Psilocybe subaeruginosa
| Psilocybe subaeruginosa | |
|---|---|
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| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Basidiomycota |
| Class: | Agaricomycetes |
| Order: | Agaricales |
| Family: | Strophariaceae |
| Genus: | Psilocybe |
| Species: | P. subaeruginosa |
| Binomial name | |
| Psilocybe subaeruginosa Cleland |
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| Psilocybe subaeruginosa | |
|---|---|
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gills on hymenium |
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cap is conical or convex |
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hymenium is adnate or adnexed |
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stipe is bare |
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spore print is purple-brown |
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ecology is saprotrophic |
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edibility: psychoactive |
Psilocybe subaeruginosa is a psychedelic mushroom of Australasia, which has psilocybin and psilocin as main active compounds.
First reported in 1927,[1] it is placed in the section Cyanescens, which includes Psilocybe cyanescens and Psilocybe maire.
Studies of comparative morphology, isozyme analysis and mating compatibility approaches have showed that P. australiana, P. eucalypta and P. tasmania are synonyms of this species.[2]
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[edit] Description
- The cap is 1-6 cm in diameter, conical to convex, tan brown, hygrophanous, margin striate when moist, uplifting in age, and often with a slight umbo. It bruises bluish where damaged.
- The gills are crowded, cream color when young, violet brown in age, with adnate to adnexed attachment.
- The spores are dark violet brown, subellipsoid, and 14 x 7 µm.
- The stipe is 4.5 to 12 cm long, 0.2 to 0.4 cm thick, white, finely striate, and equal to slightly enlarged near the base. A white cortinate partial veil soon disappears and often leaves traces in the upper stem.
- The taste and odor are farinaceous.
[edit] Distribution and habitat
Psilocybe subaeruginosa grows in clusters in wood chips, piles of leaves and woody debris in urban areas, and along trails and roads in deciduous forests and gardens. It is common in Tasmania and Southern Victoria; it is one of the more common Psilocybe mushrooms found in and around New Zealand.
[edit] Alkaloid content
Psilocybin has been isolated from this species in 0.45% yield.[3] In the same study, Psilocin was not detectable with the analytical methods used (chromatographic separation and UV spectroscopy), and was estimated to be present at less than 1% of the psilocybin content.
[edit] Gallery
All of the images below are of P. subaeruginosa.
[edit] References
- ^ Cleland J, Burton J. (1927). "Australian fungi: notes and descriptions—No. 6". Transactions and Proceedings of the Royal Society of South Australia 51: 298–306.
- ^ Chang YS, Mills AK. (1992). "Reexamination of Psilocybe subaeruginosa and related species with comparative morphology, isozymes and mating compatibility studies". Mycological Research 96 (6): 429–441. doi:10.1016/S0953-7562(09)81087-3.
- ^ Picker J, Richards RW. (1970). "Occurrence of psychomimetic agent psilocybin in an Australian agaric, Psilocybe subaeruginosa". Australian Journal of Chemistry 23 (4): 853–856. doi:10.1071/CH9700853.
- Johnston PR, Buchanan PK. (1995). "The genus Psilocybe (Agaricales) in New Zealand". New Zealand Journal of Botany 33 (3): 379–388. doi:10.1080/0028825X.1995.10412964.
- Stamets, Paul (1996). Psilocybin Mushrooms of the World. Berkeley: Ten Speed Press. ISBN 0-9610798-0-0.
