Preboreal

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Holocene Epoch This box: view talk edit

↑ Pleistocene
Holocene/Anthropocene
Preboreal (10.3 ka – 9 ka), Boreal (9 ka – 7.5 ka), Atlantic (7.5 ka – 5 ka), Subboreal (5 ka – 2.5 ka) Subatlantic (2.5 ka – present)

The Preboreal is a stage of the Holocene epoch.It is preceded by the Tarantian and succeeded by the Boreal. It lasted from 10,300 to 9,000 BP. It is the first stage of the Holocene epoch.

Geologic history of Earth

Precambrian supereon (4.567 Gya – 541 Mya)

In left column are eons; right column: bold are eras; not bold are periods:

Hadean (4.567 – 4 Gya)	Chaotian (4.567 - 4.4 Gya) Zirconian (4.4 - 4 Gya)

Archean (4 – 2.5 Gya)	Eoarchean (4 – 3.6 Gya) Paleoarchean (3.6 – 3.2 Gya) Mesoarchean (3.2 – 2.8 Gya) Neoarchean (2.8 – 2.5 Gya)

Proterozoic (2.5 Gya – 541 Mya)	Paleoproterozoic (2.5 – 1.6 Gya): Siderian (2.5 – 2.3 Gya) · Rhyacian (2.3 – 2.05 Gya) · Orosirian (2.05 – 1.8 Gya) · Statherian (1.8 – 1.6 Gya) Mesoproterozoic (1.6 – 1 Gya): Calymmian (1.6 – 1.4 Gya) · Ectasian (1.4 – 1.2 Gya) · Stenian (1.2 – 1 Gya) Neoproterozoic (1 Gya – 541 Mya): Tonian (1 Gya – 850 Mya) · Cryogenian (850 – 635 Mya) · Ediacaran (635 – 541 Mya)

Mya = millions years ago. Gya = billions years ago.

Phanerozoic eon (541.0 – 0 Mya)

In horizontal bars are eras; in left column are periods; right column: bold are epochs; not bold not italic are ages; italic are chrons:

Paleozoic (541.0 – 252.2 Mya)

Cambrian (541.0 – 485.4 Mya)	Terreneuvian (541.0 – 521 Mya): Fortunian (541.0 – 529 Mya) · Age 2* (529 – 521 Mya) *Epoch 2 (521 – 509 Mya)*: Age 3 (521 – 514 Mya) · Age 4* (514 – 509 Mya) *Epoch 3 (509 – 497 Mya)*: Age 5 (509 – 504.5 Mya) · Drumian (504.5 – 500.5 Mya) · Guzhangian (500.5 – 497 Mya) Furongian (497 – 485.4 Mya): Paibian (497 – 494 Mya) · Jiangshanian (494 – 489.5 Mya) · Age 10* (489.5 – 485.4 Mya)

Ordovician (485.4 – 443.4 Mya)	Lower Ordovician (485.4 – 470.0 Mya): Tremadocian (485.4 – 477.7 Mya) · Floian (477.7 – 470.0 Mya) Middle Ordovician (470.0 – 458.4 Mya): Dapingian (470.0 – 467.3 Mya) · Darriwilian (467.3 – 458.4 Mya) Upper Ordovician (458.4 – 443.4 Mya): Sandbian (458.4 – 453.0 Mya) · Katian (453.0 – 445.2 Mya) · Hirnantian (445.2 – 443.4 Mya)

Silurian (443.4 – 419.2 Mya)	Llandovery (443.4 – 433.4 Mya): Rhuddanian (443.4 – 440.8 Mya) · Aeronian (440.8 – 438.5 Mya) · Telychian (438.5 – 433.4 Mya) Wenlock (433.4 – 427.4 Mya): Sheinwoodian (433.4 – 430.5 Mya) · Homerian (430.5 – 427.4 Mya) Ludlow (427.4 – 423.0 Mya): Gorstian (427.4 – 425.6 Mya) · Ludfordian (425.6 – 423.0 Mya) Pridoli (423.0 – 419.2 Mya)

Devonian (419.2 – 358.9 Mya)	Lower Devonian (419.2 – 393.3 Mya): Lochkovian (419.2 – 410.8 Mya) · Pragian (410.8 – 407.6 Mya) · Emsian (407.6 – 393.3 Mya) Middle Devonian (393.3 – 382.7 Mya): Eifelian (393.3 – 387.7 Mya) · Givetian (387.7 – 382.7 Mya) Upper Devonian (382.7 – 358.9 Mya): Frasnian (382.7 – 372.2 Mya) · Famennian (372.2 – 358.9 Mya)

Carboniferous (358.9 – 298.9 Mya)	Mississippian (358.9 – 323.2 Mya): Tournaisian (358.9 – 346.7 Mya) · Viséan (346.7 – 330.9 Mya) · Serpukhovian (330.9 – 323.2 Mya) Pennsylvanian (323.2 – 298.9 Mya): Bashkirian (323.2 – 315.2 Mya) · Moscovian (315.2 – 307.0 Mya) · Kasimovian (307.0 – 303.7 Mya) · Gzhelian (303.7 – 298.9 Mya)

Permian (298.9 – 252.2 Mya)	Cisuralian (298.9 – 272.3 Mya): Asselian (298.9 – 295.5 Mya) · Sakmarian (295.5 – 290.1 Mya) · Artinskian (290.1 – 279.3 Mya) · Kungurian (279.3 – 272.3 Mya) Guadalupian (272.3 – 259.9 Mya): Roadian (272.3 – 268.8 Mya) · Wordian (268.8 – 265.1 Mya) · Capitanian (265.1 – 259.9 Mya) Lopingian (259.9 – 252.2 Mya): Wuchiapingian (259.9 – 254.2 Mya) · Changhsingian (254.2 – 252.2 Mya)

Mesozoic (252.2 – 66.0 Mya)

Triassic (252.2 – 201.3 Mya)	Lower Triassic (252.2 – 247.2 Mya): Induan (252.2 – 251.2 Mya) · Olenekian (251.2 – 247.2 Mya) Middle Triassic (247.2 – 235 Mya): Anisian (247.2 – 242 Mya) · Ladinian (242 – 235 Mya) Upper Triassic (235 – 201.3 Mya): Carnian (235 – 228 Mya) · Norian (228 – 208.5 Mya) · Rhaetian (208.5 – 201.3 Mya)

Jurassic (201.3 – 145.0 Mya)	Lower Jurassic (201.3 – 174.1 Mya): Hettangian (201.3 – 199.3 Mya) · Sinemurian (199.3 – 190.8 Mya) · Pliensbachian (190.8 – 182.7 Mya) · Toarcian (182.7 – 174.1 Mya) Middle Jurassic (174.1 – 163.5 Mya): Aalenian (174.1 – 170.3 Mya) · Bajocian (170.3 – 168.3 Mya) · Bathonian (168.3 – 166.1 Mya) · Callovian (166.1 – 163.5 Mya) Upper Jurassic (163.5 – 145.0 Mya): Oxfordian (163.5 – 157.3 Mya) · Kimmeridgian (157.3 – 152.1 Mya) · Tithonian (152.1 – 145.0 Mya)

Cretaceous (145.0 – 66.0 Mya)	Lower Cretaceous (145.0 – 100.5 Mya): Berriasian (145.0 – 139.8 Mya) · Valanginian (139.8 – 132.9 Mya) · Hauterivian (132.9 – 129.4 Mya) · Barremian (129.4 – 125.0 Mya) · Aptian (125.0 – 113.0 Mya) · Albian (113.0 – 100.5 Mya) Upper Cretaceous (100.5 – 66.0 Mya): Cenomanian (100.5 – 93.9 Mya) · Turonian (93.9 – 89.8 Mya) · Coniacian (89.8 – 86.3 Mya) · Santonian (86.3 – 83.6 Mya) · Campanian (83.6 – 72.1 Mya) · Maastrichtian (72.1 – 66.0 Mya)

Cenozoic (66.0 – 0 Mya)

Paleogene, Neogene and early Pleistocene comprise former Tertiary* (66.0 – 1.8 Mya) period. Gelasian and Calabrian comprise Early Pleistocene (2.588 Mya – 781 kya) subepoch.

Paleogene (66.0 – 23.03 Mya)	Paleocene (66.0 – 56.0 Mya): Danian (66.0 – 61.6 Mya) · Selandian (61.6 – 59.2 Mya) · Thanetian (59.2 – 56.0 Mya) Eocene (56.0 – 33.9 Mya): Ypresian (56.0 – 47.8 Mya) · Lutetian (47.8 – 41.3 Mya) · Bartonian (41.3 – 38.0 Mya) · Priabonian (38.0 – 33.9 Mya) Oligocene (33.9 – 23.03 Mya): Rupelian (33.9 – 28.1 Mya) · Chattian (28.1 – 23.03 Mya)

Neogene (23.03 – 2.588 Mya)	Miocene (23.03 – 5.333 Mya): Aquitanian (23.03 – 20.44 Mya) · Burdigalian (20.44 – 15.97 Mya) · Langhian (15.97 – 13.82 Mya) · Serravallian (13.82 – 11.62 Mya) · Tortonian (11.62 – 7.246 Mya) · Messinian (7.246 – 5.333 Mya) Pliocene (5.333 – 2.588 Mya): Piacenzian (5.333 – 3.600 Mya) · Zanclean (3.600 – 2.588 Mya)

Quaternary (2.588 – 0 Mya)	Pleistocene (2.588 Mya – 11.7 kya): Gelasian (2.588 – 1.806 Mya) · Calabrian (1.806 Mya – 781 kya) · Middle Pleistocene / Ionian (781 – 126 kya) · Late Pleistocene / Tarantian (126 – 11.7 kya): Oldest Dryas (18 – 14.67 kya) · Bølling* (14.67 – 14 kya) · Older Dryas* (14 – 13.7 kya) · Allerød* (13.7 – 12.8 kya) · Younger Dryas* (12.8 – 11.7 kya)* Holocene (11.7 – 0 kya): *Preboreal (11.7 – 9 kya)** · Boreal* (9 – 8 kya) · Atlantic* (8 – 5 kya) · Subboreal* (5 – 2.5 kya) · Subatlantic* (2.5 – 0 kya)

kya = thousands years ago. Mya = millions years ago. * Not officially recognized by the I.C.S.

Source: International Chronostratigraphic Chart (January 2013). International Commission on Stratigraphy. Retrieved 27 March 2013. Divisions of Geologic Time—Major Chronostratigraphic and Geochronologic Units USGS Retrieved 10 March 2013.

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