Puirt a beul
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Puirt a beul (Scottish Gaelic: puirt à beul, pronounced [pʰurˠʃtʲ a pialˠ̪], literally "tunes from a mouth") is a traditional form of song native to Scotland, Ireland, and Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia.
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[edit] Name
The Scottish Gaelic for such a tune is port à beul [1] "a tune from a mouth" which in the plural becomes puirt à beul. In mainland Britain they are usually referred to as puirt a beul but a variety of other spellings and mis-spellings also exist, for example port-a-beul, puirt a bheul, puirt a' bhéil etc. These are mostly due to the fact that a number of grammatical particles in Gaelic are very similar in nature, such as the definite article a', the prepositions "of" and to" which can both be a and the preposition á "from" which can appear without the acute accent.[citation needed]
Modern Irish dictionaries give port(aireacht) béil [2], translated as "mouth music" also referred to as lilting. Older dictionaries, such as Dineen, only give portaiḋeaċt, portaireaċt or portonaċt.[3].
[edit] Characteristics
Usually, the genre involves a single performer singing lighthearted, often bawdy lyrics, although these are sometimes replaced with meaningless vocables.
In puirt a beul, the rhythm and sound of the song often have more importance than the depth or even sense of the lyrics. Puirt à beul in this way resembles other song forms like scat singing. Normally, puirt are sung to a 4/4 or 6/8 beat. Performances today may highlight the vocal dexterity by one or two singers, although four-person performances are sometimes made at mods.
Some elements of puirt a beul may have originated as memory aids or as alternatives to instrumental forms such as bagpipe music.
- We also have puirt a beul or mouth music - songs in which the rhythm of the words is meant to replicate the rhythm of certain dance tunes. Some of these songs may have been composed to assist fiddlers, and occasionally pipers, in learning a tune. Others may have been composed as a means of remembering tunes when the playing of the bagpipes or fiddle were proscribed or frowned upon.[4]
A well known example of puirt a beul is "Brocan Lom", which is sung in the film Whisky Galore!, and occurs as background music in the film The Bridal Path. [1]
[edit] Mouth music in the Americas
When they came across the ocean the ancestors of modern Scottish Americans brought their music with them, including mouth music, which was often incorporated into the lyrics of songs. It became an integral part of Appalachian music, roots music, and bluegrass, from whence it spread into many forms of American music.[citation needed] Its lasting influence can be seen in scat singing, a jazz technique where vocalists "play" melodies without words, and in modern beatboxing, a form of vocal percussion that is associated with modern hip hop music.[citation needed]
