Kapiʻolani
| Kapiʻolani | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Queen of the Hawaiian Islands | |||||
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| Tenure | February 12, 1874 – January 20, 1891 | ||||
| Coronation | February 12, 1883, ʻIolani Palace[1][2] | ||||
| Born | December 31, 1834 Hilo, Hawaiʻi | ||||
| Died | June 24, 1899 (aged 64) Waikīkī, Hawaiʻi | ||||
| Burial | July 2, 1899[3] | ||||
| Spouse | Benjamin Nāmākēhā Kalākaua | ||||
| |||||
| House | House of Kalākaua | ||||
| Father | Kūhiō Kalanianaʻole | ||||
| Mother | Kinoiki Kekaulike | ||||
| Religion | Church of Hawaii[4][5] | ||||
| Signature |  | ||||
Queen Kapiʻolani (1834–1899) was married to King Kalākaua and reigned as Queen Consort of the Kingdom of Hawaiʻi. Her full name was Kapiʻolani Napelakapuokakaʻe.[6][7]
Life
Kapiʻolani was born December 31, 1834 in Hilo on Hawaiʻi Island to High Chief Kuhio Kalanianaʻole of Hilo and High Chiefess Kinoiki Kekaulike of Kauaʻi, the daughter of King Kaumualiʻi, last King of an independent Kauaʻi before its amicable cession to Kamehameha the Great. She was named Kapiʻolani, after her great-aunt High Chiefess Kapiʻolani, who defied the goddess Pele in the name of Christianity.[4][8] Her name, Kapiʻolani, is composed of three words (ka pi'o lani) and means "The Heavenly Arch" or "The Royal Arch"[9]
Kapiolani's first marriage was to High Chief Bennett Nāmākēhā, who was more than thirty years older than Kapiʻolani. He was an uncle of Queen Emma on her father George Naʻea's side. This made her aunt by marriage to Queen Emma, who she served as her highest lady-in-waiting.[10] Kapiʻolani was the caretaker of Haku O Hawaiʻi, Prince Albert Kamehameha. Although it had been said that Queen Emma blamed Kapiolani for the child's death as he was under Kapiolani's care at the time, Queen Emma wrote Kapiolani a very kind reply in March 1863 to her letter, "Dear Kapi'olani, my companion in the caring of my son. You were my son's favorite, your chest must be filled with hurt. You were our third companion... ."[11][12]
On December 8, 1863, Kapiʻolani remarried to Kalākaua in a quiet ceremony conducted by an Episcopal minister. Their wedding was heavily criticized since it fell during the time of mourning for King Kamehameha IV.[4][13] She and Kalākaua were childless so she and her sister Poʻomaikelani adopted, in the tradition of hānai, their sister Victoria Kinoiki Kekaulike's three sons. Kapiʻolani took David Kawānanakoa and Jonah Kūhiō Kalanianaʻole and Poʻomaikelani adopted Edward Abnel Keliʻiahonui.[14] In 1883, Kalākaua made Kapiolani's nephews princes of Hawaii with the style of Highness in honor of his coronation.[15][16]
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In 1887, Queen Kapiʻolani traveled to London to attend Queen Victoria's 50th Jubilee celebration. Crown Princess Liliʻuokalani, King Kalākaua's sister, traveled with Kapiʻolani as her interpreter since though Kapiʻolani was brought up understanding English, she refused to speak anything but Hawaiian. The Hawaiian Royal family were treated as dignitaries, and were seated with the British Royal family in the front of Westminster Abbey.[17]
Queen Kapiʻolani established the Kapiʻolani Maternity Home, where Hawaiian mothers could receive care, as well as their newborn babies. It survives today as the Kapiʻolani Medical Center. Kapiʻolani Park in Waikīkī was named after the Queen by her husband Kalākaua. One of her noted compositions to Hawaiian music was a love song she wrote for her husband, Ka Ipo Lei Manu. Kalākaua died in San Francisco before he could hear the musical composition from his Queen.[citation needed]
Death
After the overthrow of the Kingdom of Hawai`i and her eviction from ʻIolani Palace, Queen Kapiʻolani retired to her private residence Pualeilani in Waikīkī, dying there June 24, 1899 at age sixty-four.[citation needed][13] She was interred in the Royal Mausoleum of Hawaii along with her husband and the rest of the House of Kalākaua.[18]
See also
References
- ^ Liliuokalani 1898, pp. 100–105.
- ^ Bailey 1975, pp. 291–293.
- ^ Roger G. Rose, Sheila Conant and Eric P. Kjellgren. "Journal of the Polynesian Society". Polynesian Society. pp. 273–304. Retrieved 2011-09-18.
{{cite web}}:|chapter=ignored (help) - ^ a b c Allen 1995, p. 33.
- ^ Zambucka 2003, pp. 17–18.
- ^ Reed 1962, p. 1.
- ^ Some later sources call her Julia Kapiʻolani (Bailey 1975, p. 267; Kamae 1980, p. 39; Allen 1995, p. 33; Kanahele 1999, p. 130).
- ^ Liliuokalani 1898, p. 72.
- ^ Finding Fine Heart[permanent dead link]
- ^ Kanahele 1999, pp. 130–131.
- ^ Kanahele 1999, p. 169.
- ^ Liliuokalani 1898, p. 50.
- ^ a b Peterson 1984, p. 204.
- ^ Webb & Webb 1962, p. 25.
- ^ Kamae 1980, pp. 53–54.
- ^ Honolulu Almanac and Directory. 1884. p. 18.
- ^ Liliuokalani 1898, pp. 142–145.
- ^ Parker 2008, pp. 30–31.
Bibliography
- Allen, Helena G. (1995). Kalakaua: Renaissance King. Honolulu: Mutual Publishing. ISBN 978-1-56647-059-9.
{{cite book}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help) - Bailey, Paul (1975). Those Kings and Queens of Old Hawaii: A Mele to Their Memory. Los Angeles: Westernlore Books.
{{cite book}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help) - Kamae, Lori (1980). The Empty Throne. Honolulu: Topgallant Publishing Co. ISBN 978-0-914916-44-4.
{{cite book}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help) - Kanahele, George S. (1999). Emma: Hawaii's Remarkable Queen. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. ISBN 0-8248-2240-4.
{{cite book}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help) - Kuykendall, Ralph Simpson (1967). Hawaiian Kingdom 1778–1854, The Kalakaua Dynasty. Vol. 3. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. ISBN 978-0-87022-433-1.
{{cite book}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help) - Liliuokalani (1898). Hawaii's Story by Hawaii's Queen, Liliuokalani. Boston: Lee and Shepard. ISBN 978-0-548-22265-2.
{{cite book}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help) - Parker, David Paul (2008). "Crypts of the Ali`i The Last Refuge of the Hawaiian Royalty". Tales of Our Hawaiʻi (PDF). Honolulu: Alu Like, Inc.
{{cite book}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help) - Peterson, Barbara Bennett (1984). Notable Women of Hawaii. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. ISBN 0-8248-0820-7.
{{cite book}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help) - Reed, Frances (1962). Prince Jonah Kuhio Kalanianaole, 1871-1922. Hilo: Hawaii County Library.
{{cite book}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help) - Webb, Nancy; Webb, Jean Francis (1962). Kaiulani: Crown Princess of Hawaii. New York City: Viking Press.
{{cite book}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help) - Zambucka, Kristin (2003). Kalakaua: Hawaii's Last King. Honolulu: Mana Pub. Co. ISBN 978-0-931897-04-7.
{{cite book}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help)
| International | |
|---|---|
| National | |
| Artists | |
| Other | |
- 1834 births
- 1899 deaths
- Hawaiian queens consort
- House of Kalākaua
- Hawaiian royal consorts
- Hawaiian ladies-in-waiting
- Burials at the Royal Mausoleum of Hawaii
- People from Hilo, Hawaii
- Recipients of the Royal Order of Kamehameha I
- Recipients of the Royal Order of Kalākaua
- Recipients of the Royal Order of Kapiolani
- Recipients of the Royal Order of the Crown of Hawaii
- Grand Cordons of the Order of the Precious Crown