Philadelphia Police Department

Philadelphia Police Department
Abbreviation	PPD
Patch of the Philadelphia Police Department.
Badge of the Philadelphia Police Department.
Motto	Honor, Integrity, Service
Agency overview
Formed	1751
Legal personality	Governmental: Government agency
Jurisdictional structure
Operations jurisdiction*	City of Philadelphia in the state of Pennsylvania, United States
General nature	Law enforcement Local civilian police
Operational structure
Headquarters	"The Roundhouse" nickname One Franklin Square Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Police Officers	6,646 (8/2011)
Agency executive	Charles H. Ramsey, Commissioner
Bureaus	List Special Operations Patrol Narcotics Detective Training Administration Staff Services Internal Affairs
Districts	List 1st District 2nd District 3rd District 5th District 6th District 7th District 8th District 9th District 12th District 14th District 15th District 16th District 17th District 18th District 19th District 22nd District 24th District 25th District 26th District 35th District 39th District 77th District 92nd District
Website
Official Site
Footnotes
* Divisional agency: Division of the country, over which the agency has usual operational jurisdiction.

The Philadelphia Police Department (PPD) is the police agency responsible for law enforcement and investigations within the City of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. It is the oldest municipal police agency in the United States, and the sixth largest non-federal law enforcement agency in the country (behind the New York City Police Department, Chicago Police Department, Los Angeles Police Department, Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department, and the California Highway Patrol). Since 1828, 270 Philadelphia police officers have died in the line of duty.

Present-day Philadelphia Police Department

"The Roundhouse", Philadelphia Police Department Headquarters

The Philadelphia Police Department employs more than 6,646 officers, and patrols an area of 369.4 km² (142.6 mi²) with a population of almost 1.5 million. The department is subdivided into 21 patrol districts, and like many other large municipal police forces, it incorporates many special units such as a K-9 squad, SWAT, community relations unit, and harbor patrol. The highest-ranking officer is Commissioner Charles H. Ramsey, a former Chicago police officer and former Chief of the D.C. Metropolitan Police.

Organization

The head of the PPD is the commissioner, who is appointed by the city managing director with the approval of the mayor. Under the commissioner are two three-star deputy commissioners, heading the Office of Organizational Accountability and the Office of Field Operations, respectively. As well, there is one civilian CAO of equivalent rank, in charge of the Office of Strategic Initiatives and Innovations.

The Office of Field Operations is headed by the three-star First Deputy Commissioner of Field Operations. The force comprises two regional commands, Regional Operations Command North and Regional Operations Command South, each headed by a two-star deputy commissioner. Each regional command is further divided into three divisions (ROC-North: East, Northwest, Northeast; ROC-South: Central, Southwest, South). Each division is headed by an inspector. A division encompasses three or four districts, each headed by a captain. A district is subdivided into three areas, each headed by a lieutenant.

Also under the First Deputy Commissioner are the Office of Violence Prevention and Victim Services, headed by a two-star deputy commissioner and consisting of three bureaus, and the Office of Homeland Security and Major Investigations, headed by a two-star deputy commissioner and comprising six bureaus (Narcotics, Forensic Services, Special Investigations, Homeland Security and Special Operations). Each bureau is headed by a chief inspector.

Special aspects of the Philadelphia Police Department

A Philadelphia Police Department police car

The Philadelphia Police Department has several unique features which distinguish it from other municipal police agencies. One of these features is the department's Hero Scholarship Thrill Show, which is a 45-year-old program designed to provide funds for the college education of the children of PPD and Philadelphia Fire Department officers slain or disabled in the line of duty. Funds are raised through ticket sales for the Thrill Show, which features police and fire department demonstrations, exhibits, and games.

The Hero Thrill Show made its debut in 1954. Until January 2006, the Hero Thrill Show was produced by the Hero Scholarship Fund. Since 2006, The Hero Thrill Show has been produced by the Hero Thrill Show, Inc. There is no affiliation between the Hero Thrill Show, Inc. and the Hero Scholarship Fund.

On January 20, 2006 the president of the Hero Scholarship Fund announced that "After carefully comparing revenues over the past several years, including decreases as well as the expense and difficulty in putting on the show, it has been decided to discontinue the show...." In April, 2006, James J. Binns, a Philadelphia lawyer, founded the Hero Thrill Show, Inc., which assumed production of the Hero Thrill Show and the administration of funds generated by the Hero Thrill Show. The board of directors is chaired by Binns and is composed of the police and fire commissioners, president of the Fraternal Order of Police, Lodge Number Five, president of the International Association of Firefighters, Local 22 and a number of Philadelphia business leaders.

Mounted Unit

The beginnings of the mounted unit can be traced to the Fairmount Park Mounted Guard created in 1867. In 1889 the Philadelphia Police Mounted Patrol Unit was established. The Philadelphia Police unit survived until 1952, however, the Fairmount Park unit would be used for parades and crowd control measures. The Fairmount Park Mounted Guard became the Fairmount Park Police in 1966, but maintained the same responsibilities. In 1972, Mayor Frank Rizzo found it unnecessary for taxpayers to fund two separate police departments, and merged the Fairmount Park Police into the Philadelphia Police, creating the Park Division. The mounted unit was once again used to patrol the streets of Philadelphia. The mounted unit survived to celebrate 100 years in 1989, but was disbanded in 2004 due to budgetary cuts by Mayor John F. Street's administration. On July 18, 2008, Philadelphia Police Commissioner Charles H. Ramsey confirmed that plans are in the works to recreate the mounted unit. The Philadelphia Inquirer again reported on June 2, 2009 that Ramsey hoped to revive the unit once the city was in a better financial standing. The continued recreation of the Mounted Unit took an additional step forward on October 31, 2011 when the City of Philadelphia announced plans to build a new facility for the unit in Fairmount Park.

Ranks within the department

See also: Police ranks of the United States

Title	Insignia	Uniform Shirt Color	Type of Rank
Police Commissioner		White	Appointed by the city's managing director with the approval of the mayor
First Deputy Police Commissioner		White	Appointed by the city's managing director with the approval of the mayor
Deputy Police Commissioner 2-Star		White	Appointed by the city's managing director with the approval of the mayor
Deputy Police Commissioner 1-Star		White	Appointed by the city's managing director with the approval of the mayor
Chief Inspector		White	Civil service rank
Inspector		White	Civil service rank
Staff Inspector		White	Civil service rank
Captain		White	Civil service rank
Lieutenant		White	Civil service rank
Sergeant		White	Civil service rank
Corporal/Detective		Blue	Civil service rank
Police Officer		Blue	Civil service rank
Police Officer Recruit		Khaki/Tan

Description of ranks in the PPD

To be promoted in the Philadelphia Police Department, a police officer must finish his first year in the department. Then, when the next corporal or detective test is announced, they are eligible to take the test. PHiladelphia PD Test for corporal and detectives is a written multiple choice test, lasting two to three hours. Also part of an officer's score is based on seniority.

The ranks of corporal and detective have the same pay grade, but have different functions. Corporals are "operations supervisors" and are responsible for overseeing a patrol district's operations room, or a special unit's operations; i.e., that reports are submitted accurately and in a timely manner, etc. Only rarely do corporals work the street. A corporal must have a minimum of a year's experience as a police officer.

Sergeants command a squad of officers, making assignments to beats, assigning traffic details, helping to supervise the radio room, commanding harbor patrol boats and performing other similar tasks. When assigned to the detective force, a sergeant interviews suspects and witnesses, assigns detectives to cases and investigates clues, among other duties. Sergeants must have a minimum of two years experience as a police officer, or a year's experience as a corporal or detective.

The rank of lieutenant is the first executive supervisory rank. Lieutenants command an assigned area in a police district or a specialized unit, such as a traffic unit. If assigned as a detective, a lieutenant supervises an investigation. Lieutenants must have a minimum of one year's experience as a sergeant.

Captains either command police districts or direct the activities of a specialized unit. When assigned as a detective, a captain organizes and directs surveillance activities and police raids, prepares cases, interviews and interrogates suspects and testifies in court. Captains must have a minimum of one year's experience as a lieutenant.

Staff Inspectors are usually departmental administrative officers, serving on the police Command Staff under a commissioner or deputy commissioner. They are generally assigned to inspect police divisions, districts and units, evaluate police practices, equipment and personnel, and make recommendations for improvement where necessary; however, they may also command units and divisions. Staff Inspectors must have a minimum of one year's service as a captain.

Inspectors are senior executive officers who typically command divisions and supervise officers under their command during any major police action, disaster or emergency. Inspectors must have a minimum of one year's service as a staff inspector or captain.

Chief Inspectors are senior departmental administrative officers who either command bureaus within the department or who inspect police divisions, districts and units, evaluate police practices, equipment and personnel, and make recommendations for improvement where necessary. Chief Inspectors must have a minimum of one year's service as a staff inspector or inspector.

Deputy commissioners and above are appointed by the city managing director with mayoral approval, not by the city civil service. Deputy commissioners are usually in charge of a regional command.

The two First Deputy Commissioners head the Office of Field Operations and the Office of Organizational Accountability.

The Commissioner is appointed by the city managing director with mayoral approval, and is in charge of the entire department.

Detectives in the PPD

Detectives no longer come under the Detective Bureau, but are still primarily assigned to Divisional Detective Units, and specialized units like Homicide, Organized Crime/Intelligence, and Background Investigation. The detective divisions now fall under whichever Regional Operations Command they reside in except the special units aforementioned. The commanding officer of a detective bureau reports directly to the divisional inspector who reports to the ROC who is a deputy police commissioner. Detectives are not considered supervisory personnel, they are a civil service rank of their own and take orders from a sergeant. There are also police officers who serve in an investigative capacity, such as in the Juvenile Aid and Special Victims Units. They are paid in the same pay scale as a police officer assigned to patrol.

Unlike most law enforcement agencies, the Philadelphia Police Department Detective Bureau does not maintain the ranks such as detective sergeant or detective lieutenant, etc. Also, unlike other departments such as NYPD and LAPD, Philadelphia Police detectives do not have a uniform that can be worn during details or funerals. The prescribed attire of a Philadelphia Police detective is proper business attire. In the Philadelphia Police Department, the rank of detective can only be made by a civil service exam and there are no grade differentiations. This is contrast to NYPD who have the ability to make field promotions to detective for an outstanding performance or circumstance.

Highest-ranking officials

Philadelphia police traffic officers with their patrol car

Police Marshals

• John J. Keyser, 1850–1853
• John K. Murphy, 1853–1855

Chiefs of Police

• Samuel G. Ruggles, 1855–1867
• St. Clair A. Mulholland, 1867–1872
• Kennard Jones, 1872–1879
• Samuel L. Given, 1879–1884
• James Stewart, 1884–1887
• James Lamon, 1887–1892

Superintendents of Police

• Robert Linden, 1892–1899
• Harry M. Quick, 1899–1904
• John B. Taylor, 1904–1912
• James Robinson, 1912–1920
• William B. Mills, 1920–1931
• Joseph E. Lestrange, 1931–1936
• James H. Malone, 1936–1937
• Edward Hubbs, 1937–1940
• Howard P. Sutton, 1950–1952

Police Commissioners

• Thomas J. Gibbons, 1952–1960
• Albert N. Brown, 1960–1962
• Howard Leary, 1962–1965
• Edward J. Bell, 1966–1967
• Frank L. Rizzo, 1967–1971 (first Italian American commissioner, later Mayor of Philadelphia)
• Joseph F.O'Neill, 1971–1980
• Morton B. Solomon, 1980–1984
• Gregore J. Sambor, 1984–1985
• Robert F. Armstrong, 1985–1986 (interim)
• Kevin M. Tucker, 1986–1988 (First commissioner from outside the police department since the 1920s)
• Willie L. Williams, 1988–1992 (first African American commissioner, later chief of the LAPD)
• Richard Neal, 1992–1998
• John Timoney, 1998–2002 (currently a police consultant)
• Sylvester Johnson, 2002–2008
• Charles H. Ramsey 2008–present

Demographics

• Male: 70%
• Female: 30%

• White: 55.6%
• African-American/Black: 36.4%
• Hispanic: 6.5%
• Other: 1.5%

Awards and honors

See: United States law enforcement decorations#Philadelphia Police Department

See also: George Fencl Award

Misconduct

The Philadelphia Police Department is a large organization with a long history. This history has included cases of misconduct by police officers.

In 1967, Police Commissioner Frank Rizzo came under fire for his handling of the 1967 Philadelphia Student Demonstrations.^{[citation needed]}

In 1985, the Philadelphia Police dropped a mixture of civilian and military explosives on a "home-made" wooden bunker, built on the roof of the Osage Avenue house occupied by members of the MOVE organization. The bomb ignited several barrels of gasoline, starting a fire which destroyed the entire block, leaving 250 people homeless, and killing eleven people.

In the early 1990s, a corruption scandal centered around officers in the department's 39th district in North Philadelphia led to the prosecutions of six officers, and attracted nationwide attention.^{[citation needed]}

In 2009, Philadelphia police officer Frank Tepper shot and killed a neighbor in an incident not related to the police department. In 2011, he was found guilty of first-degree murder. State law requires a sentence of life.

In April 2010, Officer Robert Ralston, a 21-year veteran of the PPD, shot himself in the shoulder and claimed that he had been shot by one of two African Americans who he claimed had fled the scene. His statements resulted in a massive manhunt including SWAT personnel. After being confronted with evidence showing that he had shot himself and being offered immunity, he confirmed that the wound was self-inflicted. As of June 2010, Ralston had been fired after being placed on paid leave following the admission.

In June 2011, Officer Howard Lomax became the 27th Philadelphia Police officer arrested in the previous two years.

In March 2012, Officer Keith Corley was found guilty on charges of indecent exposure and official repression related to allegedly raping a woman in his police car while he was on duty. He was acquitted on more serious charges.

In September 2012, Lt. Jonathan Josey punched a woman, Aida Guzman, in the face during a Puerto Rican Day Parade at 5th and Lehigh in Kensington; he was reported saying "that's what you get" as she was lying on the ground.

On May 22, 2013, Officer Jeffrey Walker, a 24-year veteran was arrested for ripping off drug dealers. He was allegedly caught on audio tape and on surveillance video talking to an FBI informant about schemes to set up known drug dealers in order to steal their drugs and cash. He was taken into custody leaving a home of an alleged drug dealer.

Popular culture

• The Philadelphia Police Department is featured in the 1978 zombie film Dawn of the Dead in which the PPD S.W.A.T. team clears out a tenement building which was harboring the undead.
• The 1983 comedy Trading Places, Dan Aykroyd's character is detained and questioned by members of the PPD.
• The 1985 thriller Witness features Harrison Ford's character as a detective in the PPD who is hunted by corrupt members of the department.
• The PPD's Recruit Training Academy was featured in an episode of Da Ali G Show in which Ali G participates in several police training exercises.
• The police/drama series Cold Case involves detectives of the Philadelphia Police Department.
• The 1990 action/comedy Downtown featuring Anthony Edwards and Forest Whitaker.
• The PPD is shown assisting members of the Baltimore Police Department on a 2002 episode of The Wire during the extradition and arrest of criminal Wee-Bey Brice.
• The television series Monk mentions that Lieutenant Randy Disher served as a police sergeant for several years in the PPD.
• The PPD is featured in the series Presidential Agent written by W. E. B. Griffin.
• The PPD is featured in the series Badge of Honor written by W. E. B. Griffin.
• The PPD is also featured in the 2007 film Shooter, starring Mark Wahlberg.
• The PPD is also featured in the 2008 BBC documentary Law and Disorder in Philadelphia, presented by Louis Theroux.
• The PPD is featured in several segments of the television series Cops during the early 1990s and 2000s.
• A member of the PPD shoots himself to death after being overcome by suicidal madness in the 2008 environmental thriller The Happening by director M. Night Shyamalan.
• Several of PPD Mounted and Patrol cars appear in the early Jeff Bridges film Winter Kills 1979.
• The remake of Blow Out with John Travolta in 1981 was filmed in Philadelphia and included several members of the PPD.
• Members of the department were depicted in the 2009 thriller film, Law Abiding Citizen.
• The homicide unit of the PPD is featured in the crime series written by Richard Montanari.
• The Delaware Valley Police Department (DVPD) from the 2012 TV series Beauty and the Beast is a fictionalized version of the PPD. The DVPD's commissioner is Capt. Logan Walsh (played by Hugh Laurie).
• In the cartoon Jump Start, the father in the family is a member of the PPD.
• In the 1967 mystery film In the Heat of the Night, protagonist Virgil Tibbs (played by Sidney Poitier) is a PPD homicide detective.
• Mike Ehrmantraut (played by Jonathan Banks) is a former Philadelphia police officer who works as a private investigator, head of security, cleaner, hit man, and consigliere in the TV series Breaking Bad. The reasons he left the force in Philadelphia were never specified; his main lesson as a cop was to not take "half measures".
• The PPD is featured in "The Mickey Devlin Novels" by Inspector Michael Patrick Cooney (Ret.).
• Most recently, the PPD is featured in the post apocalyptic film World War Z (2013) starring Brad Pitt.

Notable events in history

In 1881, the Philadelphia Police Department hired its first African-American police officer.

In 1887, the police department was put under control of the city's Department of Public Safety. Two years later, the PPD inaugurated its mounted patrol (which was disbanded in 2004).

In 1906, the motorcycle was introduced to the Philadelphia police.

In 1939, radio-installed patrol cars were put into use.

In 1964, a race riot breaks out in North Philadelphia calling every police officer in the city to duty.

In 1970, a well publicized raid of the Black Panther Party occurs.

In 1979, the department reached its peak size at approximately 8,500 officers.

In 1981, Officer Daniel Faulkner was shot while performing a traffic stop. Former Black Panther Mumia Abu-Jamal (né Wesley Cook), was convicted of Officer Faulkner's murder. The incident, subsequent trial and conviction of Jamal remains a topic of controversy in the United States and around the world.

In 1987, the Philadelphia Police Department arrested Gary Heidnik, serial murderer who kidnapped, tortured and raped six women and kept them prisoner in his Philadelphia, Pennsylvania basement.

In 2001, Ira Samuel Einhorn, a.k.a. "The Unicorn Killer" (born May 15, 1940), is a former American activist of the 1960s and 1970s was extradited back to Philadelphia to stand trial for 1977 murder of Holly Maddux. Philadelphia Police Department investigated the Maddux homicide and charged Einhorn with first degree murder. Einhorn in 1981 fled to Europe to avoid his trial.

In November 2011 retired Philadelphia police Captain Ray Lewis participated in the Occupy Wall Street protests in New York city while wearing his police uniform. He was arrested for disobeying police orders to not block traffic and charged with civil disobedience.

In sixteen months spanning from October 2007 to February 2009, six Philadelphia Police officers were killed in the line of duty while pursuing suspects in various crimes. Those lost were Officer Charles Cassidy, Sergeant Stephen Liczbinski, Officer Isabel Nazario, Officer Patrick McDonald, who was posthumously promoted to Sergeant, Sergeant Timothy Simpson, and Officer John Pawlowski.

In 2012, violent crime and assaults on policemen were both down on the previous year. Despite this, in 2012, shootings by Philadelphia police reached 52 shootings (with 15 deaths), the highest level since 2002.

See also

• Criminal Justice Center (Philadelphia)
• List of law enforcement agencies in Pennsylvania
• List of Philadelphia Police Department officers killed in the line of duty
• Philadelphia Fire Department
• Philadelphia Highway Patrol

External links

• Philadelphia Police Department official website
• Philadelphia Police Blog
• Philadelphia Police Facebook
• Philadelphia Police Twitter
• Philadelphia Police Department's channel on YouTube
• Honoring All Fallen Members of the Philadelphia Police Department
• History of City of Philadelphia and its Police Department