Philip Rashleigh

Philip Rashleigh FRS (1729–1811), antiquary and Cornish squire, eldest son of Jonathan Rashleigh, M.P. for Fowey in Cornwall (d 24 Nov. 1764), who married, on 11 June 1728, Mary, daughter of Sir William Clayton of Marden in Surrey, was born at Aldermanbury, London, 28 Dec.1729. He is probably most notable for collecting from the labourers who found it, and publishing, the Trewhiddle Hoard of Anglo-Saxon treasure, which still gives its name to the "Trewhiddle style" of 9th century decoration.

Life

He matriculated from New College, Oxford, 15 July 1749, and contributed to the poems of the university on the death of Frederick, Prince of Wales, a set of English verses, which is reprinted in Nichols's Select Collection of Poems (viii. 201–2); he left Oxford without taking a degree. At the death of his father he was elected member for the family borough of Fowey, on 21 Jan. 1765, and sat continuously, in spite of contests and election petitions, until the dissolution of 1802, when he was known as the "Father of the House of Commons". His knowledge of Cornish mineralogy procured his election as a Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries and Fellow of the Royal Society in 1788. He died at the family seat of Menabilly, near Fowey, 26 June 1811, and was buried in the church of Tywardreath, Cornwall. He married his first cousin, Jane (1720–1795), only daughter of the Rev. Carolus Pole and granddaughter of Sir John Pole of Shute, Devonshire. They had no issue, and the family estates passed to a nephew. A portrait of Rashleigh, seated in a chair, was painted by John Opie about 1795, and is now in the Royal Cornwall Museum, Truro. It is a "fine specimen of the painter's best period".

Scientific work

Rashleigh's collection of minerals was remarkable for its various specimens of tin. It is held by the Royal Cornwall Museum, with portions at the Natural History Museum, and its most valuable portions are described in two volumes of Specimens of British Minerals from his cabinet (1797 and 1802). In the same collection are models in glass of the hailstones that fell on 20 Oct. 1791, particulars of which, with the figured representations, are given, on Rashleigh's information, in King's Remarks on Stones fallen from the Clouds, pp. 18–20. He contributed antiquarian papers to the Archæologia, ix. 187–8, xi. 83–4, xii. 414, but they were derided by Dr. John Whitaker as the work of an "amateur in antiquarianism". A paper by him on certain "alluvial deposits" at Sandrycock, Cornwall, is in the Transactions of the Royal Geological Society of Cornwall, ii. 281–4, and a letter from him to E. M. Da Costa, on some English shells, is in the British Museum Addit. MS. 28541, f. 196. He constructed a remarkable grotto at Polridmouth, near the family seat.

References

Atttribution

 This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: "Rashleigh, Philip". Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900. 

External links

• Mineralogical Record gallery of illustration of the Rashleigh collection

Parliament of England
Preceded by Jonathan Rashleigh Hon. Robert Boyle-Walsingham	Member of Parliament for Fowey 1765–1800 With: Hon. Robert Boyle-Walsingham 1765–1768 James Modyford Heywood 1768–1774 The Lord Shuldham 1774–1784 John Grant 1784–1786 Viscount Valletort 1786–1795 Sylvester Douglas 1795–1796 Reginald Pole-Carew 1796–1799 Edward Golding 1799–1800	Succeeded by Parliament of Great Britain
Parliament of Great Britain
Preceded by Parliament of England	Member of Parliament for Fowey 1801–1802 With: Edward Golding	Succeeded by Edward Golding Reginald Pole-Carew