | ? |
| Legal status | ℞-only (US) |
| Routes | Intravenous |
| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Bioavailability | n/a |
| Protein binding | 4% |
| Metabolism | Hepatic, minor |
| Half-life | 2.6 to 16 hours, mean 5.7 hours |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | 53910-25-1  |
| ATC code | L01XX08 |
| PubChem | CID 439693 |
| DrugBank | APRD00202 |
| ChemSpider | 388759 |
| UNII | 395575MZO7 |
| KEGG | D00155 |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL1580 |
| Chemical data | |
| Formula | C11H16N4O4 |
| Mol. mass | 268.269 g/mol |
| SMILES | eMolecules & PubChem |
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Pentostatin (Nipent, manufactured by SuperGen, San Ramon, CA, also deoxycoformycin) is an anticancer chemotherapeutic drug.[1]
[edit] Mechanism
It is classified as a purine analog, which is a type of antimetabolite.
It mimics the nucleoside adenosine and thus inhibits the enzyme adenosine deaminase, interfering with the cell's ability to process DNA.[2]
Cancer cells generally divide more often than healthy cells; DNA is highly involved in cell division (mitosis) and drugs which target DNA-related processes are therefore more toxic to cancer cells than healthy cells.
[edit] Uses
Pentostatin is used to treat hairy cell leukemia.[3] It is given by intravenous infusion once every two weeks for three to six months.
Additionally, pentostatin has been used to treat steroid-refractory acute and chronic graft-versus-host disease.[4]
Pentostatin is also used in CLL patients who have relapsed.
[edit] References
- ^ Kay NE, Geyer SM, Call TG, et al. (January 2007). "Combination chemoimmunotherapy with pentostatin, cyclophosphamide, and rituximab shows significant clinical activity with low accompanying toxicity in previously untreated B chronic lymphocytic leukemia". Blood 109 (2): 405–11. doi:10.1182/blood-2006-07-033274. PMC 1785105. PMID 17008537. http://www.bloodjournal.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=17008537.
- ^ Sauter C, Lamanna N, Weiss MA (September 2008). "Pentostatin in chronic lymphocytic leukemia". Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 4 (9): 1217–22. doi:10.1517/17425255.4.9.1217. PMID 18721115. http://www.informapharmascience.com/doi/abs/10.1517/17425255.4.9.1217.
- ^ Cannon T, Mobarek D, Wegge J, Tabbara IA (October 2008). "Hairy cell leukemia: current concepts". Cancer Invest. 26 (8): 860–5. doi:10.1080/07357900801965034. PMID 18798068. http://www.informaworld.com/openurl?genre=article&doi=10.1080/07357900801965034&magic=pubmed%7C%7C1B69BA326FFE69C3F0A8F227DF8201D0.
- ^ Bolaños-Meade J, Jacobsohn DA, Margolis J, Ogden A, Wientjes MG, Byrd JC, Lucas DM, Anders V, Phelps M, Grever MR, Vogelsang GB (April 2005). "Pentostatin in steroid-refractory acute graft-versus-host disease". J Clin Onc 23 (12): 2661–8. doi:10.1200/JCO.2005.06.130. PMID 15837980.
