Protected areas of China

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This article lists the nationally protected areas of China. There are many forms of protected areas in China. Based on their relative importance, each type of protected area can be further graded into two to three levels (national, provincial and prefectural/county level). Nevertheless, the highest rank for "pocket nature reserve" (social and mass-based), "no-hunting area", "no-fishing area", "no-logging area", "wild medicinal material resources conservation area", "crop germplasm resources conservation area", "forest tree germplasm resources conservation area" or "source water protection area" is practically restricted to provincial level. The local government at county level is also responsible for the delimitation and declaration of "basic farmland protection area" and "basic grassland". Qinling National Botanical Garden, said to be the world's largest (458 km²), is still under construction.

Take note that many protected areas in China have multiple official designations, and the statutory boundaries of these multi-designated PAs may be identical or varied.

For instance, the boundaries of Huangshan NP are coincided with those of the Huangshan NGP, whereas the Wuyi Mountains' NNR, NP and NFP in Fujian are adjacent to each other, and 27,642.14 hectares out of 115,340.27 hectares of Heilongjiang's Huzhong NFP are intersected with the experiment zone of Huzhong NNR.

Contents

[edit] National Nature Reserves of China

  • Ratified by: State Council
  • Number of NNRs (unit): 363 (as at January 21, 2012)
  • Area of NNRs (10,000 ha): 9,267.56 (as of 2010)
  • Total Number of NRs (unit): 2,588 (as of 2010)
  • Area of NRs (10,000 ha): 14,944 (as of 2010)
  • Percentage of Terrestrial NR in the Land Area (%): 14.9 (as of 2010)

[edit] National Parks of China

  • Ratified by: State Council
  • Number of NPs (unit): 208 (as at December 28, 2009)
  • Total Number of Parks (national + provincial) (unit): 906 (as of 2009)
  • Area of Parks (national + provincial) (10,000 km²): 18.54 (as of 2008)
  • Percentage of Parks (national + provincial) in the Land Area (%): 1.89 (as of 2008)

[edit] "National Park" (at ministry level)

[edit] National Typical Earthquake Sites of China

  • Yunnan
    • Site of Large Earthquake-formed "Heavenly Pit" at Hongshi Cliff, Yongsheng ("Heavenly Pit": a massive sinkhole)

†: The official name is yet to be verified.

[edit] National Geoparks of China

†: From May 23, 2009 onwards, the approval process for awarding the NGP qualifications and naming the NGPs are treated separately by the Ministry, and as such the NGPs created thereafter are all technically the “quasi-national geoparks”. Each NGP-qualified unit is required to complete a site construction within the three-year time limit before gaining formal status as a NGP.

[edit] National Mining Parks of China

[edit] State Key Protected Wetlands of China

Note: Most of the wetlands in the List of state key protected wetlands were eventually incorporated into the “China List of Wetlands of National Importance” on November 8, 2000. The latter, consisting of 173 sites in total, should be seen as merely a title given to an area instead of a protected area designated for management purposes.

[edit] National Forest Parks of China

[edit] National Thematic Gardens of China

[edit] State Key Parks of China

[edit] National Urban Wetland Parks of China

[edit] National Wetland Parks of China

[edit] National Water Parks of China

[edit] National Soil Erosion Prevention and Control Areas of China

  • Key Preventive Protection Areas
    • Greater Hinggan Ranges (Heilongjiang, Inner Mongolia)
    • Hulun Buir (Inner Mongolia)
    • Changbai Mountains (Jilin)
    • River Luanhe (Beijing, Hebei)
    • Heihe River Oasis (Gansu, Qinghai, Inner Mongolia)
    • Tarim River Oasis (Xinjiang)
    • Ziwu Ranges (Shaanxi, Gansu)
    • Liupan Mountains (Shaanxi, Gansu, Ningxia)
    • Source Areas of Yangtze, Yellow and Lancang Rivers (Qinghai, Gansu)
    • Upstream Area of Jinsha River (Sichuan)
    • Upstream Area of River Minjiang (Qinghai, Sichuan)
    • Upstream Area of River Hanjiang (Hubei, Shaanxi)
    • Tongbai and Dabie Mountains (Anhui, Hubei, Henan)
    • Xin'an River (Anhui, Zhejiang)
    • Upstream Areas of Xiangjiang, Zishui and Yuanjiang Rivers (Guangxi, Guizhou, Hunan, Chongqing)
    • Upstream Area of River Dongjiang (Guangdong, Jiangxi)
  • Key Surveillance Areas
    • Liaoning Metallurgical and Coal Mining Exploitation Area
    • Coal Exploitation Area Bordering Shanxi, Shaanxi and Inner Mongolia
    • Oil and Natural Gas Exploitation Area Bordering Shaanxi, Gansu, Ningxia and Inner Mongolia
    • Nonferrous Metal Exploitation Area Bordering Henan, Shaanxi and Shanxi
    • Southeast Coastal Development Area (Zhejiang, Fujian, Guangdong)
    • Xinjiang Oil and Natural Gas Exploitation Area
    • Three Gorges Reservoir Area (Hubei, Chongqing)
  • Key Rehabilitation Areas
    • Black Soil Area of Northeast China (Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Inner Mongolia)
    • Mid and Up-stream Areas of Xi Liaohe and Daling Rivers (Inner Mongolia, Liaoning)
    • Yongding River (Beijing, Hebei, Shanxi)
    • Taihang Mountains (Hebei, Shanxi)
    • Sediment-laden and Coarse Sand Producing Area between Hekou and Longmen of Midstream Yellow River (Inner Mongolia, Shanxi, Shaanxi)
    • Upstream Areas of Jinghe and Bei Luohe Rivers (Gansu, Shaanxi, Ningxia)
    • Upstream Areas of Zuli and Weihe Rivers (Gansu, Ningxia)
    • Mid and Down-Stream Areas of Huangshui and Taohe Rivers (Gansu, Qinghai)
    • River Yihe, River Luohe and Sanmenxia Reservoir Area (Henan, Shanxi)
    • Yimeng Mountains (Shandong)
    • Up and Mid-stream Area of Jialing River (Gansu, Shaanxi, Sichuan)
    • Danjiang Estuary Water Source Area (Henan, Hubei, Chongqing, Shaanxi)
    • Three Gorges Reservoir Area (Hubei, Chongqing)
    • Downstream Area of Jinsha River (Sichuan, Yunnan)
    • Up and Mid-stream Areas of Wujiang and Chishui Rivers (Guizhou, Sichuan, Chongqing)
    • Midstream Areas of Xiangjiang, Zishui, Yuanjiang and Lishui Rivers (Hunan)
    • Upstream Area of River Ganjiang (Jiangxi)
    • Pearl River and Nan & Bei Panjiang Rivers (Guangxi, Guizhou, Yunnan)
    • Up and Mid-stream Area of River Honghe (Yunnan)

[edit] National Non-Commercial Forests of China

  • Ratified by: State Council
  • Total Number of NNCFs (unit): TBC
  • Total Number of NCFs (unit): TBC

[edit] State Key Ecologically Functional Areas of China

  • Water Source Conservation
    • Greater and Lesser Hinggan Ranges Ecologically Functional Area for Forests (Inner Mongolia, Heilongjiang)
    • Changbai Mountains Ecologically Functional Area for Forests (Jilin, Heilongjiang)
    • Altai Mountains Ecologically Functional Area for Forests and Steppes (Xinjiang)
    • Sanjiangyuan Ecologically Functional Area for Grasslands, Meadows and Wetlands (Qinghai)
    • Zoigê Grassland Ecologically Functional Area for Grasslands and Wetlands (Sichuan)
    • Important Source-recharge Ecologically Functional Area of Yellow River in Gannan (Gansu)
    • Qilian Mountains Glacier and Water Conservation Ecologically Functional Area (Gansu, Qinghai)
    • Nanling Mountains Forest and Biodiversity Ecologically Functional Area (Jiangxi, Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi)
  • Soil and Water Conservation
    • Ecologically Functional Area for the Soil and Water Conservation of Hills and Gullies along and in the Loess Plateau (Shanxi, Shaanxi, Gansu, Ningxia)
    • Dabie Mountains Soil and Water Conservation Ecologically Functional Area (Anhui, Henan, Hubei)
    • Ecologically Functional Area for the Prevention and Control of Rock Desertification of Karsts in Guangxi, Guizhou and Yunnan
    • Three Gorges Reservoire Region Soil and Water Conservation Ecologically Functional Area (Hubei, Chongqing)
  • Wind-breaking and Sand-fixation
    • Tarim River Desertification Prevention and Control Ecologically Functional Area (Xinjiang)
    • Altun Steppes Desertification Prevention and Control Ecologically Functional Area (Xinjiang)
    • Hulun Buir Steppe Ecologically Functional Area for Grasslands and Meadows (Inner Mongolia)
    • Horqin Steppe Ecolocally Functional Area (Inner Mongolia, Jilin)
    • Onqindaga Desertification Prevention Ecologically Functional Area (Hebei, Inner Mongolia)
    • Grassland Ecologically Functional Area in Northern Foothills of Mount Yinshan (Inner Mongolia)
  • Biodiversity Maintenance
    • Sichuan-Yunnan Forest and Biodiversity Ecologically Functional Area
    • Qinling-Daba Mountains Biodiversity Ecologically Functional Area (Hubei, Chongqing, Sichuan, Shaanxi, Gansu)
    • Plateau Marginal Forest Ecologically Functional Area in Sortheastern Tibet
    • Plateau-Desert Ecologically Functional Area in Qangtang of Northwestern Tibet
    • Sanjiang Plain Ecologically Functional Area for Wetlands (Heilongjiang)
    • Wuling Mountains Region Biodiversity and Soil & Water Conservation Ecologically Functional Area (Hubei, Hunan, Chongqing)
    • Tropical Rainforest Ecologically Functional Area in Central Mountainous Region of Hainan Island

[edit] National Special Marine Protected Areas (National Marine Parks) of China

  • Ratified by: State Oceanic Administration
  • Number of NSMPAs (unit): 28 (incl. 7 NMPs, as of 2011)
  • Total Number of SMPAs (unit): 37 (as of 2008)

†: According to the data provided by the SOA, “Liugongdao Ocean Ecosystem National Special Marine Protected Area” and “Liugongdao National Marine Park” of Weihai are listed separately.

[edit] National Aquatic Germplasm Resources Conservation Areas of China

  • Hebei
    • Fuping Chinese Soft-shelled Turtle National Aquatic Germplasm Resources Conservation Area [Pelodiscus sinensis]
    • Hengshuihu National Aquatic Germplasm Resources Conservation Area
    • Baiyangdian National Aquatic Germplasm Resources Conservation Area
    • Qinhuangdao Waters National Aquatic Germplasm Resources Conservation Area
    • Changli Waters National Aquatic Germplasm Resources Conservation Area
    • Nandaihe Waters National Aquatic Germplasm Resources Conservation Area
    • Nandagang National Aquatic Germplasm Resources Conservation Area
    • Luanhe Endemic Fishes National Aquatic Germplasm Resources Conservation Area
    • Liuhe Endemic Fishes National Aquatic Germplasm Resources Conservation Area
    • Baipohu Endemic Fishes National Aquatic Germplasm Resources Conservation Area
    • Shazhanghe Redfin Culter and Oriental River Prawn Endemic Fishes National Aquatic Germplasm Resources Conservation Area [Chanodichthys erythropterus]-[Macrobrachium nipponense]
    • Yongnianwa Asian Swamp Eel and Pond Loach National Aquatic Germplasm Resources Conservation Area [Monopterus albus]-[Misgurnus anguillicaudatus]
  • Hainan
    • Xisha Dongdao Waters National Aquatic Germplasm Resources Conservation Area
    • Wanquanhe National Aquatic Germplasm Resources Conservation Area
  • Guizhou
    • Jinjianghe Endemic Fishes National Aquatic Germplasm Resources Conservation Area
    • Mengjiang Bawanghe Endemic Fishes National Aquatic Germplasm Resources Conservation Area
    • Taipinghe Minxiaohe Endemic Fishes National Aquatic Germplasm Resources Conservation Area
  • Tibet
    • Pagsumco Endemic Fishes National Aquatic Germplasm Resources Conservation Area
  • Gansu
    • Huanghe Liujiaxia Silurus lanzhouensis National Aquatic Germplasm Resources Conservation Area
    • Endemic Fishes National Aquatic Germplasm Resources Conservation Area at Upper Yellow River [trans-provincial NAGRCA, shared with Sichuan and Qinghai]
    • Baishuijiang Schizothorax waltoni National Aquatic Germplasm Resources Conservation Area
    • Taohe Wide-tooth Schizothoracin National Aquatic Germplasm Resources Conservation Area [Platypharodon extremus]
    • Daxiahe Yellow River Schizothoracin National Aquatic Germplasm Resources Conservation Area [Schizopygopsis pylzovi]
    • Yongninghe Endemic Fishes National Aquatic Germplasm Resources Conservation Area
    • Bailongjiang Endemic Fishes National Aquatic Germplasm Resources Conservation Area
    • Taohe Endemic Fishes National Aquatic Germplasm Resources Conservation Area
    • Huanghe Heishanxia Section National Aquatic Germplasm Resources Conservation Area
    • Shulehe Endemic Fishes National Aquatic Germplasm Resources Conservation Area
    • Taohe Dingxi Endemic Fishes National Aquatic Germplasm Resources Conservation Area
    • Endemic Fishes National Aquatic Germplasm Resources Conservation Area at Jingtai Section of Yellow River
    • Endemic Fishes National Aquatic Germplasm Resources Conservation Area at Liangdang Section of Jialing River
    • Yemuhe Yangshahe Endemic Fishes National Aquatic Germplasm Resources Conservation Area
  • Xinjiang
    • Kanas Hu Endemic Fishes National Aquatic Germplasm Resources Conservation Area
    • Yarkant He Endemic Fishes National Aquatic Germplasm Resources Conservation Area
    • Ebi Hu Endemic Fishes National Aquatic Germplasm Resources Conservation Area
    • Ulungur Hu Endemic Fishes National Aquatic Germplasm Resources Conservation Area
    • Küirti He Arctic Grayling National Aquatic Germplasm Resources Conservation Area [Thymallus arcticus]
    • Bosten Hu National Aquatic Germplasm Resources Conservation Area

[edit] National Domestic Animal Genetic Resources Conservation Areas of China

  • Jiangsu
    • National Hu Sheep Genetic Resources Conservation Area (Wuzhong District, Suzhou City)
    • National Taihu Pig (Erhualian) Genetic Resources Conservation Area (Wujin District, Changzhou City)
  • Zhejiang
    • National Hu Sheep Genetic Resources Conservation Area (Wuxing District, Huzhou City)
  • Yunnan
    • National Tibetan Pig Genetic Resources Conservation Area (Xamgyi'nyilha County)
  • Tibet
    • National Tibetan Pig Genetic Resources Conservation Area (Gongbo'gyamda County)
  • Xinjiang
    • National Hotan Sheep Genetic Resources Conservation Area (Qira County/Yutian County/Lop County)
    • National Xinjiang Donkey Genetic Resources Conservation Area (Qira County)

[edit] See also

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