Portal:Fascism

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The Fascism Portal

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The fasces, the namesake of fascism

Fascism is a political ideology based primarily on nationalism. Definitions of fascism beyond that are controversial, and the term is often abused as an epithet. Also, fascism’s position in the political spectrum is disputed. Fascism originated in Europe in the aftermath of World War I in the form of Italian Fascism. Similar movements, most notably Nazism, started in other countries, taking fascism worldwide. Several of these fascist movements came to power over their respective countries, many of which joined Fascist Italy and Nazi Germany to form the Axis powers. The Allies defeated the Axis in World War II. After that defeat, fascism went underground to later resurface as neofascism.

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Triumph of the Will (German: Triumph des Willens) is a propaganda film made by Leni Riefenstahl. It chronicles the 1934 Nazi Party Congress in Nuremberg. The film contains excerpts from speeches given by various Nazi leaders at the Congress, including portions of speeches by Adolf Hitler, interspersed with footage of massed party members. Hitler commissioned the film and served as an unofficial executive producer; his name appears in the opening titles. The overriding theme of the film is the return of Germany as a great power, with Hitler as the True German Leader who will bring glory to the nation. Triumph of the Will was released in 1935 and rapidly became one of the better-known examples of propaganda in film history. Riefenstahl's techniques, such as moving cameras, the use of telephoto lenses to create a distorted perspective, aerial photography, and revolutionary approach to the use of music and cinematography, have earned Triumph recognition as one of the greatest films in history. Riefenstahl won several awards, not only in Germany but also in the United States, France, Sweden, and other countries. The film was popular in the Third Reich and elsewhere, and has continued to influence movies, documentaries, and commercials to this day.

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Mauthausen-Gusen
Credit: Lt. A. E. Samuelson, United States Army

Prisoners interned by the Nazis in Ebensee concentration camp, a subcamp of Mauthausen-Gusen in Ebensee, Austria, are liberated by the United States Army. The prisoners are malnourished, incredibly pale and show signs of abuse and mistreatment. The camp was reputedly used for medical experiments by Aribert Heim, known as "Doctor Death".

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Bottecchia in the 1920s.

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Benito Mussolini
The Fascist accepts life and loves it, knowing nothing of and despising suicide; he rather conceives of life as duty and struggle and conquest, life which should be high and full, lived for oneself, but not above all for others -- those who are at hand and those who are far distant, contemporaries, and those who will come after.

News

  • 7 July 2009: Scotland Yard voices fears of a terrorist attack from the far right.[1]
  • 3 July 2009: A German court declares 89-year-old John Demjanjuk fit to stand trial.[2]
  • 28 June 2009: On Croatia's national anti-fascism day, President Stjepan Mesić delivers a warning about the rise in sympathy for the Ustasha state.[3]
  • 27 June 2009: Nine former Nazi SS officers are sentenced to life imprisonment for a World War II massacre in Italy.[4]
  • 17 June 2009: Michela Vittoria Brambilla, the tourism minister of Italy, is accused of delivering a Roman salute.[5]
  • 15 June 2009: The Italian National Guard, a vigilante group set to begin foot patrols in Northern Italy, causes controversy when it unveils its uniform in Milan, which is seen as similar to that of the blackshirts.[6]

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