Portal:Military history of the Ottoman Empire
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Military history of the Ottoman Empire PortalIntroduction
Selected article
Ottoman Hungary or Muslim Hungary refers to the Turkish-Ottoman age of today's Hungary (1526 - 1699). By the sixteenth century, the power of the Ottoman Empire had increased gradually, as did the territory occupied by them in the Balkans, while the Kingdom of Hungary was weakened by the peasants' uprisings. Under the reign of Louis II Jagiellon (1516-1526), internal dissentions divided the nobility. After capturing Belgrade in 1521, Süleyman the Magnificent (1520–1566) did not hesitate to launch an attack against the weakened Kingdom, whose smaller (~26 000 vs. ~100 000 strong), badly lead army was defeated on 29 August, 1526 at the Battle of Mohács. Thus he became the master the Kingdom of Hungary, having a semi-vassal king, named János Szapolyai. Suleyman went further and tried to oust the Habsburg for the Hungarian game, and laid siege to Vienna in 1529, but failed to take that city after the onset of winter forced his retreat. The territory of the Kingdom was disputed between the Ottomans and the Habsburgs until 1541. Both of them had their own king for Hungary. After the seizure of Buda by the Turks in 1541, the West and North remained in the Habsburgs' hands ("Royal Hungary"), while the central and southern counties were occupied by the Sultan, with the territory becoming one of the 42 eyalets (provinces) of the Ottoman Empire, with the capital at Budin (Buda). Later, the eyalets of Eğri (اكر ) and Kanije were created. (Read More...) Selected biography Ali Pasha (or Muezzinzade Ali Pasha) (Turkish: Müezzinzâde Ali Paşa), was an Ottoman official and general and finally grand admiral ("Kaptan-ı Derya") of the Ottoman Mediterranean fleet from 1569 to 1571, succeeding Piyale Pasha. He was the son of a Muezzin and had himself issued the call to prayer from his father's mosque which overlooked the sultan's seraglio. He was a favorite of Sultan Selim II and the women of the seraglio who had greatly admired his voice, and, like Piyale Pasha, he had married one of Selim's daughters. Ali Pasha, with a fleet eventually numbering 188 Galleys, fustas, transports and other ships, carried the main land force, commanded by Lala Mustafa Pasha, for the Ottoman invasion and conquest of Cyprus from Istanbul on 16 May 1570 to Cyprus, where they landed on 3 July. While Lala Mustafa commanded the eventual capture of the island from Venice, Ali Pasha took the bulk of his fleet to Crete and then to Morea, thereby effectively preventing any Christian relief fleet from coming to the aid of the besieged defenders of Cyprus. Ali Pasha was commander-in-chief of the Ottoman naval forces at the Battle of Lepanto on 7 October 1571. Selim had entrusted him with one of the most precious possessions of the Ottoman Sultans, the great "Banner of the Caliphs", a huge green banner heavily embroidered with texts from the Qur'an and with the name of Allah emblazoned upon it 28,900 times in golden letters. It was intended to provide an incentive for him and his men to do their best in battle. Selected quoteSo in Europe, we had empires. Everyone had them - France and Spain and Britain and Turkey! The Ottoman Empire, full of furniture for some reason. And the Austro-Hungarian Empire, famous for fuck all! Yes, all they did was slowly collapse like a flan in a cupboard. —Eddie Izzard, British comedian and actor on the Ottoman Empire
Selected event
The Ottoman-Egyptian Invasion of Mani was a campaign during the Greek War of Independence with three battles. The Maniots fought against a combined Egyptian and Ottoman army under the command of Ibrahim Pasha of Egypt.
On March 17, 1821, the Maniots (residents of the center peninsula on the southern part of Peloponnese) declared war on the Ottoman Empire, preceding the rest of Greece in joining the revolution, by about a week. The various Greek forces won a quick string of victories, however, disputes broke out amongst the leaders and anarchy ensued. The Ottomans seized this chance and called for reinforcements from Egypt. The reinforcements came under the command of Ibrahim Pasha, the son of the leader of Egypt, Muhammad Ali. With the Greeks in disarray, Ibrahim ravaged the Peloponnese and after a brief siege he captured the city of Messolonghi. He then tried to capture Nauplio but he was driven back. He then turned his attention to the only place in the Peloponnese that was free: Mani. Ibrahim tried to enter Mani from the north-east near Almiro on the June 21, 1826, but he was forced to stop at the fortifications at Vergas. His army of 7,000 men was held off by an army of 2,000 Maniots and 500 refugees from other parts of Greece. Due to Egyptian and Ottoman artillery, the disadvantaged Maniots managed to hold off the Ottomans. Ibrahim sent 1,500 men to try and land near Areopolis and go north to threaten the Maniot rear. This force was initially successful, however the women and old men of the area fought back and repelled them with heavy losses. When the Egyptians at Vergas heard that Theodoros Kolokotronis was coming from their rear they retreated. Selected picture
Selected chronologyGrowth of the Ottoman Empire
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