Pravdinsk
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| Pravdinsk (English) Правдинск (Russian) |
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| - Town[citation needed] - | |
 St. George Church |
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.svg) Location of Kaliningrad Oblast in Russia |
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 Pravdinsk
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| Coordinates: 54°27′N 21°01′E / 54.45°N 21.017°ECoordinates: 54°27′N 21°01′E / 54.45°N 21.017°E | |
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| Administrative status | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Kaliningrad Oblast |
| Administrative center of | Pravdinsky District[citation needed] |
| Statistics | |
| Population (2010 Census, preliminary) |
4,323 inhabitants[1] |
| Population (2002 Census) | 4,480 inhabitants[2] |
| Time zone | USZ1 (UTC+03:00)[3] |
| Founded | 1312[citation needed] |
| Postal code(s) | 238400[citation needed] |
| Dialing code(s) | +7 40157[citation needed] |
| Official website | |
Pravdinsk (Russian: 
Правдинск (help·info); German: Friedland in Ostpreußen (help·info); Lithuanian: Romuva; Polish: Frydląd) is a town and the administrative center of Pravdinsky District of Kaliningrad Oblast, Russia, located on the Lava River, approximately 30 kilometers (19 mi) east of Bagrationovsk. Population: 4,323 (2010 Census preliminary results);[1] 4,480 (2002 Census);[2] 4,143 (1989 Census).[4]
[edit] History
After they subdued the local Natangian tribe in Prussia, the Teutonic Knights in 1312 founded the settlement at a ford across the Lava, it received city rights in 1335 under Grand Master Luther von Braunschweig. The town was devastated during the Thirteen Years' War 1454-66 between the Order and the Prussian Confederation. Known then by its German name Friedland ("peaceful land"), the town became part of the Duchy of Prussia after the secularization of the Order-State in 1525. Under the ruling Hohenzollern dynasty, Friedland became part of Brandenburg-Prussia in 1618 and was again ravaged by Swedish troops in the course of the Second Northern War 1655-60.
Friedland belonged to the Kingdom of Prussia from 1701; on June 14, 1807, Napoleon I's French army won the nearby Battle of Friedland against a combined Russian-Prussian army. The town became part of the German Empire in 1871 during the Prussian-led unification of Germany.
Conquered by the Red Army during World War II, the town was transferred from Germany to the Soviet Union according to the 1945 Potsdam Agreement and the German population was expelled. The town was renamed from Friedland to Pravdinsk (Pravda meaning "truth" in Russian). The Late Gothic church of St. George in the town centre is well preserved and today used by the Moscow Patriarchate.
Pravdinsk is identified in some historical accounts[citation needed] with Romuva, said to be the centre of Baltic paganism. The Lithuanian name for Pravdinsk is 'Romuva', and this was most likely its name in Old Prussian as well. Whether Romuva was in fact associated with Baltic paganism is disputed, however. Some[citation needed] have suggested that this belief started when early Christian chroniclers were confused by the similarity between 'Romuva' and 'Rome', and by their own unwarranted assumption that Baltic paganism should resemble Roman paganism in being focused around a particular geographical center.
[edit] International relations
Pravdinsk is part of the Friedliches Land (Peaceful Land) municipal association with:
Frýdlant v Čechách, Czech Republic- Frýdlant nad Ostravicí, Czech Republic
Friedland, Brandenburg, Germany- Friedland, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany
- Friedland, Lower Saxony, Germany
Korfantów (Friedland in Oberschlesien), Poland- Mieroszów (Friedland in Niederschlesien), Poland
[edit] References
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Pravdinsk |
- ^ a b Федеральная служба государственной статистики (Federal State Statistics Service) (2011). "Предварительные итоги Всероссийской переписи населения 2010 года (Preliminary results of the 2010 All-Russian Population Census)" (in Russian). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (2010 All-Russia Population Census). Federal State Statistics Service. http://www.perepis-2010.ru/results_of_the_census/results-inform.php. Retrieved February 9, 2012.
- ^ a b Федеральная служба государственной статистики (Federal State Statistics Service) (May 21, 2004). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек (Population of Russia, its federal districts, federal subjects, districts, urban localities, rural localities—administrative centers, and rural localities with population of over 3,000)" (in Russian). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года (All-Russia Population Census of 2002). Federal State Statistics Service. http://www.perepis2002.ru/ct/doc/1_TOM_01_04.xls. Retrieved February 9, 2012.
- ^ Правительство Российской Федерации. Постановление №725 от 31 августа 2011 г. «О составе территорий, образующих каждую часовую зону, и порядке исчисления времени в часовых зонах, а также о признании утратившими силу отдельных Постановлений Правительства Российской Федерации». Вступил в силу по истечении 7 дней после дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Российская Газета", №197, 6 сентября 2011 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Resolution #725 of August 31, 2011 On the Composition of the Territories Included into Each Time Zone and on the Procedures of Timekeeping in the Time Zones, as Well as on Abrogation of Several Resolutions of the Government of the Russian Federation. Effective as of after 7 days following the day of the official publication.).
- ^ "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров. (All Union Population Census of 1989. Present population of union and autonomous republics, autonomous oblasts and okrugs, krais, oblasts, districts, urban settlements, and villages serving as district administrative centers.)" (in Russian). Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года (All-Union Population Census of 1989). Demoscope Weekly (website of the Institute of Demographics of the State University—Higher School of Economics. 1989. http://demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/rus89_reg.php. Retrieved February 9, 2012.
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