Persian calligraphy
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| Calligraphy |
Persian Calligraphy (Persian: خوشنویسی ایرانی) is the calligraphy of Persian writing system. It has been one of the most revered arts throughout Persian history. It is considered to be one of the most eye catching and fascinating manifestations of Persian culture.
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[edit] History
The history of calligraphy in Iran dates back to the pre Islam era. In Zoroastrianism beautiful and clear writings were always praised. [1]
in past 500 years iranian calligraphy is florished by Nastaʿlīq Nastaʿlīq (also anglicized as Nastaleeq; in Persian: نستعلیق nastaʿlīq) is one of the main script styles used in writing the Perso-Arabic script, and traditionally the predominant style in Persian calligraphy Around one thousand years ago, Ibn Muqlah (in Persian: ابن مقله بيضاوی شيرازی) and his brother created six genres of Iranian calligraphy namely "Tahqiq", "Reyhan", "Sols", "Naskh", "Toqih" and "Reqah". These genres were common for four centuries in Persia. In 7th century (Hijri calendar), a new genre of Persian calligraphy was invented and named "Ta'liq".
Morteza Gholi Khan Shamlou and Mohammad Shafi Heravi created a new genre called Shekasteh Nastaʿlīq. Abdol-Majid Taleqani brought this genre to its highest level.
[edit] Contemporary Persian calligraphy
In 1950, Iran's Association of Calligraphers was founded by Hossein Mirkhani, Ali Akbar Kaveh, Ebrahim Bouzari, Hassan Mirkhani and Mehdi Baiani. In Afghanistan, Azizuddin Vakili published a book entitled "Calligraphy during last two centuries in Afghanistan" (1964).
[edit] Modernist movement
Zendeh Roudi, Jalil Rasouli, Parviz Tanavoli, and Masih Zad use Persian calligraphy and Rumi poetry in dress designing.
[edit] Genres
in past 500 years iranian calligraphy is florished by Nastaʿlīq
- Nasta'liq script
- Shekasteh Nastaʿlīq (Cursive Nasta'liq)
- Naghashi-khat (Painting-Calligraphy combined)
