Principality of Piombino
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The Principality of Piombino was a state of Italy, which existed (initially as independent lordship) from 1399 to 1805, when Napoleon absorbed it into the Principality of Lucca and Piombino.
This state was in turn soon split, and Piombino in 1815 went to the Grand Duchy of Tuscany.
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[edit] History
The Principality of Lucca and Piombino was created in 1805 by Napoleon for his beloved sister Elisa Bonaparte and her husband Felice Pasquale Baciocchi. The State was the result of the annexation of ancient Principality of Piombino by the Republic of Lucca which was turned into a monarchy. The Constitution was written by Napoleon on June 22, establishing a Council of State helping the Princes, and a legislative Senate.
The Principality adopted the French Franc as currency, even if few special local coins were minted. On March 3, 1809, Elisa was created by his brother as Grand Duchess of all Tuscany in Florence, a region which had been annexed to France two years before. The Principality so became part of Tuscany and, consequently, of the French Empire, but under a special status: a prefect was appointed (Antoine-Marie-Pierre de Hautmesnil), but the territory was never named as a Department.
In 1814, Austrian Army occupied Lucca and gave Piombino to the Grand Duchy of Tuscany and Elba to exiled Napoleon. Lucca was restored as a separate State, and Congress of Vienna gave it to Maria Louisa of Bourbon.
[edit] List of rulers
[edit] Lords of Piombino - Appiani dynasty
- Gherardo 1399-1404
- Iacopo II 1404-1441
- Paola Appiani Colonna 1441-1445
- Rinaldo Orsini 1445-1450
- Caterina 1445-1451
- Emanuele 1451-1457
- Iacopo III 1457-1474
- Iacopo IV 1474-1511
- Iacopo V 1511-1545
- Iacopo VI 1545-1585
- Alessandro 1585-1589
[edit] Princes and princesses of Piombino
- Iacopo VII Appiani 1589-1603
- Rudolf of Habsburg[1] 1603-1611
- Isabella Appiani 1611-1628
- Philip of Habsburg[2]
- Niccolò I Ludovisi 1634-1664
- Giovan Battista Ludovisi 1664-1699
- Niccolò II Ludovisi[3] 1699-1700
- Olimpia Ludovisi 1700-1700
- Ippolita Ludovisi [4] 1701-1733
- Maria Eleonora I Boncompagni 1734-1745
- Gaetano I Boncompagni-Ludovisi 1745-1777
- Antonio I Boncompagni-Ludovisi 1778-1805[5]
- Elisa Baciocchi Bonaparte 1805-1808[6]
