Pie bird
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A pie bird, pie vent, pie whistle, pie funnel,[1] or pie chimney is a hollow ceramic device, originating in Europe, shaped like a funnel, chimney, or upstretched bird with open beak. Funnel-style steam vents have been placed in the center of fruit and meat pies during cooking since Victorian times; the bird shapes came a little later.[2]
Pie funnels were used to prevent pie filling from boiling up and leaking through the crust by allowing steam to escape from inside the pie. They also supported the pastry crust in the center of the pie, so that it did not sag in the middle, and are occasionally known as "crustholders". Older ovens had more problems with uniform heating, and the pie bird prevented boilover in pie cooking.
The traditional inverted funnels with arches on the bottom for steam to enter were followed by ceramic birds, and from the 1940s they have been produced in a multitude of designs.[3] This trend has been particularly noticeable in recent times, due to their increasing popularity as gifts and collectors' items rather than simply utilitarian kitchen tools.
The nursery rhyme "Sing a Song of Sixpence" refers to "Four and twenty blackbirds, baked in a pie; when the pie was opened, the birds began to sing" but it is uncertain whether pie vents were designed to look like birds because of this song. The Oxford English Dictionary comments that the word pie itself (in the culinary sense) may be connected with 'pie' as the name of a variety of birds, in particular the magpie, and also comments on a putative relationship between the similar terms haggis and haggess (another obsolete name for a magpie).
[edit] References
- ^ Oxford English Dictionary
- ^ Alice Ross, Pie-making Tools, in The Oxford Companion to American Food and Drink, Andrew F. Smith, OUP, 2007, p455
- ^ Alice Ross, Pie-making Tools, in The Oxford Companion to American Food and Drink, Andrew F. Smith, OUP, 2007, p455
[edit] External links
- Site by US collector and author of two related books; also has information on Conventions of pie bird collectors
- South African collector's site
- UK contemporary manufacturer's site
- A Piebird Store
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