RNASEL

Ribonuclease L (2',5'-oligoisoadenylate synthetase-dependent)
PDB rendering based on 1wdy.
Available structures PDB 1WDY
Identifiers
Symbols	RNASEL; PRCA1; RNS4
External IDs	OMIM: 180435 MGI: 1098272 HomoloGene: 8040 GeneCards: RNASEL Gene
EC number	[u'3.1.26.-', u'3.1.27.-' [u'3.1.26.-', u'3.1.27.-']]
Gene Ontology Molecular function • nucleotide binding • RNA binding • endoribonuclease activity • protein kinase activity • ATP binding • transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups • hydrolase activity • endoribonuclease activity, producing 5'-phosphomonoesters • metal ion binding Cellular component • cellular_component • cytoplasm • mitochondrion • cytosol Biological process • mRNA processing • protein phosphorylation • cytokine-mediated signaling pathway • negative regulation of viral genome replication • defense response to virus • type I interferon-mediated signaling pathway Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	6041	24014
Ensembl	ENSG00000135828	ENSMUSG00000066800
UniProt	Q05823	Q05921
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_021133.3	NM_011882.2
RefSeq (protein)	NP_066956.1	NP_036012.1
Location (UCSC)	Chr 1: 182.54 – 182.56 Mb	Chr 1: 155.6 – 155.61 Mb
PubMed search	[1]	[2]

2-5A-dependent ribonuclease is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the RNASEL gene.

This gene encodes a component of the interferon-regulated 2-5A system that functions in the antiviral and antiproliferative roles of interferons.

Mutations in this gene have been associated with predisposition to prostate cancer and this gene is a candidate for the hereditary prostate cancer 1 (HPC1) allele. In 2002, the “hereditary prostate cancer 1” locus (HPC1) was mapped to the RNase L gene, implicating it in the development of prostate cancer.

Further reading

• Castelli J, Wood KA, Youle RJ (1999). "The 2-5A system in viral infection and apoptosis.". Biomed. Pharmacother. 52 (9): 386–90. doi:10.1016/S0753-3322(99)80006-7. PMID 9856285. 
• Leaman DW, Cramer H (1999). "Controlling gene expression with 2-5A antisense.". Methods 18 (3): 252–65. doi:10.1006/meth.1999.0782. PMID 10454983. 
• Silverman RH (2003). "Implications for RNase L in prostate cancer biology.". Biochemistry 42 (7): 1805–12. doi:10.1021/bi027147i. PMID 12590567. 
• Kieffer N, Schmitz M, Scheiden R, et al. (2006). "Involvement of the RNAse L gene in prostate cancer.". Bulletin de la Société des sciences médicales du Grand-Duché de Luxembourg (1): 21–8. PMID 16869093. 
• Bisbal C, Silverman RH (2007). "Diverse functions of RNase L and implications in pathology.". Biochimie 89 (6-7): 789–98. doi:10.1016/j.biochi.2007.02.006. PMC 2706398. PMID 17400356. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2706398. 
• Carter BS, Beaty TH, Steinberg GD, et al. (1992). "Mendelian inheritance of familial prostate cancer.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 89 (8): 3367–71. doi:10.1073/pnas.89.8.3367. PMC 48868. PMID 1565627. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=48868. 
• Dong B, Xu L, Zhou A, et al. (1994). "Intrinsic molecular activities of the interferon-induced 2-5A-dependent RNase.". J. Biol. Chem. 269 (19): 14153–8. PMID 7514601. 
• Bisbal C, Martinand C, Silhol M, et al. (1995). "Cloning and characterization of a RNAse L inhibitor. A new component of the interferon-regulated 2-5A pathway.". J. Biol. Chem. 270 (22): 13308–17. doi:10.1074/jbc.270.22.13308. PMID 7539425. 
• Zhou A, Hassel BA, Silverman RH (1993). "Expression cloning of 2-5A-dependent RNAase: a uniquely regulated mediator of interferon action.". Cell 72 (5): 753–65. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(93)90403-D. PMID 7680958. 
• Hassel BA, Zhou A, Sotomayor C, et al. (1993). "A dominant negative mutant of 2-5A-dependent RNase suppresses antiproliferative and antiviral effects of interferon.". EMBO J. 12 (8): 3297–304. PMC 413597. PMID 7688298. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=413597. 
• Smith JR, Freije D, Carpten JD, et al. (1996). "Major susceptibility locus for prostate cancer on chromosome 1 suggested by a genome-wide search.". Science 274 (5291): 1371–4. doi:10.1126/science.274.5291.1371. PMID 8910276. 
• Egesten A, Dyer KD, Batten D, et al. (1997). "Ribonucleases and host defense: identification, localization and gene expression in adherent monocytes in vitro.". Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1358 (3): 255–60. doi:10.1016/S0167-4889(97)00081-5. PMID 9366257. 
• Eeles RA, Durocher F, Edwards S, et al. (1998). "Linkage analysis of chromosome 1q markers in 136 prostate cancer families. The Cancer Research Campaign/British Prostate Group U.K. Familial Prostate Cancer Study Collaborators.". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 62 (3): 653–8. doi:10.1086/301745. PMC 1376940. PMID 9497242. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1376940. 
• Dong B, Silverman RH (1999). "Alternative function of a protein kinase homology domain in 2', 5'-oligoadenylate dependent RNase L.". Nucleic Acids Res. 27 (2): 439–45. doi:10.1093/nar/27.2.439. PMC 148198. PMID 9862963. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=148198. 
• Carpten JD, Makalowska I, Robbins CM, et al. (2000). "A 6-Mb high-resolution physical and transcription map encompassing the hereditary prostate cancer 1 (HPC1) region.". Genomics 64 (1): 1–14. doi:10.1006/geno.1999.6051. PMID 10708513. 
• Zhou A, Nie H, Silverman RH (2001). "Analysis and origins of the human and mouse RNase L genes: mediators of interferon action.". Mamm. Genome 11 (11): 989–92. doi:10.1007/s003350010194. PMID 11063255. 
• Dong B, Niwa M, Walter P, Silverman RH (2001). "Basis for regulated RNA cleavage by functional analysis of RNase L and Ire1p.". RNA 7 (3): 361–73. doi:10.1017/S1355838201002230. PMC 1370093. PMID 11333017. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1370093.