QPCT

Glutaminyl-peptide cyclotransferase
	; PDB rendering based on 2afm.
Available structures
PDB	Ortholog search: PDBe, RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	1MOI, 2AFM, 2AFO, 2AFS, 2AFU, 2AFW, 2AFX, 2AFZ, 2ZED, 2ZEE, 2ZEF, 2ZEG, 2ZEH, 2ZEL, 2ZEM, 2ZEN, 2ZEO, 2ZEP, 3PBB, 3PBE
Identifiers
Symbols	QPCT; GCT; QC; sQC
External IDs	OMIM: 607065 MGI: 1917786 HomoloGene: 8238 GeneCards: QPCT Gene
EC number	2.3.2.5
Gene Ontology
Molecular function	• peptidase activity; • zinc ion binding; • glutaminyl-peptide cyclotransferase activity; • transferase activity, transferring acyl groups; • metal ion binding;
Cellular component	• extracellular region;
Biological process	• protein modification process; • proteolysis; • peptidyl-pyroglutamic acid biosynthetic process, using glutaminyl-peptide cyclotransferase;
	Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
	More reference expression data
Orthologs
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Glutaminyl-peptide cyclotransferase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the QPCT gene.^[1]^[2]

This gene encodes human pituitary glutaminyl cyclase, which is responsible for the presence of pyroglutamyl residues in many neuroendocrine peptides. The amino acid sequence of this enzyme is 86% identical to that of bovine glutaminyl cyclase.^[2]

[edit] References

^ Song I, Chuang CZ, Bateman RC Jr (Jan 1995). "Molecular cloning, sequence analysis and expression of human pituitary glutaminyl cyclase". J Mol Endocrinol 13 (1): 77–86. doi:10.1677/jme.0.0130077. PMID 7999256.
^ ^a ^b "Entrez Gene: QPCT glutaminyl-peptide cyclotransferase (glutaminyl cyclase)". http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=25797.

[edit] Further reading

Busby WH, Quackenbush GE, Humm J, et al. (1987). "An enzyme(s) that converts glutaminyl-peptides into pyroglutamyl-peptides. Presence in pituitary, brain, adrenal medulla, and lymphocytes". J. Biol. Chem. 262 (18): 8532–6. PMID 3597387.
Bateman RC, Temple JS, Misquitta SA, Booth RE (2001). "Evidence for essential histidines in human pituitary glutaminyl cyclase". Biochemistry 40 (37): 11246–50. doi:10.1021/bi011177o. PMID 11551224.
Schilling S, Hoffmann T, Rosche F, et al. (2002). "Heterologous expression and characterization of human glutaminyl cyclase: evidence for a disulfide bond with importance for catalytic activity". Biochemistry 41 (35): 10849–57. doi:10.1021/bi0260381. PMID 12196024.
Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=139241.
Schilling S, Niestroj AJ, Rahfeld JU, et al. (2004). "Identification of human glutaminyl cyclase as a metalloenzyme. Potent inhibition by imidazole derivatives and heterocyclic chelators". J. Biol. Chem. 278 (50): 49773–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.M309077200. PMID 14522962.
Booth RE, Misquitta SA, Bateman RC (2004). "Human pituitary glutaminyl cyclase: expression in insect cells and dye affinity purification". Protein Expr. Purif. 32 (1): 141–6. doi:10.1016/S1046-5928(03)00226-2. PMID 14680951.
Ezura Y, Kajita M, Ishida R, et al. (2005). "Association of multiple nucleotide variations in the pituitary glutaminyl cyclase gene (QPCT) with low radial BMD in adult women". J. Bone Miner. Res. 19 (8): 1296–301. doi:10.1359/JBMR.040324. PMID 15231017.
Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The Status, Quality, and Expansion of the NIH Full-Length cDNA Project: The Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=528928.
Huang KF, Liu YL, Cheng WJ, et al. (2005). "Crystal structures of human glutaminyl cyclase, an enzyme responsible for protein N-terminal pyroglutamate formation". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 102 (37): 13117–22. doi:10.1073/pnas.0504184102. PMC 1201592. PMID 16135565. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1201592.
Huang QY, Kung AW (2007). "The association of common polymorphisms in the QPCT gene with bone mineral density in the Chinese population". J. Hum. Genet. 52 (9): 757–62. doi:10.1007/s10038-007-0178-6. PMID 17687619.