Portal:Jainism

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The Jainism Portal

The Jain symbol that was agreed upon by all Jain sects in 1975.
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Jainism (play /ˈnɪzəm/; Sanskrit: जैनधर्म - Jainadharma, Tamil: சமணம் - Samaṇam) is an Indian religion that prescribes a path of non-violence towards all living beings. Its philosophy and practice emphasize the necessity of self-effort to move the soul towards divine consciousness and liberation. Any soul that has conquered its own inner enemies and achieved the state of supreme being is called a jina ("conqueror" or "victor"). The ultimate status of these perfect souls is called siddha. Jainism is also referred to as shramana dharma (self-reliant) or the "path of the niganthas" (those without attachments or aversions) by ancient texts.

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Jain cosmology: According to Jain beliefs, the universe was never created, nor will it ever cease to exist. Nor is it controlled by an all powerful deity. Time is divided into Utsarpinis (Progressive Time Cycle) and Avsarpinis (Regressive Time Cycle). An Utsarpini and an Avsarpini constitute one Time Cycle (Kalchakra). Every Utsarpini and Avsarpini is divided into six unequal periods known as Aras. During the Utsarpini half cycle, ethics, progress, happiness, strength, age, body, religion, etc. , go from the worst conditions to the best. During the Avsarpini half-cycle, these notions deteriorate from the best to the worst. Jains believe we are currently in the fifth Ara of the Avsarpini phase, with approximately 19,000 years until the next Ara. After this Avsarpini phase, the Utsarpini phase will begin, continuing the infinite repetition of the Kalchakra.

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Tattvartha Sutra (also known as Tattvarth-adhigama-sutra or Moksh-Shastra) is a Jain text written by Acharya Umaswati.[1] It was an attempt to bring together the different elements of the Jain path, epistemological, metaphysical, cosmological, ethical and practical, otherwise unorganized around the scriptures in an unsystematic format. It is the first Jain text in sutra or aphoristic form, and bring almost entire Jain doctrinal system in 350 sutras spread over 10 chapters.[2] The term Tattvartha is composed of the Sanskrit words tattva "things, realities" and artha "true nature". Umaswami is accepted by all the sects of Jains and is said to have lived around the 2nd century.

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Lord Rishabha or Rishabha Deva who was the first Tirthankar of Jainism. Lord Rishabha was the first Tirthankar of our time, and hence is also called Adinatha, the First Lord. In Jain tradition, he is more than a Tirthankar. As a king, he is credited with development of several innovations affecting the society, as transition was being made from a simple to a more complex society.

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According to Jain beliefs, Jain philosophy is a codification of eternal universal truths which at times lapse among humanity, but later reappear through the teachings of human beings who have gained enlightenment or omniscience (Keval Gnan).


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  • Add {{Portal|Jainism}} to the See also section of Jainism-related articles.
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  • Looking for timeliness of Jain history, starting from first Tirthankar, Rishabh, till date. Diagram would be easy to understand and references of other religions in India on same chart would be a great help.

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