Pleurotomarioidea
| Pleurotomarioidea | |
|---|---|
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| A shell of Entemnotrochus rumphii | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Mollusca |
| Class: | Gastropoda |
| (unranked): | clade Vetigastropoda |
| Superfamily: | Pleurotomarioidea Swainson, 1840 |
| Families | |
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See text |
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Pleurotomarioidea is a superfamily of small to large marine gastropods included in the Vetigastropoda.[1]
These are the slit shells, originally named Pleurotomariacea, in keeping with the convention for naming superfamilies at the time.
Contents |
[edit] Evolutionary history
Forming the first evidence of crown-group gastropods when they appeared in the Upper Cambrian, the fossil record of the Pleurotomarioideans has no substantial gaps until today. The group took quite a hit at the K–T boundary, with only the Pleurotomariidae surviving the extinction – and then only in deep waters.[2]
Living representatives of the group were first discovered in the mid-19th century, and their unusual mix of primitive and derived characters perplexed biologists. The researchers originally responded by re-working their ideas of how the gastropod lineage evolved, but with the introduction of cladistics, attempts are currently underway to fit them into a molluscan phylogeny.[2]
[edit] Taxonomy
[edit] 2004 taxonomy
J. D. Stilwell et al. 2004[3] put the Pleurotomarioidea in the order Archaeogastropoda which is included in the Prosobranchia.
[edit] 1993 and 2005 taxonomy
The following families have been recognized in taxonomy by Tracey at al. (1993)[4] and in the taxonomy of Bouchet & Rocroi (2005):
(Families that are exclusively fossil are indicated with a dagger †)
- family Pleurotomariidae
- † family Catantostomatidae
- † family Kittlidiscidae
- † family Phymatopleuridae
- † family Polytremariidae
- † family Portlockiellidae
- † family Rhaphischismatidae
- † family Trochotomidae
- † family Zygitidae
Bouchet and Rocroi (2005) includes the Pleurotomarioidea in the Vetigastropoda, following Ponder and Lindberg (1997), but refers to the Vetigastropoda simply as a clade.
[edit] 2008 taxonomy
P. J. Wagner 2008[5] includes the superfamily Pleurotomarioidea, (ex Pleurotomariacea) in the suborder Pleurotomariina and superorder Vetigastropoda. This as yet (September 2010) unpublished opinion by Wagner.[5]
[edit] References
- ^ Bouchet, P.; Rocroi, J.-P. (2005). "Classification and Nomenclator of Gastropod Families". Malacologia 47 (1–2).
- ^ a b Harasewych, M. (2002). "Pleurotomarioidean gastropods". Advances in marine biology. Advances in Marine Biology 42: 237–294. doi:10.1016/S0065-2881(02)42015-9. ISBN 9780120261420. ISSN 0065-2881. PMID 12094724.
- ^ Classification of J. D. Stilwell et al. 2004 J. D. Stilwell, W. J. Zinsmeister, and A. E. Oleinik. 2004. Early Paleocene Mollusks of Antarctica: Systematics, Paleoecology and Paleobiogeographic Significance. Bulletins of American Paleontology 367
- ^ Tracey,, S.; J.A. Todd & D.H. Erwin (1993). Mollusca, Gastropoda; in : M.J. Benton (ed.) The Fossil Record, volume 2. London: Chapman & hall. pp. 131–167.
- ^ a b[unreliable source?] Classification of P. J. Wagner 2008 P. J. Wagner. 2008. Paleozoic Gastropod, Rostroconch, Helcionelloid and Tergomyan Database. http://paleodb.org/cgi-bin/bridge.pl?action=displayReference&reference_no=9042 (unpublished).
