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ProRes 422 is a standard-definition and high-definition lossy video compression format developed by Apple Inc. for use in post production. It was introduced in 2007 with Final Cut Studio 2 [1] and is comparable to Avid's DNxHD codec which has the same purpose and uses similar bit rates. Both are DCT based[2] intra-frame-only codecs, and are therefore simpler to decode than distribution oriented formats like H.264.
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[edit] Key features
- Full-width 1920x1080 and 1280x720
- 4:2:2 chroma sampling
- 10-bit sample depth
- I frame-only encoding
- Variable bit-rate (VBR) encoding
- Normal 147 Mbit/s and High-Quality 220 Mbit/s for HD resolution at 60i
- Normal 42 Mbit/s and High-Quality 63 Mbit/s for SD resolution at 29.97
- Fast encoding and decoding (both at full size and half size)
[edit] Intermediate codecs
ProRes is an intermediate codec, which means it is intended for use during video editing, and not intended for practical or end-user viewing. The benefit of an intermediate codec is that it retains higher quality than end-user codecs while still requiring much less expensive disk systems compared to uncompressed video.
Other intermediate codecs include those made by CineForm and Avid.
[edit] Playback
On 28 August 2008, Apple introduced a free ProRes QuickTime Decoder for both Mac and Windows that allows playback of ProRes files through QuickTime.
On 15 September 2011, FFmpeg introduced a free decoder for ProRes 422 for libavcodec. An encoder was released on 29 October 2011.
[edit] Encoding
Installing Final Cut Pro will install the ProRes codecs for encoding your own files on OSX. A free codec for encoding is not currently available for Windows based system.
At the April 2010 NAB show, DVS Digital Video Inc. launched the first Windows 7 platform with the ability to encode to all the varieties of Apple ProRes at speeds far faster than real time on their Clipster product.
On March 31, 2011, Telestream added support for ProRes encoding on Windows systems with Episode Engine, Vantage, and FlipFactory as a free upgrade to the current versions of these products. The system must be running on Windows Server 2008 and be able to support this feature. ProRes video capturing and output to tape is available in Telestream's Pipeline network encoder.
As of June 2011, several hardware-based ProRes encoders exist, from AJA (IO HD FireWire 800 interface; Ki Pro and Ki Pro Mini portable recorders), Atomos (Ninja and Samurai recorders), Sound Devices (PIX series recorders), and Fast Forward Video (Sidekick recorder].
[edit] See also
[edit] References
- ^ Final Cut Pro 6 - Broad Format Support.
- ^ Adcock, Gary (2009-03-03). "ProRes: A Closer Look". ProVideo Coalition. http://provideocoalition.com/index.php/apple/story/prores_a_closer_look/. Retrieved 2009-03-12.
[edit] External links
- ProRes white paper incl. tech specs of new ProRes formats (July 2009)
- Final Cut Studio site at Apple.com
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