Pierre Bourgault

Pierre Bourgault (January 23, 1934 – June 16, 2003) was a French Canadian politician and essayist of Breton origin, as well as an actor and journalist from Quebec, Canada. He is most famous as a public speaker who advocated sovereignty for Quebec from Canada.

Profile

Bourgault (pronounced Bour-go) was born in East Angus in the Estrie (Eastern Townships) region of Quebec. His father was a civil servant and his mother, a homemaker. His parents sent him to boarding school at age 7, determined that he should receive the education which they lacked. After secondary school, he briefly considered the seminary and a possible indoctrination into the priesthood, per ancestral tradition, but reneged on his obligation shortly thereafter. He remained "fascinated" by scripture, even with his declaration of atheism in older age. He is today entombed within the traditionally Catholic Notre Dame cemetery in Montreal.

Beginning in the early 1960s, he supported Quebec independence from Canada and in 1960 helped found the pro-independence Rassemblement pour l'indépendance nationale. He participated a number of union strikes and marches that resulted in violence. In 1964, he became leader of the RIN. In 1968, he disbanded the RIN and invited its members to join René Lévesque's Mouvement Souveraineté-Association and the Ralliement national in the newly founded Parti Québécois, under Lévesque's leadership. During the St. Jean Baptiste celebration in 1968, he and other supporters rioted and threw objects in the direction of Pierre Trudeau. He and 300 others were arrested for this incident. However, Bourgault himself did not play any role in the PQ government that came to power in the 1976 Quebec provincial election, and often quarreled with Lévesque before leaving the PQ in the 1980s. Some say that he sacrificed his own political career to unite pro-sovereignty forces.

In his early life, he was a journalist at Montreal newspaper La Presse, and he returned to this publication in the 1990s as a columnist for Le Journal de Montréal newspaper. After 1976, he was a professor of communications at the Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM). He was also the co-host or regular columnist of several radio shows aired on la Société Radio-Canada, the French language sector of the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation.

Bourgault was an avowed atheist. Despite their political differences, he had a solid friendship with Robert Bourassa. An ardent defender of the French language, even against joual, he received the Prix Georges-Émile-Lapalme in 1997.

A fiery speaker and apt persuader, it was once estimated that he had given 4,000 speeches in his life. Most of these speeches have been lost to posterity since he did not write them down.

He was openly gay, though he said in an interview for Radio-Canada a few years before his death that in his later years he chose to stop having sexual relations.

Despite his fervent attempts to dislodge Quebec from Canada , he was a fluent and eloquent speaker of English. For a brief period in the 1980s, he was a weekly columnist for Montreal's anglophone daily, The Gazette.

Works

• Québec quitte ou double, 1970
• Oui à l'indépendance du Québec, 1977
• Le plaisir de la liberté , 1983
• Écrits polémiques 1960-1981, 1989
• Moi, je m'en souviens, 1989
• Maintenant ou jamais, entretiens, 1990
• La politique. Écrits polémiques, 1996

Awards

• 1983 - Prix Air Canada
• 1997 - Prix Georges-Émile-Lapalme
• 2000 - Prix Jules-Fournier
• 2001 - Prix Condorcet

External links

• Obituary (from Le Devoir, in French)