Plundering Time
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The Plundering Time (1644-1646) was a period of civil unrest in the Province of Maryland caused by the tensions of the English Civil War. Governor Leonard Calvert (1606-1647) led colonial defenses against Parliamentary privateers such as Captain Richard Ingle and William Claiborne. This conflict is also known as Claiborne and Ingle's Rebellion.
[edit] Background
The causes of the rebellion included Claiborne's disputed claim with the Calverts over Kent Island, Maryland, the bitter relations between the Catholic elite and the Protestant majority, and the partisanship of the English Civil War.
[edit] Plundering time
In 1638, Calvert seized a trading post in Kent Island established by Claiborne. In 1644, Claiborne led an uprising of Protestants and retook Kent Island. Meanwhile, Ingle seized control of St. Mary's City, Maryland. They began plundering the property of anyone who did not swear allegiance to the English Parliament. Though Governor Calvert ultimately crushed the rebellion of Claiborne and Ingle, he died shortly after from illness. The colonial assembly issued the Maryland Toleration Act in 1649 to mollify the factions. Parliamentary victory in England renewed tensions leading to the Battle of the Severn in 1655.
[edit] References
- Timothy B. Riordan, The Plundering Time: Maryland in the English Civil War, 1642-1650. Maryland Historical Society, 2005.
- Paul F. Liston, The plundering Time: The Hardships of Southern Maryland Catholics in Colonial Times. Abbeyfeale Press, 1993.
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