List of Philadelphia Phillies managers
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
In its 126-year history, the Philadelphia Phillies baseball franchise of Major League Baseball's National League has employed 51 managers and 10 general managers (GMs).[1][2] The duties of the team manager include team strategy and leadership on and off the field.[3] Of those 51 managers, 15 have been "player-managers";[1] specifically, they managed the team while still being signed as a player.[4] In contrast, the general manager controls player transactions, hiring and firing of the coaching staff, and negotiates with players and agents regarding contracts.[5]
The Phillies posted their franchise record for losses in a season during their record-setting streak of 16 consecutive losing seasons (a season where the winning percentage is below .500), with 111 losses out of 154 games in 1941.[6] During this stretch from 1933 to 1948, the Phillies employed seven different managers, all of whom posted a winning percentage below .430 for their Phillies careers.[1] Seven managers have taken the Phillies to the postseason, with Danny Ozark leading the team to three playoff appearances. Dallas Green and Charlie Manuel are the only Phillies managers to win a World Series: Green in 1980 against the Kansas City Royals; and Manuel in 2008 against the Tampa Bay Rays.[7] The longest-tenured general manager is Paul Owens, with 11 years of service to the team as the general manager, from 1972 to 1983.[2] Owens also served as the team manager in 1972, and from 1983 to 1984.[1] After this time, he served as a team executive until 2003, and was inducted into the Philadelphia Baseball Wall of Fame in recognition of his services.[8] Gene Mauch is the longest-tenured manager in franchise history, with 1,332 games of service in parts of eight seasons (1960–1968).[9]
The manager with the highest winning percentage over a full season or more was Arthur Irwin, whose .575 winning percentage is fourth on the all-time wins list for Phillies managers.[1] Conversely, the worst winning percentage over a season in franchise history is .160 by the inaugural season's second manager Blondie Purcell, who posted a 13–68 record during the 1883 season.[10]
Contents |
[edit] Table key
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Winning percentage: number of wins divided by number of games managed |
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Playoff appearances: number of years this manager has led the franchise to the playoffs |
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Playoff wins: number of wins this manager has accrued in the playoffs |
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Playoff losses: number of losses this manager has accrued in the playoffs |
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World Series: number of World Series victories achieved by the manager |
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Elected to the National Baseball Hall of Fame (‡ denotes induction as manager)[11] |
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Member of the Philadelphia Baseball Wall of Fame |
[edit] Managers
| #[a] | Manager | Years | Wins | Losses | Ties | WPct | PA | PW | PL | WS | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Bob Ferguson | 1883 | 4 | 13 | 0 | .235 | — | — | — | — | [12] |
| 2 | Blondie Purcell | 1883 | 13 | 68 | 1 | .160 | — | — | — | — | [10] |
| 3 | Harry Wright† | 1884–1890 | 409 | 374 | 0 | .522 | — | — | — | — | [13] |
| 4 | Jack Clements | 1890 | 13 | 6 | 0 | .684 | — | — | — | — | [14] |
| 5 | Al Reach | 1890 | 4 | 7 | 0 | .364 | — | — | — | — | [15] |
| 6 | Bob Allen | 1890 | 25 | 10 | 0 | .714 | — | — | — | — | [16] |
| — | Harry Wright† | 1891–1893 | 227 | 192 | 0 | .542 | — | — | — | — | [13] |
| 7 | Arthur Irwin | 1894–1895 | 149 | 110 | 0 | .575 | — | — | — | — | [17] |
| 8 | Billy Nash | 1896 | 62 | 68 | 0 | .477 | — | — | — | — | [18] |
| 9 | George Stallings | 1897–1898 | 74 | 104 | 0 | .416 | — | — | — | — | [19] |
| 10 | Bill Shettsline | 1898–1902 | 367 | 303 | 0 | .548 | — | — | — | — | [20] |
| 11 | Chief Zimmer | 1903 | 49 | 86 | 0 | .363 | — | — | — | — | [21] |
| 12 | Hugh Duffy† | 1904–1906 | 206 | 251 | 0 | .451 | — | — | — | — | [22] |
| 13 | Billy Murray | 1907–1909 | 240 | 214 | 0 | .529 | — | — | — | — | [23] |
| 14 | Red Dooin | 1910–1914 | 392 | 370 | 0 | .514 | — | — | — | — | [24] |
| 15 | Pat Moran | 1915–1918 | 323 | 257 | 0 | .557 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 0 | [25][26] |
| 16 | Jack Coombs§ | 1919 | 18 | 44 | 0 | .290 | — | — | — | — | [27] |
| 17 | Gavvy Cravath§ | 1919–1920 | 91 | 137 | 0 | .399 | — | — | — | — | [28] |
| 18 | Bill Donovan | 1921 | 25 | 62 | 0 | .287 | — | — | — | — | [29] |
| 19 | Kaiser Wilhelm | 1921–1922 | 83 | 137 | 0 | .377 | — | — | — | — | [30] |
| 20 | Art Fletcher | 1923–1926 | 231 | 378 | 0 | .379 | — | — | — | — | [31] |
| 21 | Stuffy McInnis | 1927 | 51 | 103 | 0 | .331 | — | — | — | — | [32] |
| 22 | Burt Shotton | 1928–1933 | 370 | 549 | 0 | .403 | — | — | — | — | [33] |
| 23 | Jimmie Wilson | 1934–1938 | 280 | 477 | 0 | .370 | — | — | — | — | [34] |
| 24 | Hans Lobert | 1938 | 0 | 2 | 0 | .000 | — | — | — | — | [35] |
| 25 | Doc Prothro | 1939–1941 | 138 | 320 | 0 | .301 | — | — | — | — | [36] |
| — | Hans Lobert | 1942 | 42 | 109 | 0 | .278 | — | — | — | — | [35] |
| 26 | Bucky Harris‡ | 1943 | 38 | 52 | 0 | .422 | — | — | — | — | [37] |
| 27 | Freddie Fitzsimmons | 1943–1945 | 105 | 181 | 0 | .367 | — | — | — | — | [38] |
| 28 | Ben Chapman | 1945–1948 | 196 | 276 | 0 | .415 | — | — | — | — | [39] |
| 29 | Dusty Cooke | 1948 | 6 | 6 | 0 | .500 | — | — | — | — | [40] |
| 30 | Eddie Sawyer | 1948–1952 | 296 | 292 | 0 | .504 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 0 | [41][42] |
| 31 | Steve O'Neill | 1952–1954 | 182 | 140 | 0 | .565 | — | — | — | — | [43] |
| 32 | Terry Moore | 1954 | 35 | 42 | 0 | .455 | — | — | — | — | [44] |
| 33 | Mayo Smith | 1955–1958 | 264 | 282 | 0 | .484 | — | — | — | — | [45] |
| — | Eddie Sawyer | 1958–1960 | 94 | 131 | 0 | .418 | — | — | — | — | [41] |
| 34 | Andy Cohen | 1960 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1.000 | — | — | — | — | [46] |
| 35 | Gene Mauch | 1960–1968 | 646 | 684 | 0 | .486 | — | — | — | — | [9] |
| 36 | Bob Skinner | 1968–1969 | 92 | 123 | 0 | .428 | — | — | — | — | [47] |
| 37 | George Myatt | 1969 | 20 | 35 | 0 | .364 | — | — | — | — | [48] |
| 38 | Frank Lucchesi | 1970–1972 | 166 | 233 | 0 | .416 | — | — | — | — | [49] |
| 39 | Paul Owens§ | 1972 | 33 | 47 | 0 | .413 | — | — | — | — | [50] |
| 40 | Danny Ozark | 1973–1979 | 594 | 510 | 0 | .538 | 3 | 2 | 9 | 0 | [51][52] [53][54] |
| 41 | Dallas Green§ | 1979–1981 | 169 | 130 | 0 | .565 | 2 | 10 | 6 | 1 | [55][56] [57] |
| 42 | Pat Corrales | 1982–1983 | 132 | 115 | 0 | .534 | — | — | — | — | [58] |
| — | Paul Owens§ | 1983–1984 | 128 | 111 | 0 | .536 | 1 | 4 | 5 | 0 | [50][59] |
| 43 | John Felske | 1985–1987 | 190 | 194 | 0 | .495 | — | — | — | — | [60] |
| 44 | Lee Elia | 1987–1988 | 111 | 142 | 0 | .439 | — | — | — | — | [61] |
| 45 | John Vukovich§ | 1988 | 5 | 4 | 0 | .555 | — | — | — | — | [62] |
| 46 | Nick Leyva | 1989–1991 | 148 | 189 | 0 | .439 | — | — | — | — | [63] |
| 47 | Jim Fregosi | 1991–1996 | 431 | 463 | 0 | .482 | 1 | 6 | 6 | 0 | [64][65] |
| 48 | Terry Francona | 1997–2000 | 285 | 363 | 0 | .440 | — | — | — | — | [66] |
| 49 | Larry Bowa§[b] | 2001–2004 | 337 | 308 | 0 | .522 | — | — | — | — | [67] |
| 50 | Gary Varsho | 2004 | 1 | 1 | 0 | .500 | — | — | — | — | [68] |
| 51 | Charlie Manuel | 2005–present | 447 | 363 | 0 | .552 | 2 | 11 | 6 | 1 | [69][70] [71][72] |
| Totals | 51 managers | 127 seasons | 9,035 | 10,162 | 1 | .470 | 11 | 34 | 40 | 2 |
Statistics current through 2009 regular season
[edit] General managers
| Name | Years | Ref |
|---|---|---|
| Herb Pennock† | 1944–1948 | [73] |
| Bob Carpenter | 1950–1953 | [2] |
| Roy Hamey | 1954–1958 | [2] |
| John Quinn | 1959–1972 | [2] |
| Paul Owens§ | 1972–1983 | [2][74] |
| Bill Giles | 1984–1987 | [2] |
| Woody Woodward | 1987–1988 | [75] |
| Lee Thomas | 1988–1997 | [76] |
| Ed Wade | 1998–2005 | [76] |
| Pat Gillick | 2006–2008 | [77] |
| Rubén Amaro, Jr. | 2008–present | [78] |
[edit] Footnotes
- a #: A running total of the number of Phillies' managers. Thus, any manager who has two or more separate terms is only counted once.
- b Larry Bowa won the Manager of the Year Award in 2001.[79]
[edit] References
- General references
- "Philadelphia Phillies Managerial Register". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. http://www.baseball-reference.com/teams/PHI/managers.shtml. Retrieved 2008-07-23.
- "Phillies All-Time Managers". Philadelphia Phillies. http://philadelphia.phillies.mlb.com/phi/history/managers.jsp. Retrieved 2008-08-12.
- Inline citations
- ^ a b c d e "Philadelphia Phillies Managerial Register". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. http://www.baseball-reference.com/teams/PHI/managers.shtml. Retrieved 2008-07-23.
- ^ a b c d e f g "Executive Database". Baseball America. http://www.baseballamerica.com/execdb/?show=franchise&fid=phi#gm. Retrieved 2008-07-23.
- ^ "Manager: Definition | Dictionary.com". Dictionary.Reference.com. The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language. 2006. http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/manager. Retrieved 2008-12-29.
- ^ Stein, Fred (2002). And the Skipper Bats Cleanup: A History of the Baseball Player-Manager, with 42 Biographies of Men Who Filled the Dual Role. Jefferson, NC: McFarland. ISBN 0-7864-1228-3. http://books.google.com/books?id=VQFPr7UyEvMC&dq=And+the+Skipper+Bats+Cleanup:+A+History+of+the+Baseball+Player-Manager,+with+42+Biographies+of+Men+Who+Filled+the+Dual+Role&printsec=frontcover&source=bl&ots=KU5dDLYHOK&sig=p--BRdW50n3hvhgNHUXRMaYZ6dA&hl=en&sa=X&oi=book_result&resnum=1&ct=result#PPA1,M1.
- ^ Schwarz, Alan (2005-12-21). "2005 General Manager Roundtable". Baseball America. http://www.baseballamerica.com/today/features/051221gmround.html. Retrieved 2008-12-29.
- ^ "1941 Philadelphia Phillies". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. http://www.baseball-reference.com/teams/PHI/1941.shtml. Retrieved 2008-08-11.
- ^ "Philadelphia Phillies Team History". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. http://www.baseball-reference.com/teams/PHI/. Retrieved 2008-07-25.
- ^ "Phillies Wall of Fame". Philadelphia Phillies. http://philadelphia.phillies.mlb.com/phi/history/wall_of_fame.jsp. Retrieved 2008-08-12.
- ^ a b "Gene Mauch Managerial Record". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. http://www.baseball-reference.com/managers/mauchge01.shtml. Retrieved 2008-07-25.
- ^ a b "Blondie Purcell Managerial Record". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. http://www.baseball-reference.com/managers/purcebl01.shtml. Retrieved 2008-07-23.
- ^ "Baseball Hall of Fame Inductees". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. http://www.baseball-reference.com/awards/hof.shtml. Retrieved 2008-12-29.
- ^ "Bob Ferguson Managerial Record". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. http://www.baseball-reference.com/managers/fergubo01.shtml. Retrieved 2008-07-25.
- ^ a b "Harry Wright Managerial Record". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. http://www.baseball-reference.com/managers/wrighha01.shtml. Retrieved 2008-07-25.
- ^ "Jack Clements Managerial Record". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. http://www.baseball-reference.com/managers/clemeja01.shtml. Retrieved 2008-07-25.
- ^ "Al Reach Managerial Record". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. http://www.baseball-reference.com/managers/reachal01.shtml. Retrieved 2008-07-25.
- ^ "Bob Allen Managerial Record". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. http://www.baseball-reference.com/managers/allenbo01.shtml. Retrieved 2008-07-25.
- ^ "Arthur Irwin Managerial Record". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. http://www.baseball-reference.com/managers/irwinar01.shtml. Retrieved 2008-07-25.
- ^ "Billy Nash Managerial Record". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. http://www.baseball-reference.com/managers/nashbi01.shtml. Retrieved 2008-07-25.
- ^ "George Stallings Managerial Record". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. http://www.baseball-reference.com/managers/stallge01.shtml. Retrieved 2008-07-25.
- ^ "Bill Shettsline Managerial Record". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. http://www.baseball-reference.com/managers/shettbi99.shtml. Retrieved 2008-07-25.
- ^ "Chief Zimmer Managerial Record". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. http://www.baseball-reference.com/managers/zimmech01.shtml. Retrieved 2008-07-25.
- ^ "Hugh Duffy Managerial Record". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. http://www.baseball-reference.com/managers/duffyhu01.shtml. Retrieved 2008-07-25.
- ^ "Billy Murray Managerial Record". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. http://www.baseball-reference.com/managers/murrabi99.shtml. Retrieved 2008-07-25.
- ^ "Red Dooin Managerial Record". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. http://www.baseball-reference.com/managers/dooinre01.shtml. Retrieved 2008-07-25.
- ^ "Pat Moran Managerial Record". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. http://www.baseball-reference.com/managers/moranpa01.shtml. Retrieved 2008-07-25.
- ^ "1915 Philadelphia Phillies". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. http://www.baseball-reference.com/teams/PHI/1915.shtml. Retrieved 2008-07-25.
- ^ "Jack Coombs Managerial Record". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. http://www.baseball-reference.com/managers/coombja01.shtml. Retrieved 2008-07-25.
- ^ "Gavvy Cravath Managerial Record". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. http://www.baseball-reference.com/managers/cravaga01.shtml. Retrieved 2008-07-25.
- ^ "Bill Donovan Managerial Record". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. http://www.baseball-reference.com/managers/donovbi01.shtml. Retrieved 2008-07-25.
- ^ "Kaiser Wilhelm Managerial Record". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. http://www.baseball-reference.com/managers/wilheka01.shtml. Retrieved 2008-07-25.
- ^ "Art Fletcher Managerial Record". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. http://www.baseball-reference.com/managers/fletcar01.shtml. Retrieved 2008-07-25.
- ^ "Stuffy McInnis Managerial Record". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. http://www.baseball-reference.com/managers/mcinnst01.shtml. Retrieved 2008-07-25.
- ^ "Burt Shotton Managerial Record". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. http://www.baseball-reference.com/managers/shottbu01.shtml. Retrieved 2008-07-25.
- ^ "Jimmie Wilson Managerial Record". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. http://www.baseball-reference.com/managers/wilsoji01.shtml. Retrieved 2008-07-25.
- ^ a b "Hans Lobert Managerial Record". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. http://www.baseball-reference.com/managers/loberha01.shtml. Retrieved 2008-07-25.
- ^ "Doc Prothro Managerial Record". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. http://www.baseball-reference.com/managers/prothdo01.shtml. Retrieved 2008-07-25.
- ^ "Bucky Harris Managerial Record". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. http://www.baseball-reference.com/managers/harribu01.shtml. Retrieved 2008-07-25.
- ^ "Freddie Fitzsimmons Managerial Record". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. http://www.baseball-reference.com/managers/fitzsfr01.shtml. Retrieved 2008-07-25.
- ^ "Ben Chapman Managerial Record". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. http://www.baseball-reference.com/managers/chapmbe01.shtml. Retrieved 2008-07-25.
- ^ "Dusty Cooke Managerial Record". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. http://www.baseball-reference.com/managers/cookedu01.shtml. Retrieved 2008-07-25.
- ^ a b "Eddie Sawyer Managerial Record". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. http://www.baseball-reference.com/managers/sawyeed99.shtml. Retrieved 2008-07-25.
- ^ "1950 Philadelphia Phillies". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. http://www.baseball-reference.com/teams/PHI/1950.shtml. Retrieved 2008-07-25.
- ^ "Steve O'Neill Managerial Record". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. http://www.baseball-reference.com/managers/o'neist01.shtml. Retrieved 2008-07-25.
- ^ "Terry Moore Managerial Record". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. http://www.baseball-reference.com/managers/moorete01.shtml. Retrieved 2008-07-25.
- ^ "Mayo Smith Managerial Record". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. http://www.baseball-reference.com/managers/smithma01.shtml. Retrieved 2008-07-25.
- ^ "Andy Cohen Managerial Record". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. http://www.baseball-reference.com/managers/cohenan01.shtml. Retrieved 2008-07-25.
- ^ "Bob Skinner Managerial Record". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. http://www.baseball-reference.com/managers/skinnbo01.shtml. Retrieved 2008-07-25.
- ^ "George Myatt Managerial Record". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. http://www.baseball-reference.com/managers/myattge01.shtml. Retrieved 2008-07-25.
- ^ "Frank Lucchesi Managerial Record". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. http://www.baseball-reference.com/managers/lucchfr99.shtml. Retrieved 2008-07-25.
- ^ a b "Paul Owens Managerial Record". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. http://www.baseball-reference.com/managers/owenspa99.shtml. Retrieved 2008-07-25.
- ^ "Danny Ozark Managerial Record". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. http://www.baseball-reference.com/managers/ozarkda99.shtml. Retrieved 2008-07-25.
- ^ "1976 Philadelphia Phillies". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. http://www.baseball-reference.com/teams/PHI/1976.shtml. Retrieved 2008-07-25.
- ^ "1977 Philadelphia Phillies". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. http://www.baseball-reference.com/teams/PHI/1977.shtml. Retrieved 2008-07-25.
- ^ "1978 Philadelphia Phillies". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. http://www.baseball-reference.com/teams/PHI/1978.shtml. Retrieved 2008-07-25.
- ^ "Dallas Green Managerial Record". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. http://www.baseball-reference.com/managers/greenda02.shtml. Retrieved 2008-07-25.
- ^ "1980 Philadelphia Phillies". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. http://www.baseball-reference.com/teams/PHI/1980.shtml. Retrieved 2008-07-25.
- ^ "1981 Philadelphia Phillies". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. http://www.baseball-reference.com/teams/PHI/1981.shtml. Retrieved 2008-07-25.
- ^ "Pat Corrales Managerial Record". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. http://www.baseball-reference.com/managers/corrapa01.shtml. Retrieved 2008-07-25.
- ^ "1983 Philadelphia Phillies". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. http://www.baseball-reference.com/teams/PHI/1983.shtml. Retrieved 2008-07-25.
- ^ "John Felske Managerial Record". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. http://www.baseball-reference.com/managers/felskjo01.shtml. Retrieved 2008-07-25.
- ^ "Lee Elia Managerial Record". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. http://www.baseball-reference.com/managers/eliale01.shtml. Retrieved 2008-07-25.
- ^ "John Vukovich Managerial Record". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. http://www.baseball-reference.com/managers/vukovjo01.shtml. Retrieved 2008-07-25.
- ^ "Nick Leyva Managerial Record". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. http://www.baseball-reference.com/managers/leyvani99.shtml. Retrieved 2008-07-25.
- ^ "Jim Fregosi Managerial Record". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. http://www.baseball-reference.com/managers/fregoji01.shtml. Retrieved 2008-07-25.
- ^ "1993 Philadelphia Phillies". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. http://www.baseball-reference.com/teams/PHI/1993.shtml. Retrieved 2008-07-25.
- ^ "Terry Francona". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. http://www.baseball-reference.com/managers/francte01.shtml. Retrieved 2008-07-25.
- ^ "Larry Bowa Managerial Record". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. http://www.baseball-reference.com/managers/bowala01.shtml. Retrieved 2008-07-25.
- ^ "Gary Varsho Managerial Record". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. http://www.baseball-reference.com/managers/varshga01.shtml. Retrieved 2008-07-25.
- ^ "Charlie Manuel Managerial Record". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. http://www.baseball-reference.com/managers/manuech01.shtml. Retrieved 2008-07-25.
- ^ "2007 Philadelphia Phillies". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. http://www.baseball-reference.com/teams/PHI/2007.shtml. Retrieved 2008-07-25.
- ^ "2008 Philadelphia Phillies". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. http://www.baseball-reference.com/teams/PHI/2008.shtml. Retrieved 2009-01-16.
- ^ "2009 Philadelphia Phillies". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. http://www.baseball-reference.com/teams/PHI/2009.shtml. Retrieved 2009-01-16.
- ^ "Phillies Timeline - 1940s". Philadelphia Phillies. http://philadelphia.phillies.mlb.com/phi/history/timeline06.jsp. Retrieved 2008-07-23.
- ^ "Paul Owens dies at age 79". Major League Baseball. http://www.mlb.com/news/article.jsp?ymd=20031226&content_id=623315&vkey=news_mlb&fext=.jsp&c_id=mlb. Retrieved 2008-07-26.
- ^ "Executive Database". Baseball America. http://www.baseballamerica.com/today/execdb/showperson.php?idx=WoodwWo01&fname=Woody&lname=Woodward. Retrieved 2008-07-25.
- ^ a b "Phillies fire GM Wade after eight seasons". ESPN. http://sports.espn.go.com/mlb/news/story?id=2186589. Retrieved 2008-07-25.
- ^ Mandel, Ken (2005-11-02). "Phillies name Gillick general manager". Major League Baseball. http://mlb.mlb.com/news/article.jsp?ymd=20051102&content_id=1263503&vkey=news_mlb&fext=.jsp&c_id=mlb. Retrieved 2008-07-23.
- ^ Mandel, Ken (2008-11-03). "Amaro Jr. takes over reins for Phillies". Philadelphia Phillies. http://philadelphia.phillies.mlb.com/news/article.jsp?ymd=20081103&content_id=3660782&vkey=news_phi&fext=.jsp&c_id=phi. Retrieved 2008-11-04.
- ^ "MLB Awards (Manager of the Year)". Major League Baseball. http://mlb.mlb.com/mlb/awards/mlb_awards_content.jsp?content=mgr_history. Retrieved 2008-07-28.
[edit] External links
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