Hypersalivation
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from Ptyalism)
| Hypersalivation | |
|---|---|
| Classification and external resources | |
| DiseasesDB | 20764 |
| MedlinePlus | 003048 |
| eMedicine | ent/629 |
| MeSH | D012798 |
Hypersalivation (also called ptyalism[1] and sialorrhea[2] ) is excessive production of saliva. It has also been defined as increased amount of saliva in the mouth, which may also be caused by decreased clearance of saliva.[3]
Hypersalivation can contribute to drooling if there's inability to keep the mouth closed or in difficulty in swallowing the excess saliva.
Contents |
[edit] Causes
[edit] Excessive production
Conditions that can cause saliva overproduction include:[3]
- Pregnancy
- Excessive starch intake
- Gastroesophageal reflux disease, in such cases specifically called a water brash, and is characterized by a sour fluid or almost tasteless saliva in the mouth[4]
- Pancreatitis
- Liver disease
- Serotonin syndrome
- Mouth ulcers
- Oral infections
- Schizophrenia
Medications that can cause overproduction of saliva include:[3]
- clozapine
- pilocarpine
- ketamine
- potassium chlorate
- risperidone
Toxins that can cause hypersalivation include:[3]
- mercury
- copper
- organophosphates
- arsenic
[edit] Decreased clearance
Causes of decreased clearance of saliva include:[3]
- Infections such as tonsillitis, retropharyngeal and peritonsillar abscesses, epiglottitis and mumps.
- Problems with the jaw, e.g. fracture or dislocation
- Radiation therapy
- Neurologic disorders such as myasthenia gravis, Parkinson's disease, rabies, bulbar paralysis, bilateral facial nerve palsy and hypoglossal nerve palsy.
[edit] Treatment
Hypersalivation is optimally treated by treating or avoiding the underlying cause.[3] Mouthwash and tooth brushing may have significantly drying effects.[3]
[edit] References
- ^ thefreedictionary.com > ptyalism Citing:
- Dorland's Medical Dictionary for Health Consumers. 2007
- Mosby's Medical Dictionary, 8th edition. 2009
- Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary, 3 ed. 2007
- ^ thefreedictionary.com > sialorrhea Citing:
- The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition, Updated in 2009.
- ^ a b c d e f g Medscape > Hypersalivation By Erica Brownfield. Posted: 05/19/2004
- ^ thefreedictionary.com > water brash Citing: Dorland's Medical Dictionary for Health Consumers. 2007
