Pepsi

This article is about the beverage. For its manufacturer, see PepsiCo. For the singer, see Pepsi Demacque.

Not to be confused with PEPPSI.

Pepsi

Current Pepsi's 2-D logo introduced in October 2008.
Type	Cola
Manufacturer	PepsiCo
Country of origin	United States
Introduced	1893 (as Brad's Drink) August 28, 1898 (as Pepsi-Cola) 1961 (as Pepsi)
Related products	Coca-Cola RC Cola Irn Bru Cola Turka Big Cola
Website	pepsi.com

Nutrition facts

Serving size 12 fl oz (355 ml)
Servings per container 1
Amount per serving
Calories 150		Calories from fat 0
% Daily value*
Total fat 0 g			0%
Saturated fat 0 g			0%
Trans fat 0 g
Cholesterol 0 mg			0%
Sodium 15 mg			1%
Potassium 0 mg			0%
Total carbohydrate 41 g			14%
Dietary fiber 0 g			0%
Sugars 41 g
Protein 0 g
Vitamin A	0%	Vitamin C	0%
Calcium	0%	Iron	0%
*Percent daily values are based on a 2,000‑calorie diet. Your daily values may be higher or lower depending on your calorie needs.

Pepsi (formerly stylized in uppercase as PEPSI) is a carbonated soft drink that is produced and manufactured by PepsiCo. Created and developed in 1893 and introduced as Brad's Drink, it was renamed as Pepsi-Cola on August 28, 1898, then to Pepsi in 1961.^{[citation needed]}

History

The pharmacy of Caleb Bradham, with a Pepsi dispenser

Pepsi was first introduced as "Brad's Drink" in New Bern, North Carolina, United States, in 1893 by Caleb Bradham, who made it at his drugstore where the drink was sold. It was later labeled Pepsi Cola, named after the digestive enzyme pepsin and kola nuts used in the recipe. Bradham sought to create a fountain drink that was delicious and would aid in digestion and boost energy.

plaque at 256 Middle Street, New Bern, NC

In 1903, Bradham moved the bottling of Pepsi-Cola from his drugstore to a rented warehouse. That year, Bradham sold 7,968 gallons of syrup. The next year, Pepsi was sold in six-ounce bottles, and sales increased to 19,848 gallons. In 1909, automobile race pioneer Barney Oldfield was the first celebrity to endorse Pepsi-Cola, describing it as "A bully drink...refreshing, invigorating, a fine bracer before a race." The advertising theme "Delicious and Healthful" was then used over the next two decades. In 1926, Pepsi received its first logo redesign since the original design of 1905. In 1929, the logo was changed again.

In 1931, at the depth of the Great Depression, the Pepsi-Cola Company entered bankruptcy – in large part due to financial losses incurred by speculating on wildly fluctuating sugar prices as a result of World War I. Assets were sold and Roy C. Megargel bought the Pepsi trademark. Megargel was unsuccessful, and soon Pepsi's assets were purchased by Charles Guth, the President of Loft, Inc. Loft was a candy manufacturer with retail stores that contained soda fountains. He sought to replace Coca-Cola at his stores' fountains after Coke refused to give him a discount on syrup. Guth then had Loft's chemists reformulate the Pepsi-Cola syrup formula.

On three separate occasions between 1922 and 1933, The Coca-Cola Company was offered the opportunity to purchase the Pepsi-Cola company, and it declined on each occasion.

Pepsi-Cola trademark

The original stylized Pepsi-Cola logo

The second stylized Pepsi-Cola logo

The original trademark application for Pepsi-Cola was filed on September 23, 1902 with registration approved on June 16, 1903. In the application's statement, Caleb Bradham describes the trademark as an "arbitrary hyphenated word "PEPSI-COLA", and indicated that the mark was in continuous use for his business since August 1, 1901. The Pepsi-Cola's description is a flavoring-syrup for soda water. The trademark expired on April 15, 1994.

A second Pepsi-Cola trademark is on record with the USPTO. The application date submitted by Caleb Bradham for the second trademark is Saturday, April 15, 1905 with the successful registration date of April 15, 1906, over three years after the original date. Curiously, in this application, Caleb Bradham states that the trademark had been continuously used in his business "and those from whom title is derived since in the 1905 application the description submitted to the USPTO was for a tonic beverage. The federal status for the 1905 trademark is registered and renewed and is owned by Pepsico, Inc. of Purchase, New York.

Rise

During the Great Depression, Pepsi gained popularity following the introduction in 1936 of a 12-ounce bottle. With a radio advertising campaign featuring the jingle "Pepsi-Cola hits the spot / Twelve full ounces, that's a lot / Twice as much for a nickel, too / Pepsi-Cola is the drink for you", arranged in such a way that the jingle never ends. Pepsi encouraged price-watching consumers to switch, obliquely referring to the Coca-Cola standard of 6.5 ounces per bottle for the price of five cents (a nickel), instead of the 12 ounces Pepsi sold at the same price. Coming at a time of economic crisis, the campaign succeeded in boosting Pepsi's status. From 1936 to 1938, Pepsi-Cola's profits doubled.

Pepsi

Pepsi's success under Guth came while the Loft Candy business was faltering. Since he had initially used Loft's finances and facilities to establish the new Pepsi success, the near-bankrupt Loft Company sued Guth for possession of the Pepsi-Cola company. A long legal battle, Guth v. Loft, then ensued, with the case reaching the Delaware Supreme Court and ultimately ending in a loss for Guth.

Niche marketing

1940s advertisement specifically targeting African Americans, A young Ron Brown is the boy reaching for a bottle

Walter Mack was named the new President of Pepsi-Cola and guided the company through the 1940s. Mack, who supported progressive causes, noticed that the company's strategy of using advertising for a general audience either ignored African Americans or used ethnic stereotypes in portraying blacks. He realized African Americans were an untapped niche market and that Pepsi stood to gain market share by targeting its advertising directly towards them. To this end, he hired Hennan Smith, an advertising executive "from the Negro newspaper field" to lead an all-black sales team, which had to be cut due to the onset of World War II. In 1947, Mack resumed his efforts, hiring Edward F. Boyd to lead a twelve-man team. They came up with advertising portraying black Americans in a positive light, such as one with a smiling mother holding a six pack of Pepsi while her son (a young Ron Brown, who grew up to be Secretary of Commerce) reaches up for one. Another ad campaign, titled "Leaders in Their Fields", profiled twenty prominent African Americans such as Nobel Peace Prize winner Ralph Bunche and photographer Gordon Parks.

Boyd also led a sales team composed entirely of blacks around the country to promote Pepsi. Racial segregation and Jim Crow laws were still in place throughout much of the U.S.; Boyd's team faced a great deal of discrimination as a result, from insults by Pepsi co-workers to threats by the Ku Klux Klan. On the other hand, it was able to use racism as a selling point, attacking Coke's reluctance to hire blacks and support by the chairman of Coke for segregationist Governor of Georgia Herman Talmadge. As a result, Pepsi's market share as compared to Coke's shot up dramatically. After the sales team visited Chicago, Pepsi's share in the city overtook that of Coke for the first time.

This focus on the market for black people caused some consternation within the company and among its affiliates. It did not want to seem focused on black customers for fear white customers would be pushed away. In a meeting at the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel, Mack tried to assuage the 500 bottlers in attendance by pandering to them, saying: "We don't want it to become known as a nigger drink." After Mack left the company in 1950, support for the black sales team faded and it was cut.

Marketing

Pepsi logo (1973–1998) In 1987, the font was modified slightly to a more rounded version which was used until 1998. This logo is now used for Pepsi Throwback

Pepsi logo (2003–2008). Pepsi Wild Cherry continued to use this design through March 2010. Pepsi ONE continued to use this design until mid-2012. This logo is still in use in India and other international markets. The original version had the Pepsi wording on the top left of the Pepsi Globe. In 2007, the Pepsi wording was moved to the bottom of the globe.

From the 1930s through the late 1950s, "Pepsi-Cola Hits The Spot" was the most commonly used slogan in the days of old radio, classic motion pictures, and later television. Its jingle (conceived in the days when Pepsi cost only five cents) was used in many different forms with different lyrics. With the rise of radio, Pepsi utilized the services of a young, up-and-coming actress named Polly Bergen to promote products, oftentimes lending her singing talents to the classic "...Hits The Spot" jingle.

Film actress Joan Crawford, after marrying then Pepsi-Cola President Alfred N. Steele became a spokesperson for Pepsi, appearing in commercials, television specials and televised beauty pageants on behalf of the company. Crawford also had images of the soft drink placed prominently in several of her later films. When Steele died in 1959 Crawford was appointed to the Board of Directors of Pepsi-Cola, a position she held until 1973, although she was not a board member of the larger PepsiCo, created in 1965.

The Buffalo Bisons, an American Hockey League team, were sponsored by Pepsi-Cola in its later years; the team adopted the beverage's red, white and blue color scheme along with a modification of the Pepsi logo (with the word "Buffalo" in place of the Pepsi-Cola wordmark). The Bisons ceased operations in 1970 (making way for the Buffalo Sabres).

Through the intervening decades, there have been many different Pepsi theme songs sung on television by a variety of artists, from Joanie Summers to the Jacksons to Britney Spears. (See Slogans)

In 1975, Pepsi introduced the Pepsi Challenge marketing campaign where PepsiCo set up a blind tasting between Pepsi-Cola and rival Coca-Cola. During these blind taste tests the majority of participants picked Pepsi as the better tasting of the two soft drinks. PepsiCo took great advantage of the campaign with television commercials reporting the results to the public.

In 1976 Pepsi, RKO Bottlers in Toledo, Ohio hired the first female Pepsi salesperson, Denise Muck, to coincide with the United States bicentennial celebration.

In 1996, PepsiCo launched the highly successful Pepsi Stuff marketing strategy. By 2002, the strategy was cited by Promo Magazine as one of 16 "Ageless Wonders" that "helped redefine promotion marketing".

In 2007, PepsiCo redesigned its cans for the fourteenth time, and for the first time, included more than thirty different backgrounds on each can, introducing a new background every three weeks. One of its background designs includes a string of repetitive numbers, "73774". This is a numerical expression from a telephone keypad of the word "Pepsi".

In late 2008, Pepsi overhauled its entire brand, simultaneously introducing a new logo and a minimalist label design. The redesign was comparable to Coca-Cola's earlier simplification of its can and bottle designs. Pepsi also teamed up with YouTube to produce its first daily entertainment show called Poptub. This show deals with pop culture, internet viral videos, and celebrity gossip.

In 2009, "Bring Home the Cup" changed to "Team Up and Bring Home the Cup". The new installment of the campaign asks for team involvement and an advocate to submit content on behalf of their team for the chance to have the Stanley Cup delivered to the team's hometown by Mark Messier.

Pepsi has official sponsorship deals with three of the four major North American professional sports leagues: the National Football League, National Hockey League and Major League Baseball. Pepsi also sponsors Major League Soccer. It also has the naming rights to the Pepsi Center, an indoor sports facility in Denver, Colorado. In 1997, after his sponsorship with Coca-Cola ended, NASCAR driver Jeff Gordon signed a long term contract with Pepsi, and he drives with the Pepsi logos on his car with various paint schemes for about 2 races each year, usually a darker paint scheme during nighttime races. Pepsi has remained as one of his sponsors ever since. Pepsi has also sponsored the NFL Rookie of the Year award since 2002.

Pepsi also has sponsorship deals in international cricket teams. The Pakistan cricket team is one of the teams that the brand sponsors. The team wears the Pepsi logo on the front of their test and ODI test match clothing.

In July 2009, Pepsi started marketing itself as Pecsi in Argentina in response to its name being mispronounced by 25% of the population and as a way to connect more with all of the population.

In October 2008, Pepsi announced that it would be redesigning its logo and re-branding many of its products by early 2009. In 2009, Pepsi, Diet Pepsi and Pepsi Max began using all lower-case fonts for name brands, and Diet Pepsi Max was re-branded as Pepsi Max. The brand's blue and red globe trademark became a series of "smiles", with the central white band arcing at different angles depending on the product until 2010. Pepsi released this logo in U.S. in late 2008, and later it was released in 2009 in Canada (the first country outside of the United States for Pepsi's new logo), Brazil, Bolivia, Guatemala, Nicaragua, Honduras, El Salvador, Colombia, Argentina, Puerto Rico, Costa Rica, Panama, Chile, Dominican Republic, the Philippines and Australia. In the rest of the world the new logo has been released in 2010. The old logo is still used in several markets internationally, and has been phased out most recently in France and Mexico. The UK started to use the new Pepsi logo on cans in an order different from the US can. Starting in mid-2010, all Pepsi variants, regular, diet, and Pepsi Max, have started using only the medium-sized "smile" Pepsi Globe.

Pepsi and Pepsi Max cans and bottles in Australia now carry the localized version of the new Pepsi Logo. The word Pepsi and the logo are in the new style, while the word "Max" is still in the previous style. Pepsi Wild Cherry finally received the 2008 Pepsi design in March 2010.

In 2011, for New York Fashion Week, Diet Pepsi introduced a "skinny" can that is taller and has been described as a "sassier" version of the traditional can that Pepsi says was made in "celebration of beautiful, confident women". The company's equating of "skinny" and "beautiful" and "confident" is drawing criticism from brand critics, consumers who do not back the "skinny is better" ethos, and the National Eating Disorders Association, which said that it takes offense to the can and the company's "thoughtless and irresponsible" comments. PepsiCo Inc. is a Fashion Week sponsor. This new can was made available to consumers nationwide in March.

In April 2011, Pepsi announced that customers will be able to buy a complete stranger a soda at a new "social" vending machine, and even record a video that the stranger would see when they pick up the gift.^{[citation needed]}

In May 2011, the week before Memorial Day, Pepsi launched a limited edition flavor called "Memorial Day Pepsi", with blueberry and cherry flavors added to the cola.^{[citation needed]}

In March 2012, Pepsi introduced Pepsi Next, a cola with half the calories of regular Pepsi.

In March 2013, Pepsi for the first time in 17 years reshaped its 20-ounce bottle.

Rivalry with Coca-Cola

Main article: Cola Wars

According to Consumer Reports, in the 1970s, the rivalry continued to heat up the market. Pepsi conducted blind taste tests in stores, in what was called the "Pepsi Challenge". These tests suggested that more consumers preferred the taste of Pepsi (which is believed to have more lemon oil, and less orange oil, and uses vanillin rather than vanilla) to Coke. The sales of Pepsi started to climb, and Pepsi kicked off the "Challenge" across the nation. This became known as the "Cola Wars".

In 1985, The Coca-Cola Company, amid much publicity, changed its formula. The theory has been advanced that New Coke, as the reformulated drink came to be known, was invented specifically in response to the Pepsi Challenge. However, a consumer backlash led to Coca-Cola quickly reintroducing the original formula as Coke "Classic".

According to Beverage Digest's 2008 report on carbonated soft drinks, PepsiCo's U.S. market share is 30.8 percent, while The Coca-Cola Company's is 42.7 percent. Coca-Cola outsells Pepsi in most parts of the U.S., notable exceptions being central Appalachia, North Dakota, and Utah. In the city of Buffalo, New York, Pepsi outsells Coca-Cola by a two-to-one margin.

Overall, Coca-Cola continues to outsell Pepsi in almost all areas of the world. However, exceptions include Oman; India; Saudi Arabia; Pakistan (Pepsi has been a dominant sponsor of the Pakistan cricket team since the 1990s); the Dominican Republic; Guatemala; the Canadian provinces of Quebec, Newfoundland and Labrador, Nova Scotia, and Prince Edward Island; and Northern Ontario.

Pepsi had long been the drink of Canadian Francophones and it continues to hold its dominance by relying on local Québécois celebrities (especially Claude Meunier, of La Petite Vie fame) to sell its product. PepsiCo introduced the Quebec slogan "here, it's Pepsi" (Ici, c'est Pepsi) in response to Coca-Cola ads proclaiming "Around the world, it's Coke" (Partout dans le monde, c'est Coke).

As of 2012, Pepsi is the third most popular carbonated drink in India with a 15% market share, behind Sprite and Thums Up. In comparison, Coca Cola is the fourth most popular carbonated drink occupying a mere 8.8% of the Indian market share. By most accounts, Coca-Cola was India's leading soft drink until 1977 when it left India after a new government ordered The Coca-Cola Company to turn over its secret formula for Coke and dilute its stake in its Indian unit as required by the Foreign Exchange Regulation Act (FERA). In 1988, PepsiCo gained entry to India by creating a joint venture with the Punjab government-owned Punjab Agro Industrial Corporation (PAIC) and Voltas India Limited. This joint venture marketed and sold Lehar Pepsi until 1991 when the use of foreign brands was allowed; PepsiCo bought out its partners and ended the joint venture in 1994. In 1993, The Coca-Cola Company returned in pursuance of India's Liberalization policy.

In Russia, Pepsi initially had a larger market share than Coke but it was undercut once the Cold War ended. In 1972, PepsiCo company struck a barter agreement with the then government of the Soviet Union, in which PepsiCo was granted exportation and Western marketing rights to Stolichnaya vodka in exchange for importation and Soviet marketing of Pepsi-Cola. This exchange led to Pepsi-Cola being the first foreign product sanctioned for sale in the U.S.S.R.

Reminiscent of the way that Coca-Cola became a cultural icon and its global spread spawned words like "coca colonization", Pepsi-Cola and its relation to the Soviet system turned it into an icon. In the early 1990s, the term "Pepsi-stroika" began appearing as a pun on "perestroika", the reform policy of the Soviet Union under Mikhail Gorbachev. Critics viewed the policy as an attempt to usher in Western products in deals there with the old elites. Pepsi, as one of the first American products in the Soviet Union, became a symbol of that relationship and the Soviet policy. This was reflected in Russian author Victor Pelevin's book "Generation P".

In 1989, Billy Joel mentioned the rivalry between the two companies in the song "We Didn't Start The Fire". The line "Rock & Roller Cola Wars" refers to Pepsi and Coke's usage of various musicians in advertising campaigns. Coke used Paula Abdul, while Pepsi used Michael Jackson. Both companies then competed to get other musicians to advertise its beverages.

In 1992, following the dissolution of the Soviet Union, Coca-Cola was introduced to the Russian market. As it came to be associated with the new system, and Pepsi to the old, Coca-Cola rapidly captured a significant market share that might otherwise have required years to achieve. By July 2005, Coca-Cola enjoyed a market share of 19.4 percent, followed by Pepsi with 13 percent.

Pepsi did not sell soft drinks in Israel until 1991. Many Israelis and some American Jewish organizations attributed Pepsi's previous reluctance to do battle to the Arab boycott. Pepsi, which has a large and lucrative business in the Arab world, denied that, saying that economic, rather than political, reasons kept it out of Israel.

Pepsiman

Pepsiman is an official Pepsi mascot from Pepsi's Japanese corporate branch. The design of the Pepsiman character is attributed to Canadian comic book artist Travis Charest, created sometime around the mid-1990s. Pepsiman took on three different outfits, each one representing the current style of the Pepsi can in distribution. Twelve commercials were created featuring the character. His role in the advertisements is to appear with Pepsi to thirsty people or people craving soda. Pepsiman happens to appear at just the right time with the product. After delivering the beverage, sometimes Pepsiman would encounter a difficult and action oriented situation which would result in injury.

In 1996, Sega-AM2 released the Sega Saturn version of its arcade fighting game Fighting Vipers. In this game Pepsiman was included as a special character, with his specialty listed as being the ability to "quench one's thirst". He does not appear in any other version or sequel. In 1999, KID developed a video game for the PlayStation entitled Pepsiman. As the titular character, the player runs, skateboards, rolls, and stumbles through various areas, avoiding dangers and collecting cans of Pepsi all while trying to reach a thirsty person as in the commercials.

Slogans

American slogans

• 1939–1950: "Twice as Much for a Nickel"
• 1950: "More Bounce to the Ounce"
• 1950–1957: "Any Weather is Pepsi Weather"
• 1957–1958: "Say Pepsi, Please"
• 1959-1960: "The Sociables Prefer Pepsi"
• 1961–1964: "Now It's Pepsi for Those Who Think Young" (jingle sung by Joanie Sommers)
• 1964–1967: "Come Alive, You're in the Pepsi Generation" (jingle sung by Joanie Sommers)
• 1967–1969: "(Taste that beats the others cold) Pepsi Pours It On".
• 1969–1975: "You've Got a Lot to Live, and Pepsi's Got a Lot to Give"
• 1977–1980: "Join the Pepsi People (Feeling Free)"
• 1980–1981: "Catch That Pepsi Spirit" (David Lucas, composer)
• 1981–1983: "Pepsi's got your taste for life"
• 1983–1984: "Pepsi Now! Take the Challenge!"
• 1984–1988 and 1990-1991: "Pepsi. The Choice of a New Generation"
• 1989: "Pepsi. A Generation Ahead"
• 1991–1992: "Gotta Have It"/"Chill Out"
• 1992:"The Choice Is Yours"
• 1992–1993: "Be Young, Have Fun, Drink Pepsi"
• 1993–1994: "Right Now" (Van Halen song for the Crystal Pepsi advertisement)
• 1994–1995: "Double Dutch Bus" (Pepsi song sung by Brad Bentz)
• 1995: "Nothing Else is a Pepsi"
• 1995–1996: "Drink Pepsi. Get Stuff." (Pepsi Stuff campaign)
• 1996:"Change The Script"
• 1997–1998: "Generation Next" (with the Spice Girls)
• 1998–1999: "Its the cola" (100th anniversary commercial)
• 1999–2000: "For Those Who Think Young"/"The Joy of Pepsi-Cola" (commercial with Britney Spears/commercial with Mary J. Blige)
• 2003: "Its the Cola"/"Dare for More" (Pepsi Commercial)
• 2006–2007: "Why You Doggin' Me"/"Taste the one that's forever young" (Mary J. Blige)
• 2007–2008: "More Happy"/"Taste the once that's forever young" (Michael Alexander)
• 2008: "Pepsi Stuff" Super Bowl Commercial (Justin Timberlake)
• 2008: "Pepsi is #1" Тv commercial (Luke Rosin)
• 2008–present: "Something For Everyone"
• 2009–present: "Refresh Everything"/"Every Generation Refreshes the World"
• 2010–present: "Every Pepsi Refreshes The World"
• 2011–present "Summer Time is Pepsi Time"
• 2011–present "Born in the Carolinas"
• 2012: "Where there's Pepsi, there's music" – used for the 2012 Super Bowl commercial featuring Melanie Amaro
• 2012: "Change The Game"
• 2012: "The Best Drink Created Worldwide"
• 2013: "Live for Now" – used for the 2013 Super Bowl Halftime show commercial featuring Beyonce

International slogans

• 1990–1991: "Yehi hai right choice Baby, Aha" (Hindi – meaning "This is the right choice Baby <sound of approval>") (India)
• 1996–1997: "Pepsi: There's nothing official about it" (During the Wills World Cup (cricket) held in India/Pakistan/Sri Lanka)
• 1999–2006: "Yeh Dil Maange More!" (Hindi – meaning "This heart asks for more") (India)
• 2002: "Change the World" (Japan)
• 2000–present: "Pepsi ye pyaas heh badi" ((Hindi) meaning "There is a lot of thirst" (India))
• 2009–present: "Yeh hai youngistaan meri jaan" (Hindi – meaning "This is our young country my darling")
• 2009–present: "My Pepsi My Way" (India)
• 2009–present: "Refresca tu Mundo" (Spanish – meaning "Refresh your world") (Spanish Speaking countries in Latin America)
• 2009: "Joy It Forward" (Canada)
• 2010–present: "Pepsi. Sarap Magbago." (Philippines – meaning "Its nice to change")
• 2010–2011: "Badal Do Zamana" (Urdu – meaning "Change The World" by CALL)(Pakistan)
• 2010–2011: "Love!" (Japan, for Pepsi Nex)
• 2010–present: "Pode ser bom, pode ser muito bom, pode ser Pepsi" (It can be good, it can be very good, it can be Pepsi) – Brazil and Portugal
• 2011–present: "Change the game" (India, Bangladesh & Pakistan for the 2011 Cricket World Cup)
• 2011–present: "Dunya Hai Dil Walon Ki" (Pakistan-meaning World is For Lovers by Ali Zafar)
• 2011–present: "Ici, c'est Pepsi" (Québec-meaning Here, it's pepsi)
• 2011–present: "Go Next!" (Japan, for Pepsi Next)
• 2013-present: "Oh Yes Abhi" (Hindi) (India) - meaning Oh Yes Now

Global slogans

• 2013-present: "Embrace your past, but live for now" - Global campaign featuring Beyonce.

Awards and recognition

In 2011, The Brand Trust Report in India included Pepsi in the list of the most trusted brands of the country.

Variants

The major variants are:-

• Pepsi: PepsiCo's signature cola flavor and its namesake cola.
• Pepsi Free: Introduced in 1982 by PepsiCo as the first major-brand caffeine-free cola and is today sold as Caffeine-Free Pepsi and Caffeine-Free Diet Pepsi.
• Pepsi Wild Cherry: Introduced in 1988, its cherry flavored cola. Known as Wild Cherry Pepsi until 2005.
• Crystal Pepsi: Discontinued; clear version of cola; introduced in 1992 and sold until 1993.
  • Crystal from Pepsi: Discontinued (non-cola) citrus-flavored reformulation of Crystal Pepsi.
  • Pepsi Clear: Clear soda released in Mexico as a limited edition during Christmas 2005, the Mexican equivalent of Crystal Pepsi
• Pepsi AM: Contains more caffeine than a regular Pepsi and marketed as a morning drink. Introduced in 1989 and discontinued in 1990.
• Pepsi Fresh: More fresh Pepsi. Made only for summer 2007.
• Pepsi X - 2012 release (Dragon Fruit Cola) Marketed from X Factor television show.
• Pepsi Candy: Sold in Canada in 1999 in Spring as a sweeter version with a fruity taste.
• Pepsi Natural: "a new cola made with only natural ingredients", released in select markets in 2009.
• Pepsi Blue: A blue colored fruity soda (non-cola). Given a huge marketing push, often considered a major flop on the order of New Coke. No longer produced. In Iceland, Pepsi Blue was sold for a brief period of time during the winter of 2003/2004, and in India during the 2003 Cricket World Cup. It was sold for a longer period in Austria, and is still available in some parts of Mexico. It is also still available in Indonesia. It was also sold in the Philippines for a limited time only, usually it appears during Christmas season. Likewise, it was sold for a limited time in Australia, Bulgaria, Poland and Finland.^{[citation needed]}
• Pepsi Gold: Limited edition gold colored variant as part of a 2006 FIFA World Cup and ICC Cricket World Cup 2007 promotion. It had a hint of ginger, but nowhere near the spice level of Pepsi Red, and was sold in Southeast Asia, Central Europe, Finland, Russia and The Middle East. Re-released as Pepsi Cheer for the 2010 FIFA World Cup.
• Pepsi Holiday Spice: a limited edition variety which the company began selling November 1, 2004 in the U.S.A. and Canada for an eight-week period, and again in the 2006 Christmas season. It is flavored with a seasonal finish of cinnamon, somewhat similar to the Swedish Julmust.
  • Christmas Pepsi: Almost identical to Pepsi Holiday Spice, with nutmeg and cocoa added to the ingredients list, and was marketed over the 2007 and 2008 Christmas seasons.
• Pepsi Kona, a coffee-flavored cola which was test-marketed on the East Coast of the USA.
• Lemon Pepsi: Limited Edition to promote NFL kickoff 2008, same taste as Pepsi Twist
• Pepsi Lime: with lime flavor added, introduced onto the market in the spring of 2005. Currently sold in Canada along with Diet Pepsi Lime.
• Pepsi Mojito: Lemon-flavored Pepsi, with a twist of mint. Alcohol Free. Limited edition, summer 2009.
• Pepsi Raging Razzberry: Available in test markets in 1991 and it has been said that it didn't really taste like raspberry, but was considered a raspberry twist, introduced along with Pepsi Tropical Chill and Pepsi Strawberry Burst.
• Pepsi Strawberry Burst: Available in test markets in 1991 along with Pepsi Tropical Chill and Pepsi Raging Razzberry.
• Pepsi Summer Mix: Pepsi with tropical fruit flavors. Released in early Spring of 2007, and was discontinued Fall to Winter of 2007. Was available in limited areas only; was a big hit for the northeastern United States.
• Pepsi Throwback: A version of Pepsi-Cola sweetened with sugar instead of High-fructose corn syrup. It also doesn't contain citric acid.
• Pepsi Tropical Chill: Available in test markets in 1991 along with Pepsi Strawberry Burst and Pepsi Raging Razzberry.
• Pepsi Freeze: Pepsi, Diet Pepsi, or Wild Cherry Pepsi-flavored slushee available at most convenience stores and some movie theatres.
• Pepsi Twist: A lemon-flavored variety, still sold in Brazil, Croatia, Czech Republic, Germany, Hungary, Indonesia, Italy, Malaysia, the Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, and Slovakia.
• Pepsi Vanilla: Released in Canada and the U.S. in 2003 as Pepsi's answer to Vanilla Coke. Contains vanilla extract as well as both natural and artificial flavors. Even though it's no longer produced, Diet Pepsi Vanilla is currently available. Re-launched as Cherry Vanilla Pepsi in 2010 with the addition of natural cherry flavor.
• Pepsi X Energy Cola: Contains more caffeine than regular Pepsi, and also contains guaranine. Pepsi is the first major cola brand to have an energy drink line extension. The cola-based product has a unique flavor and a reddish tint. It is sold in several countries worldwide. It was sold in Russia.
• Pepsi 100: Only available for a limited time to celebrate 100 years of the drink in 1998 and came back in 2003 to celebrate the name.
• Pepsi Cherry Vanilla: Released in May 2010. A Cherry-Vanilla-flavored Pepsi. Was out for Summer 2010.

Europe

• Pepsi Blue: sold in Bulgaria, Denmark and Turkey,
• Pepsi Ice Cream: was sold in Russia
• Pepsi Wild Cherry: a cherry-flavored variety, introduced in 1988. Available for a brief period in the UK in the late 1980s, and relauched as "Pepsi Max Cherry" in 2011. Originally called "Wild Cherry Pepsi", its name was changed along with the formula in 2005. Now uses the 2008 Pepsi design.
• Pepsi Raw: cola made with all-natural ingredients and no artificial colours sold in Norway and discontinued from the United Kingdom
• Pepsi Boom: a non-caffeine, sugar and artificial sweetener-free Pepsi only sold in Germany, Italy and Spain
• Pepsi Cappuccino: (also known as Café Chino and Max Cino) Pepsi with a taste of coffee - was sold in Russia, Romania, and sold in other various parts of Europe.
• Pepsi La Liga: Kola-flavored drink from Spain to promote La Liga in 2000.
• Pepsi Samba: a "Tropical Flavoured Cola" containing the flavors mango and tamarind, distributed in Australia and could be found in some shops in Spain. It was released in Australia in the third quarter of 2005 and was expected to be in production for a limited time only.
• Pepsi Peach: was sold in Portugal in 1996 and had a sweet peach taste. With a hint of cream soda and was Pepsi answer to Germany's Mezzo Mix. But it vanished months later off Portuguese stores after poor sales. Pepsi has had similar brands like it in other countries, using mango mixed with Pepsi.
• Pepsi Summer Chill: "Chilled Apple Cola", sold in Poland during summer 2007. In the Czech Republic and Slovakia the same product was sold as Pepsi Ice.
• Pepsi Twist Mojito: a Pepsi with a mix of lemon and mojito taste. Sold in Italy.
• Pepsi Citrus Freeze: Pepsi with a twist of lemon and lime. Sold in the UK. Part of a promotional 'fire and ice' theme alongside Doritos Jalapeño Fire.
• Pepsi Light Lemon: a Pepsi diet with a taste of lemon. Sold in Poland since spring 2013.

Asia

Japan

• Pepsi Azuki: An azuki bean-flavored limited edition Pepsi released on October 20, 2009.
• Pepsi Baobab: A baobab tree fruit-flavored, limited edition Pepsi released released on May 25, 2010.
• Pepsi Black: A soda, similar to Pepsi Dry, with 50% less sugar than regular Pepsi, and blacker in color, released in Summer 2012, by Suntory.
• Pepsi Blue Hawaii: A summer 2008 limited edition, pineapple and lemon-flavored Pepsi, blue in color.
• Pepsi Caribbean Gold: A limited edition, golden-colored, white sapote fruit-flavored Pepsi released on July 26, 2011.
• Pepsi Carnival: A tropical fruit-flavored Pepsi available in Japan for a limited time that debuted in summer 2006. Later Released as Pepsi Summer Mix in 2007 in the US, however the formula was most likely different.
• Pepsi Dry: Limited edition non-sweet (but not completely sugar-free) Bitter Pepsi variant released by Suntory on May 24, 2011.
• Pepsi Ice Cucumber: Limited edition green, cucumber-flavored Pepsi sold in summer 2007.
• Pepsi Mont Blanc: a Limited edition Pepsi based on the French chestnut dessert. Sold for a limited time from October, 2010.
• Pepsi Pink: Limited edition pink, strawberry milk-flavored Pepsi released on November 8, 2011 for a limted time.
• Pepsi Red: Released in 2006, it had a ginger flavor that was somewhat spicy.
• Pepsi Shiso: Limited edition green shiso-flavored soda sold during summer 2009.
• Pepsi Strong Shot: A limited edition Pepsi, with a high concentration of caffeine and with extra carbonation.
• Pepsi Tropical: Short lived drink that was available in the United States, UK and Japan in late 1994.
• Pepsi White: Limited edition Pepsi with yogurt flavor, sold in 2008.
• Salty Watermelon Pepsi: A watermelon flavored Pepsi, sold in Japan in June 2012 for a limited time only.
• Pepsi Extra: sold in Japan.
• Pepsi Nex Zero: sold in Japan.

Other markets

• Pepsi Blue Chilled Cola, simply Pepsi Blue, which was promoted by Britney Spears was released in Vietnam. Another version of Pepsi, Pepsi Ice seemed the same as Pepsi Blue in Vietnam.
• Pepsi Fire: a limited edition, cinnamon-flavored variety that is sold in Guam, Saipan, Thailand, Mexico, Malaysia, Singapore, the Philippines and Vietnam. It is also a Pepsi Ice twin version.
• Pepsi Green: a bright-green variety introduced in Thailand on January 15, 2009.
• Pepsi Ice: Pepsi with an icy mint flavor. Sold in Guam, Thailand, Malaysia, Singapore and the Philippines. In summer 2007 Pepsi used the name Pepsi Ice in the Czech Republic and Slovakia for a limited edition cola with apple flavor.
• Pepsi A-ha: Lemon-flavored Pepsi sold in India.
• Pepsi Pinas: Pepsi Blue renamed sold in Philippines.
• Pepsi Pogi: Sold only in Philippines.
• Pepsi Latte:Sold in Thailand.

Latin America

• Pepsi Limón: Pepsi with lime flavor released in Mexico in 2002, later returns as Pepsi Twist in 2004, no longer produced.
  • Pepsi Twistão Sold during summertime in Brazil, it's a Pepsi with a lemon flavor stronger than regular Pepsi Twist. "Twistão", in Portuguese, is the augmentative of "Twist".
• Pepsi Retro (rendered in written advertisement as PEPSI retro): Released in Mexico in February 2008. Pepsi made with natural ingredients, sugar cane and cola nut extract.
• Pecsi: Pepsi spelled differently as "Pecsi," made in Argentina in 2009 and Mexico in 2011.

Diet variants

• Diet Pepsi: Low-calorie version of Pepsi.
• Diet Crystal Pepsi: Low-calorie version of Crystal Pepsi.
• Diet Pepsi AM: Sugar-free version of Pepsi AM, and introduced in 1987. No longer produced.
• Pepsi Edge: contains half the carbohydrates, calories and sugars of a normal Pepsi, and is sweetened with Splenda. Introduced in 2004, and discontinued in 2005. It was featured on an episode of The Apprentice 2 in which teams had to design a prototype bottle.
  • Pepsi Avantage: the French name for Pepsi Edge, sold exclusively during 2005 in the province of Quebec.
• Diet Pepsi Free (now known as Caffeine-Free Diet Pepsi)
• Diet Pepsi Jazz flavored colas only available in diet styles. Introduced in July 2006 discontinued in 2009.
  • Black Cherry French Vanilla
  • Strawberries and Cream
  • Caramel Cream (introduced Feb. 2007)
• Diet Pepsi Kona A coffee soda available in test markets in 1997.
• Pepsi Kick: Introduced in Mexico in 2009. Calorie-free Pepsi with added Caffeine and Ginseng.
• Diet Pepsi cherry vanilla: Pepsi cherry vanilla, but low calorie. was only available for 8 weeks in the summer of 2010.
• Pepsi Light: Lemon-flavored Diet Pepsi sold in the 1970s and 1980s.
• Pepsi Light: The name under which Diet Pepsi is currently distributed in countries outside the United States, United Kingdom, Australia and other English language countries.
  • Diet Pepsi Light
  • Pepsi Light Twist
  • Pepsi Light Lima: Pepsi Light, but with a touch of lime. Sold only in Spain
  • Pepsi Light mojito: Pepsi Light, but with a touch of mojito taste. Has no alcohol. Sold in Germany in 2008.
• Diet Pepsi Lemon: A new flavor of Diet Pepsi released in 2009.
• Diet Pepsi Lime: A lime-flavored diet Pepsi. Temporarily available.
• Pepsi Twist Zero: Available in Brazil
• Diet Pepsi Max: Was available in the United States and Canada. Diet Pepsi with added caffeine and ginseng. This product is not related to Pepsi Max as it has significantly different ingredients and no calories. Diet Pepsi Max was renamed "Pepsi Max" in 2008 along with the redesign of Pepsi.
• Pepsi Max: Was only available outside the United States until the name change of Diet Pepsi Max in 2008. Pepsi with no sugar.
  • Pepsi Max Cool Lemon
  • Pepsi Max Chill: (flavored with apple)
  • Pepsi Max Mojo: A variation flavoured with lime and a hint of mint. Sold in Finland in 2008.
  • Pepsi Max Citron Citron Vert (sold in France)
  • Pepsi Max Cino: (UK - Pepsi Max with coffee) Discontinued
  • Pepsi Max Energy: Pepsi max with 66% more caffeine, flavored with ginseng. Sold in Germany in 2008.
  • Pepsi Max Gold: (limited edition in the UK market for Christmas 2005 - available September to December)
  • Pepsi Max Twist: Lemon and lime flavor available in the UK
  • Pepsi Max Mojito: Mojito flavor available in Denmark
  • Pepsi Max Cease Fire: With a hint of lime. It is meant to be consumed with Doritos burn, to "cool the burn". Sold in the USA, Australia, and New Zealand. In the UK,it is called Citrus Freeze.
  • Pepsi Max Punch: A low calorie edition of Pepsi Holiday Spice. Only sold in the UK in Christmas 2005.
  • Pepsi Max Cherry ( A cherry flavoured pepsi max. Released in the UK in June 2011 only at asda stores in 2 liter bottles, as of 2012 available in other select retail stores )
  • Pepsi max Citrus Freeze ( A lime flavoured Pepsi Max similar to Cease Fire. Released in the UK in October 2011 for a limited time.)
• Pepsi NEX: A zero calorie Pepsi available in Japan and South Korea, developed by Suntory (Also advertised through the anime Tiger & Bunny and U-Know and Max of TVXQ)
• Pepsi Next: a mid-calorie version of Pepsi released in March 2012, described by the company as having "60% lower sugar content and fewer calories."
  • Pepsi Next Cherry Vanilla
  • Pepsi Next Paradise Mango
• Pepsi ONE: An alternative to Diet Pepsi, with one calorie per serving. Continued to use the 2003 Pepsi design until mid-2012.
• Diet Pepsi Twist
  • Diet Pepsi Kickoff: Diet Pepsi with Lemon. To be released for the 2008 NFL season. As seen on eBay.
  • Diet Pepsi Twistão (see above)
• Diet Pepsi Vanilla: Vanilla-flavored diet soda. Pepsi's response to Diet Vanilla Coke. Temporarily available.
• Diet Pepsi Wild Cherry: Not widely available until 2005, when Wild Cherry Pepsi was reformulated. Now uses the 2008 Pepsi design
• Pepsi XL another mid-calorie cola targeted at males, and transition consumers (those making the move from regular to diet colas).
• Pepsi Sugar Free: Released on November 2007.
• Pepsi Twist 3: Released in Brazil in 2008. It has 3 calories of the natural lemon juice.

Fictional drinks

• Pepsi Perfect: A vitamin-enriched Pepsi variation shown in the movie Back to the Future Part II in scenes set in the year 2015.
• Pepsi Nex: Pepsi variation shown in the 2011 Japanese anime series, Tiger & Bunny. Pepsi then released a Pepsi Nex variant in Japan in 2012, perhaps for promotional purposes.

Ingredients

In the United States, Pepsi is made with carbonated water, high fructose corn syrup, caramel color, sugar, Phosphoric acid, caffeine, citric acid and natural flavors. A can of Pepsi (12 fl ounces) has 41 grams of carbohydrates (all from sugar), 30 mg of sodium, 0 grams of fat, 0 grams of protein, 38 mg of caffeine and 150 calories. The caffeine-free Pepsi-Cola contains the same ingredients but without the caffeine.

The original Pepsi-Cola recipe was available from documents filed with the court at the time that the Pepsi-Cola Company went bankrupt in 1929. The original formula contained neither cola nor caffeine.^{[citation needed]}

In August 2010, PepsiCo entered into a 4-year agreement with Senomyx for the development of artificial high-potency sweeteners for PepsiCo beverages. Under the contract, PepsiCo is paying $30 million to Senomyx for the research and future royalties on PepsiCo products sold using Senomyx technology.

According to PepsiCo, PepsiCo's collaboration with Senomyx will focus on the discovery, development and commercialization of sweet enhancers, with the purpose of providing lower-calorie PepsiCo beverages. PepsiCo will have exclusive rights to the Senomyx sweet flavor ingredients developed through the collaboration.

In September 2012 Pepsi launched a new product called Pepsi Next which contains 30% less sugar and added Stevia as a zero calorie sweetener. The product was rolled out in Australia and is expected to be launched in the US starting February 27.

See also

• Diet Pepsi
• Pepsi spokespeople
• Pepsi Max Big One (roller coaster)
• Pepsi Orange Streak (roller coaster)
• Pepsi Python (roller coaster)
• Pepsi Billion Dollar Sweepstakes
• Mountain Dew
• AMP Energy
• Citrus Blast
• Pepsi Next

References

Notes

Bibliography

• Beverage World Magazine, January 1998, "Celebrating a Century of Refreshment: Pepsi — The First 100 Years"
• Stoddard, Bob. Pepsi-Cola – 100 Years (1997), General Publishing Group, Los Angeles, CA, USA
• "History & Milestones" (1996), Pepsi packet
• Louis, J.C. & Yazijian, Harvey Z. "The Cola Wars" (1980), Everest House, Publishers, New York, NY, USA

External links

• Pepsi website
• Pepsi World
• Pepsi Gallery – Pepsi Promotional site (archived)
• Pepsico, Inc. at Knowmore.org
• Pepsi page on PepsiCo UK & Ireland