Râmnicu Vâlcea
| Râmnicu Vâlcea | ||
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| — County capital — | ||
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| Coordinates: 45°6′17″N 24°22′32″E / 45.10472°N 24.37556°ECoordinates: 45°6′17″N 24°22′32″E / 45.10472°N 24.37556°E | ||
| Country |  Romania |
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| County | Vâlcea | |
| Status | County capital | |
| Government | ||
| • Mayor | Emilian Frâncu (National Liberal Party) | |
| Area | ||
| • Total | 89.5 km2 (34.6 sq mi) | |
| Population (2011)[1] | ||
| • Total | 92,573 | |
| • Density | 1,034/km2 (2,680/sq mi) | |
| Time zone | EET (UTC+2) | |
| • Summer (DST) | EEST (UTC+3) | |
| Website | http://www.primariavl.ro/ | |
Râmnicu Vâlcea (also spelled Rîmnicu Vîlcea, Romanian pronunciation: [ˈrɨmniku ˈvɨlt͡ʃe̯a]) (population: 92,573) is the capital city of Vâlcea County, Romania (in the historical province of Oltenia).
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Geography and climate [edit]
Râmnicu Vâlcea is situated in the central-south area of Romania. Set at the foothills of the Southern Carpathians, the city is located at about 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) from the Cozia Mountains and about 40 kilometres (25 mi) from the Făgăraş and Lotrului Mountains. The southern limit of Râmnicu Vâlcea is formed by the Getic Plateau and the Oltului Valley.
The Olt River crosses the town of Râmnicu Vâlcea as well as the E81 road of European interest and one of the main national railway routes.
History [edit]
| Historical population | ||
|---|---|---|
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1912 | 9,628 | — |
| 1930 | 15,648 | +62.5% |
| 1948 | 17,238 | +10.2% |
| 1956 | 18,984 | +10.1% |
| 1966 | 23,867 | +25.7% |
| 1977 | 66,321 | +177.9% |
| 1992 | 113,624 | +71.3% |
| 2002 | 107,656 | −5.3% |
| 2011 | 92,573 | −14.0% |
| Source: Census data | ||
The area has been inhabited since Dacian and Roman times, and was the site of a castrum. A new fortress was built on the location during the Middle Ages. Râmnicu Vâlcea was first attested during the rule of Prince Mircea cel Bătrân, as "the princely town of Râmnic" (September 4, 1388), and confirmed as the seat of a Vâlcea County during the same period (January 8, 1392).
The town seal dates to 1505. Cetăţuia, the actual fortress, served as the residence of Oltenian Bans and, from 1504, of the Orthodox bishops of the Râmnic Diocese; in 1543, Prince Radu de la Afumaţi was killed in Cetăţuia by a boyar conspiracy.
During the rules of Matei Basarab and Constantin Brâncoveanu, it became an important cultural center. It was here where the first paper mill and printing press in Romania were built (see Anthim the Iberian). The city was heavily damaged during the Habsburg takeover of Oltenia between 1718 and 1739, and its purpose was again reduced to that of a fortress.
During the Wallachian Revolution, on July 29, 1848, Deşteaptă-te, române! (the national anthem of Romania), with lyrics written by Andrei Mureşanu and music composed by Anton Pann (whose memorial house lies in the center of the town), was sung for the first time in Râmnicu Vâlcea. Gheorghe Magheru gathered his military force in Râureni, now part of the city, in an attempt to face the anti-revolutionary forces of Imperial Russia and the Ottoman Empire.
In the 1980s, the city was completely rebuilt in a style combining Socialist realism with local vernacular architecture.
Râmnicu Vâlcea has gained some notoriety as an alleged global centre for cybercrime more recently.[2][3][4]
Politics [edit]
The mayor of Râmnicu Vâlcea is Romeo Rădulescu, former Democratic Party candidate, now independent, and two deputy mayors, Eusebiu Veţeleanu, also independent, and Monceanu Constantin, from National Liberal Party. The Râmnicu Vâlcea Municipal Council, elected in the June 2004 local government elections, is made up of 23 councillors, with the following party composition:
| Party | Seats | Current Council | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| National Liberal Party | 8 | |||||||||
| Democratic Party | 8 | |||||||||
| Social Democratic Party | 5 | |||||||||
| Greater Romania Party | 2 | |||||||||
Industry [edit]
Oltchim S.A. Ramnicu Valcea was one of the largest chemical companies in Romania.[5] It provides chemical products since 1966 and it is the most important exporter on Chlorosodics, Polyether Polyols and Propylene Oxide markets in Eastern and Central Europe. Besides this, it is the second PVC producer in the area.[6]
It is a very important employer in the area of Ramnicu Valcea, with no less than 5000 employees.
They promote commitment to environment and re-technologization for the safety of the surroundings and of their employees.
In 2009 and 2010, the company had to lower production and lay off employees because of the financial crisis and it became one of the first companies to receive aid from the government.[7]
In 2012, the company was declared bankrupt.
Solar eclipse of August 11, 1999 [edit]
Râmnicu Vâlcea (45°06′N 24°18′E / 45.1°N 24.3°E) was the center and peak point of the path of total darkness of the 1999 Solar Eclipse at noon of August 11.
Natives [edit]
- Anton Pann
- Ion Emanuel Florescu
- Victoraş Iacob
- Gabriel Liiceanu
- Nicolae Manolescu
- Marian-Jean Marinescu
- Alexandru Papadopol
- Dem Rădulescu
- Petrache Poenaru
Sport [edit]
Râmnicu Vâlcea is home to CS Oltchim Râmnicu Vâlcea is a women handball club which competes in the Liga Naţională and the Women's Champions League.
Villages [edit]
The city administers thirteen villages: Aranghel, Căzăneşti, Copăcelu, Dealu Malului, Feţeni, Goranu, Lespezi, Poenari, Priba, Râureni, Săliştea, Stolniceni and Troian. Goranu, Feţeni, Lespezi and Săliştea were a separate commune, Goranu, until 1996, when they were merged into the city.
References [edit]
- ^ "2011 Census" (in Romanian). INSSE. February 2, 2012. Retrieved March 12, 2012.
- ^ Bhattacharjee, Yudhijit (31 January 2011). "How a Remote Town in Romania Has Become Cybercrime Central". Wired magazine{.
- ^ Rosenberg, Eli (7 February 2011). "Romanian Mountains: Seedy Epicenter of Global Cybercrime". Atlantic Wire.
- ^ Wylie, Ian (26 December 2007). "Romania home base for EBay scammers". Los Angeles Times.
- ^ "Oltchim S.A.". Oltchim S.A. Wikipedia page.
- ^ "About us". Oltchim Website.
- ^ "Boc promite ca va scoate Oltchim S.A. din criza". business24.ro.
External links [edit]
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Râmnicu Vâlcea |
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